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The 2011 Tohoku‐oki tsunami caused large‐scale topographic changes along the Pacific coast of northeastern Japan. More than 10 years have passed since the tsunami waves struck the area. Today, because of reconstruction work, very few places exist where natural post‐tsunami topographic changes can be monitored continuously. For this study, the authors investigated topographic changes caused not only by the 2011 tsunami but also by natural and artificial activities during the 50 years before and after the tsunami based on aerial photographs, excavations and subsurface explorations using ground‐penetrating radar at the Osuka coast in Aomori prefecture, Japan. The site is rare because it is a protected area with few and superficial engineering activities, making it suitable for continuous observation of pre‐tsunami, syn‐tsunami and post‐tsunami topographic changes. The findings indicate that the 2011 tsunami waves generated large topographic changes: depositional and erosional features produced by the tsunami can be recognized, respectively, as tsunami deposits and erosional channels across the sand dunes. During the post‐tsunami phase, the sand volume at the coast quickly recovered naturally. Tsunami deposits and the erosional channels were well preserved underground even at 10 years after the event. However, dynamic movement of the dunes started after the tsunami. The shifting was attributable to the artificial clearing of coastal forests rather than the tsunami effects on the coast. Our results first indicate not only that the sedimentary features of paleo‐tsunamis but also the erosional features have some probability of being preserved in the subsurface of the beach and sand dunes at tsunami‐affected areas. Also, artificial activities such as deforestation are much more crucially undermining of the stability of the coastal geomorphology than the tsunami effects: the coast is now reaching a different status from its pre‐tsunami situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly methanol-selective vapochromic response has been realized in a NiII-quinonoid complex, [Ni(HLMe)2] (H2LMe=4-methylamino-6-methyliminio-3-oxocyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-olate) which exhibits a reversible structural transformation including a coordination geometrical change between the square-planar and octahedral structure by the selective uptake of methanol vapor. This was accompanied by a remarkable color change between purple and orange, as well as temperature-robust spin-state switching in the solid state under ambient conditions. It is remarkable that the properties are derived by the fine structural modification of the quinonoid ligand such as methyl or ethyl analogues. Such a system has high potential for applications in memory devices as well as chemical sensors and smart responsive materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly methanol-selective vapochromic response has been realized in a NiII-quinonoid complex, [Ni(HLMe)2] (H2LMe=4-methylamino-6-methyliminio-3-oxocyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-olate) which exhibits a reversible structural transformation including a coordination geometrical change between the square-planar and octahedral structure by the selective uptake of methanol vapor. This was accompanied by a remarkable color change between purple and orange, as well as temperature-robust spin-state switching in the solid state under ambient conditions. It is remarkable that the properties are derived by the fine structural modification of the quinonoid ligand such as methyl or ethyl analogues. Such a system has high potential for applications in memory devices as well as chemical sensors and smart responsive materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomechanical strain imposed by age-related thickening of the basal lamina and augmented tissue stiffness in the prostate gland coincides with increased cancer risk. Here we hypothesized that the structural alterations in the basal lamina associated with age can induce mechanotransduction pathways in prostate epithelial cells ( PECs) to promote invasiveness and cancer progression. To demonstrate this, we developed a 3D model of PEC acini in which thickening and stiffening of basal lamina matrix was induced by advanced glycation end-product ( AGE)-dependent non-enzymatic crosslinking of its major components, collagen IV and laminin. We used this model to demonstrate that antibody targeted blockade of CTLD2, the second of eight C-type lectin-like domains in Endo180 ( CD280, CLEC13E, KIAA0709, MRC2, TEM9, uPARAP) that can recognize glycosylated collagens, reversed actinomyosin-based contractility [myosin-light chain-2 ( MLC2) phosphorylation], loss of cell polarity, loss of cell-cell junctions, luminal infiltration and basal invasion induced by AGE-modified basal lamina matrix in PEC acini. Our in vitro results were concordant with luminal occlusion of acini in the prostate glands of adult Endo180 ΔEx2-6/ ΔEx2-6 mice, with constitutively exposed CTLD2 and decreased survival of men with early (non-invasive) prostate cancer with high epithelial Endo180 expression and levels of AGE. These findings indicate that AGE-dependent modification of the basal lamina induces invasive behaviour in non-transformed PECs via a molecular mechanism linked to cancer progression. This study provides a rationale for targeting CTLD2 in Endo180 in prostate cancer and other pathologies in which increased basal lamina thickness and tissue stiffness are driving factors. © 2014 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A methanol‐selective vapochromic response is realized in a nickel(II) quinonoid complex, which exhibits a reversible structural transformation including a coordination geometrical change between the square‐planar and octahedral structure by the uptake and removal of methanol vapor. In their Communication on page 2345 ff. M. Kato and co‐workers show that this process is accompanied by a remarkable color change as well as spin‐state switching in the solid state under ambient conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly methanol ‐ selective vapochromic response has been realized in a NiII ‐ quinonoid complex, [Ni(HLMe)2] (H2LMe=4 ‐ methylamino ‐ 6 ‐ methyliminio ‐ 3 ‐ oxocyclohexa ‐ 1,4 ‐ dien ‐ 1 ‐ olate) which exhibits a reversible structural transformation including a coordination geometrical change between the square ‐ planar and octahedral structure by the selective uptake of methanol vapor. This was accompanied by a remarkable color change between purple and orange, as well as temperature ‐ robust spin ‐ state switching in the solid state under ambient conditions. It is remarkable that the properties are derived by the fine structural modification of the quinonoid ligand such as methyl or ethyl analogues. Such a system has high potential for applications in memory devices as well as chemical sensors and smart responsive materials. Die Aufnahme und Abgabe von Methanoldampf bewirkt, dass sich ein NiII ‐ Chinonoidkomplex im festen Zustand unter Umgebungsbedingungen zwischen einer quadratisch ‐ planaren und oktaedrischen Geometrie reversibel umwandelt. Die Umwandlung ist mit einem bemerkenswerten Farbwechsel sowie einer koordinationsinduzierten Spinzustandsschaltung gekoppelt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]