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Introduction: Responsiveness of health care systems is a global concept defined as the ability of systems to function in a manner that meets the expectations of individuals, and is under‐studied. In Australia, Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs) are valued by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples for the provision of holistic culturally safe primary health care and are well positioned to be responsive to community needs. Objective: To develop a conceptual framework examining the responsiveness of a rural ACCHO to the health care needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in their service region. Design: A qualitative interview study using abductive reasoning was conducted. Interviews conducted with Aboriginal clients, key informants, and ACCHO health personnel from two evaluations undertaken in partnership with a rural ACCHO located in Victoria, Australia, were analysed through an iterative process of identifying key concepts from the data and evidence. Key concepts were used to develop a conceptual framework. Findings: Across the two evaluations, 22 participants were involved in data collection and 28 interviews were undertaken. A conceptual framework examining the responsiveness of a rural ACCHO to the health care needs of Aboriginal Peoples within their service region was developed and encompassed three concepts: operating within a complex adaptive system, mechanisms of responsiveness used by the ACCHO, and challenges experienced by the ACCHO when being responsive. Discussion: The developed conceptual framework expands on research supporting the value of ACCHOs in providing holistic culturally safe health care to their communities, particularly in rural settings. A key finding is the importance for ACCHOs to meet the health care needs of their community whilst navigating needs in the context of the broader health care system. When dissonance is encountered between external system components and community needs, challenges can be experienced such as adequately resourcing models of service delivery and maintaining the provision of services. Conclusion: Conceptualising the health care system as a complex adaptive system in which an ACCHO operates and is responsive, highlights the competing demands experienced. Findings expand on mechanisms of responsiveness used at the service–user interface. Future research should examine how the broader health care system can support the role and functions of ACCHOs in being responsive to the health care needs of their communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While there is unequivocal agreement on the need to support families and to avoid all unnecessary separation, there are ongoing debates across policy and practitioner communities nationally and internationally, around the place of residential care within the range of alternative care services which should be available to children who need them. This paper presents the findings of a review of evidence looking at the function, quality and outcomes of residential care based on 111 papers identified for inclusion using systematic searches. The review identifies definitional ambiguity in the use of the terms 'residential' and 'institutional' care in the literature, which, alongside the different cultural, social and economic contexts, makes generalizing challenging. However, we found insufficient evidence to substantiate claims that residential care is inherently unsuitable. We identify research gaps in the literature, including in relation to quality, children's perspectives and factors that impact upon the suitability of residential care for different children, before discussing implications of the findings for research, policy and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate teachers' and pupils' perceptions about the effect of the SafeSpot mental health curriculum on the well‐being of young people and on their knowledge of mental health conditions. This trial intends to determine the acceptability and benefits of web and mobile technology in delivering emotional well‐being in schools, through use of the SafeSpot programme. Background: With 10% of young people aged 5 to 16 diagnosed with a mental disorder, there is pressure for schools to address their pupils' emotional well‐being. However, many educators report that their schools have insufficient provisions and feel inadequately equipped to support pupils' mental health. Methods: This qualitative analysis was embedded within a randomly allocated stepped‐wedge design, conducted in six West of Scotland secondary schools. A total of 2320 pupils (aged 11 to 14 years) and 90 teachers were included. Young people's understanding of health‐seeking, and teacher's confidence in delivering and accessing well‐being information was assessed qualitatively. Results: Qualitative analysis revealed themes highlighting the beneficial nature of SafeSpot, including pupil engagement, content of tutorials, perceived impact of SafeSpot and level of training provided for teachers. Conclusions: Web technology could potentially offer a more structured way for staff to support their pupils' mental health, whilst reducing stigma. SafeSpot was perceived, by pupils and teachers, to be engaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of objectively measured sedentary behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities. Methods: Baseline accelerometer data were pooled from two randomized controlled trials of lifestyle behaviour change programmes for adults with intellectual disabilities. Patterns of sedentary behaviours were computed including total volume, number, and duration of bouts and breaks. Results: Participants spent >70% of the day sedentary (8 hr), which was generally accumulated in short sedentary bouts (<10 min). Participants were engaged in significantly more sedentary time during the morning, although differences between time of day were small (mean bout duration range: 19.8–22.3 min). Conclusions: The findings add valuable insight into the patterns of sedentary behaviours among adults with intellectual disabilities. Further research investigating the patterns and context of sedentary behaviour is required to develop targeted interventions to reduce total sedentary time in adults with intellectual disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the general population, the transition from adolescence to adulthood has been identified as a "high‐risk" period for weight gain. There has been no research examining health behaviours over this transition in adults with intellectual disabilities. Methods/design: The feasibility of recruitment, retention and relevant health behaviours were measured in 31 adolescents with mild‐moderate intellectual disabilities. Anthropometric, objective physical activity, dietary and self‐determination measures were collected over a 12‐month transitional period from school to adulthood. Results: Key results suggest weight and BMI increased significantly from month 6 to month 12 (p = 0.044 and p = 0.043). Waist circumference increased significantly from baseline to month 12 (p = 0.049), and from month 6 to month 12 (p = 0.03). Discussion: Recruiting and retaining young adults with intellectual disabilities over a 12‐month health behaviour study is feasible. The data indicate the transition from school to adulthood may be the start of a high‐risk period for weight gain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience significant inequalities and tend to be more sedentary and less physically active than the wider population. Walking programmes are an effective way to increase physical activity (PA) but have not been used in studies involving adults with intellectual disabilities. Method: Nineteen adults with intellectual disabilities participated in semistructured interviews or focus groups exploring their experiences of taking part in a walking programme (Walk Well). Data were coded using thematic analysis. Results: Four overarching themes emerged: perceived benefits of taking part in the programme, perceived drawbacks/ barriers, walking choices and using the Walk Well resources. While there was not a significant increase in walking for all, the participants reported positive experiences of taking part in the programme. Self‐monitoring proved difficult for some, particularly reading the daily step count recorded on the pedometer and writing it in the diary. Carers also played an important role in facilitating and preventing behaviour change in adults with intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: Additional barriers prevent many adults with intellectual disabilities from participating in PA. Capturing participant experiences provides important information for designing effective and equitable health improvement programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of obesity is higher in those with intellectual disabilities than the general population. The aim of the study was to understand the determinants of physical activity and dietary patterns in this population during their final year of school. Method: Qualitative data were generated from 10 interviews with adolescents with mild–moderate intellectual disabilities. Data were analysed using deductive thematic analysis, employing Self‐Determination Theory as a theoretical framework. Results: Adolescents’ environment and social interactions play a pivotal role in influencing physical activity and dietary patterns. Three themes emerged from the analysis: situatedness, motivation and wider environmental influences. Conclusions: School structure, high self‐efficacy and social connectedness facilitate increased physical activity and healthier diet in adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Home life, low self‐efficacy and a lack of social connectedness can serve as a barrier to PA and a healthy diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper synthesises ideas generated from an international knowledge exchange seminar series to explore the potential and pitfalls in utilising routine administrative data and survey data for longitudinal research about children involved in public child welfare services. Methodological, technical and ethical issues are explored, including the challenges in capturing the nature, focus and intensity of intervention. It is suggested that assessing child wellbeing across a range of dimensions in the short, medium and long term may provide a better conceptual basis for research than defining specific outcomes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Messages: In responding to child maltreatment, it is crucial to record and understand the social context., Information systems can be used beyond individual cases, disciplines and jurisdictions. Their potential when combined will help us understand child maltreatment to a greater degree., Child protection work is complex and practice is not straightforward. Understanding what works best, for whom and in what circumstances can be enhanced by looking at multiple disciplines over long periods of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When children and young people run away from home or care it is most often indicative of problems in their lives. Reporting on the findings of a recent evaluation, this study considers the role, delivery and impact of 'return home welfare interviews' ( RHWIs) in identifying children and young people in need. It concludes that RHWIs function as an effective screening mechanism and can be facilitative in creating multiple pathways for referral to appropriate services. It challenges assumptions about the unsuitability of the police in undertaking RHWIs and highlights the importance of context, training and appropriate resourcing to the success of police delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents books about child and family social work. 'Vulnerable Inside: Children in Secure and Penal Settings,' by Barry Goldson; 'Adoption Support Services for Families in Difficulty: A Literature Review and UK Survey,' by Alan Rushton and Cherilyn Dance; 'Birth Fathers and Their Adoption Experiences,' by Gary Clapton.

In England, social services departments have a duty to provide care and protection to unaccompanied asylum seeking children from the point they arrive in the country. In recent years, research studies have identified a number of practice and policy issues of concern regarding the social services response to unaccompanied children. This paper focuses on three broad issues that emerge from the literature. The paper explores research concerns associated with (i) the referral and assessment process, (ii) the use of the child welfare legislative framework, and (iii) a number of issues arising from the provision of placements and other support offered to unaccompanied children. The findings of the research reviewed demonstrate that there are indeed clear grounds for concern. However, this paper argues that the evidence base is relatively weak and that as a result we know very little about the nature and context of the social work response to this group of children and young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This paper reports the findings of a 3-month survey of young people calling the Message Home helpline. Message Home is a national freephone helpline available to people who have run away or left home which allows them to send a message to their family or carer, to seek confidential help and advice and, if necessary, to be helped to a place of safety. The paper explores the characteristics, circumstances and motivations of the young people contacting the helpline. It also considers who the young people contacted through the helpline and the kinds of messages that were relayed to parents, social services and others. This study differs from most preceding studies of runaways in recording the views of young people while they are missing. The immediacy palpable in their accounts highlights the distress and isolation experienced by many of these young people who have run away or been forced to leave home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective Method Results Discussion Long‐term recovery rates following eating disorders (EDs) treatment remain low. This might be partly due to a lack of agreement between key stakeholder groups, including people with lived experience, carers, clinicians, and researchers, regarding optimal therapeutic targets and strategies. We aimed to reach a consensus across these diverse groups on the most valued treatment targets and strategies for fostering ED recovery.We used the Delphi method with two phases: (i) Survey development and (ii) Expert rating. The survey development phase included the design of an initial set of items through scoping review and feedback from a committee of 14 experts. During the survey rating, we engaged a larger panel of 185 experts who comprised the stakeholder groups: Individuals with lived ED experience (n = 49), carers (n = 44), researchers (n = 46), and clinicians (n = 46).Thirty‐one targets and 29 strategies reached consensus (> 70% agreement over three rounds). Psychological‐emotional–social targets including quality of life, sense of purpose, and emotion regulation, along with ED behaviors, reached the highest agreement (> 90%). Strategies reflecting an individualized approach to treatment (i.e., considering diversity, assessing comorbidities, and enhancing rapport) achieved the highest agreement (> 90%). Responses across groups were similar, except researchers leaning more towards consideration of weight‐ and eating‐related targets.Holistic targets and individualized therapeutic strategies have consistent support from the different stakeholder groups involved in ED treatment. The agreed set of targets/strategies may be used, in triangulation with other sources of evidence, to design and evaluate coproduced and personalized interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a case report on a pregnancy resulting from intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI) of a frozen-thawed oocyte in Australia. Medical history and clinical manifestation of a pregnant woman who underwent ICSI; Information on frozen-thawed oocyte cycle.