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Aims: To develop a clinical risk model to identify individuals at higher risk of developing new‐onset diabetes and who might benefit more from weight loss pharmacotherapy. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 143 patients without type 2 diabetes at baseline from two TIMI clinical trials of stable cardiovascular patients were divided into a derivation (~2/3) and validation (~1/3) cohort. The primary outcome was new‐onset diabetes. Twenty‐seven candidate risk variables were considered, and variable selection was performed using multivariable Cox regression. The final model was evaluated for discrimination and calibration, and for its ability to identify patients who experienced a larger benefit from the weight loss medication lorcaserin in terms of risk of new‐onset diabetes. Results: During a median (interquartile range) follow‐up of 2.3 (1.8–2.7) years, new‐onset diabetes occurred in 1013 patients (7.7%). The final model included five independent predictors (glycated haemoglobin, fasting glucose, age, body mass index, and triglycerides/high‐density lipoprotein). The clinical risk model showed good discrimination (Harrell's C‐indices 0.802, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.788–0.817 and 0.807, 95% CI 0.788–0.826) in the derivation and validation cohorts. The calibration plot demonstrated adequate calibration (2.5‐year area under the curve was 81.2 [79.1–83.5]). While hazard ratios for new‐onset diabetes with a weight‐loss therapy were comparable across risk groups (annual risks of <1%, 1%–5%, and >5%), there was a sixfold gradient in absolute risk reduction from lowest to highest risk group (p = 0.027). Conclusions: The developed clinical risk model effectively predicts new‐onset diabetes, with potential implications for personalized patient care and therapeutic decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The initial wave of the Covid‐19 pandemic has hit Italy, and Lombardy in particular, with violence, forcing to reshape all hospitals' activities; this happened even in pediatric hospitals, although the young population seemed initially spared from the disease. "Vittore Buzzi" Children's Hospital, which is a pediatric/maternal hospital located in Milan (Lombardy Region), had to stop elective procedures—with the exception of urgent/emergent ones—between February and May 2020 to leave space and resources to adults' care. We describe the challenges of reshaping the hospital's identity and structure, and restarting pediatric surgery and anesthesia, from May on, in the most hit area of the world, with the purpose to avoid and contain infections. Both patients and caregivers admitted to hospital have been tested for Sars‐CoV‐2 in every case. Methods: Observational cohort study via review of clinical charts of patients undergoing surgery between 16th May and 30th September 2020, together with SARS‐CoV ‐2 RT‐PCR testing outcomes, and comparison to same period surgeries in 2019. Results: An increase of approximately 70% in pediatric surgeries (OR 1.68 [1.33‐2.13], P <.001) and a higher increase in the number of surgeries were reported (OR 1.75 (1.43‐2.15), P <.001). Considering only urgent procedures, a significant difference in the distribution of the type of surgery was observed (Chi‐squared P‐value <.001). Sars‐CoV‐2‐positive patients have been 0.8% of total number; 14% of these was discovered through caregiver's positivity. Conclusion: We describe our pathway for safe pediatric surgery and anesthesia and the importance of testing both patient and caregiver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]