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Objective: To investigate the clinical outcome and endocrinological characteristics of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) using 4 versus 10 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) per day in infertile women with normal ovary reserve.Design: A randomised parallel controlled trial.Setting: Tertiary-care academic medical centre.Participants: A cohort of 300 infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment.Methods: Human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG; 225 iu per day) and MPA (group A, 10 mg per day; group B, 4 mg per day) were started simultaneously from cycle day 3 onwards. Ovulation was co-triggered by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; 1000 iu) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist; 0.1 mg) when dominant follicles matured. Viable embryos were cryopreserved for later frozen embryo transfer (FET) in both groups.Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measure was the number of oocytes retrieved. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of a premature surge in luteinising hormone (LH), the number of viable embryos, and clinical pregnancy outcomes.Results: The number of oocytes retrieved and viable embryos were similar between two groups (9.8 ± 6.3 versus 9.6 ± 5.9; 4.2 ± 2.6 versus 3.7 ± 3.0; P > 0.05). No significant difference was found in clinical pregnancy rate (58.0 versus 48.7%) and live birth rate per participant (48.7 versus 42.0%; P > 0.05). No premature LH surge and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurred in either group.Conclusions: Progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) using 4 or 10 mg of MPA per day was comparable in terms of the number of oocytes retrieved and pregnancy outcome after FET. The administration of 4 mg of MPA per day was sufficient to prevent an untimely LH rise in women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment.Tweetable Abstract: An RCT confirmed similar pregnancy outcome in P-primed ovarian stimulation with a daily dose of 4 or 10 mg MPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the mechanism of flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) and FAC rate prediction model are investigated. A modified MIT model is obtained by illustrating the relationship between CPF thickness and porosity with CPF stress based on fluid structure interaction (FSI) numerical simulation. The results reveal that the effect of fluid on CPF strength gradually increased with increasing of velocity, thereby increasing Tresca stress and deformation. CPF thickness gradually decreased with increasing stress and decreasing pH. CPF porosity gradually increased with increasing Tresca stress; however, porosity change became smaller when stress reached a certain value. CPF porosity is gradually reduced with increasing temperature. Finally, FAC rate is proportional to Tresca stress and temperature and is inversely proportional to pH. The calculation results of the modified MIT model agree with the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The critical characteristics of corrosion product film (CPF) were investigated, and the mechanism of flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) was discussed by improving the multiple reference frame method (MRF) using the space temporary coordinate system. The improved MRF was used to accomplish fluid structure interaction (FSI) numerical simulation for FAC testing machine with a pre-filming specimen. The new numerical method for the simulation of the critical characteristics of the CPF was proposed by coupling FSI and contact analysis in COMSOL Multiphysics software based on Hertz theory, which was used to calculate the critical characteristics of the specimen. The results reveal that the deformation and stress of the CPF increased with increasing temperature and flow velocity. The critical flow velocity was higher than the pre-filming flow velocity and increased with increasing temperature. The calculation results are consistent with those of the linear polarization experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A scratch test is used to measure the adhesion between corrosion product film (CPF) and carbon steel in deionized water under different pH and temperatures. The fuzzy feature model is modified to minimize errors between calculation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results. Findings illustrate that the maximum error decreases to 11%. The adhesion between CPF and substrate increases with rising temperature and pH of deionized water. The Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus of CPF are in the ranges [0.34 and 0.45] and [0.08 and 0.11 GPa], respectively, as temperature and pH change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) is the most common failure in nuclear power plants. The FAC rate conforms to the experimental results in lab, which are calculated by some other FAC rate prediction models. However, when these models are employed to calculate the FAC rate of the elbow, the result is opposite to actual situation of failure of the elbow. In this paper, a new prediction model is proposed to calculate the flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) rate in the elbow, which combine the steady-state mass transfer model of electrochemical theory and one-dimensional galvanic corrosion model. Firstly, the distribution of velocity in the elbow is counted by FLUENT. Secondly, the free corrosion potential and the free corrosion current density are calculated by steady-state mass transfer model. At last, the novel model is used to obtain the FAC rate of the elbow. The result will show that the FAC rate of the outward bend of the elbow is two-orders than the inward bend of the elbow. The outward bend of elbow is the defective position, which accords with the statistical result of Kuen Ting et al. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Post-prandial worsening of symptoms as well as adverse reactions to one or more foods are common in the patients with functional gastrointestinal diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD). However, the role played by true food allergy in the pathogenesis of these diseases is still controversial and there are no well-established tests to identify food allergy in this condition. Objective To investigate serum food antigen-specific IgG, IgE antibody and total IgE antibody titres in controls and patients with IBS and FD, and to correlate symptoms with the food antigen-specific IgG titres in IBS and FD patients. Methods Thirty-seven IBS patients, 28 FD patients and 20 healthy controls participated in this study. Serum IgG and IgE antibody titres to 14 common foods including beef, chicken, codfish, corn, crab, eggs, mushroom, milk, pork, rice, shrimp, soybean, tomatoes and wheat were analysed by ELISA. Serum total IgE titres were also measured. Last, symptomatology was assessed in the study. Results IBS patients had significantly higher titres of IgG antibody to crab ( P=0.000), egg ( P=0.000), shrimp ( P=0.000), soybean ( P=0.017) and wheat ( P=0.004) than controls. FD patients had significantly higher titres of IgG antibody to egg ( P=0.000) and soybean ( P=0.017) than controls. The percentage of individuals with detectable positive food antigen-specific IgE antibodies of the three groups did not show any significant differences ( P=0.971). There were no significant differences between IBS patients, FD patients and controls in the serum total IgE antibody titres ( P=0.978). Lastly, no significant correlation was seen between symptom severity and serum food antigen-specific IgG antibody titres both in IBS and FD patients. Conclusion Serum IgG antibody titres to some common foods increased in IBS and FD patients compared to controls. But there is no significant correlation between symptom severity and elevated serum food antigen-specific IgG antibodies in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]