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Marital concerns can trigger emotional stress, especially among long‐term hospitalised individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, significantly affecting their treatment and recovery. Unfortunately, rehabilitation programs tend to overlook the marital needs of individuals with diagnosed schizophrenia. This research aimed to investigate the content related to marital concerns of Chinese individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia who were undergoing extended hospitalisation. Fifteen participants diagnosed with schizophrenia were recruited through purposive sampling for face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews. The gathered data were analysed using Colaizzi's method, revealing three themes: (1) manifestations of marriage‐related concerns, (2) effects of marriage on disease progression, and (3) the need for support from family and the hospital. This study offers new insights into marital concerns among long‐term schizophrenia inpatients and underscores the significance of screening and intervention for such concerns. Healthcare professionals and family members should extend support to patients to foster confidence within their marital relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbohydrate‐based drug discovery has gained more and more attention during the last few decades. Resin glycoside is a kind of novel and complex glycolipids mainly distributed in plants of the family Convolvulaceae. Over the last decade, a number of natural resin glycosides and derivatives have been isolated and identified, and exhibited a broad spectrum of biological activities, such as cytotoxic, multidrug‐resistant reversal on both microbial pathogens and mammalian cancer cells, antivirus, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, sedative, vasorelaxant, laxative, and α‐glucosidase inhibitory effects, indicating their potential as lead compounds for drug discovery. A systematic review of the literature studies was carried out to summarize the chemistry and biological activity of resin glycosides from Convolvulaceae species, based on various data sources such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar. The keyword "Convolvulaceae" was paired with "resin glycoside," "glycosidic acid," "glycolipid," or "oligosaccharide," and the references published between 2009 and June 2021 were covered. In this article, we comprehensively reviewed the structures of 288 natural resin glycoside and derivatives newly reported in the last decade. Moreover, we summarized the biological activities and mechanisms of action of the resin glycosides with pharmaceutical potential. Taken together, great progress has been made on the chemistry and biological activity of resin glycosides from Convolvulaceae species, however, more exploratory research is still needed, especially on the mechanism of action of the biological activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aging and longevity is a dynamic, chronological process assumed to originate from several hallmarks causing archetypal and beguiling cycles with incredible natural diversity. This phenomenon is widely observed in different animals, and the estimated age of Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans,Daphnia longispina are a few days to weeks. Reproductive termites live for 30 years, although the root cause of longevity in termite castes is still debated for molecular and cellular changes. Insulin and insulin signaling pathway‐related (IIS) genes are important metabolic factors (glucose) highly conserved in lower to higher organisms. Therefore, in this study, we pooled Reticulitermes chinensis castes as primary king (PK), primary queen (PQ), ergatoid king "SWRK" and queen "SWRQ", male (WM), and female (WF) workers. We determined transcriptome sequencing of R. chinensis castes as a model organism for longevity to investigate the insulin signaling pathway and longevity genes. Through RNA‐sequencing, we identified 35 IIS‐pathway‐related genes out of 343 to the KEGG pathway in ergatoid king and queen, PK, PQ, WM, and WF. Among these genes, Tsc2, akt2‐a, mTOR, EIF4E, Pdk1, and RPS expressed highly in ergatoid king and queen, PK, and PQ. However, a significant cornerstone tradeoff between reproductive and non‐reproductive efforts for early life is essential for evolutionary longevity. The present study concludes that a highly conserved IIS‐pathway is evidence for the prolonged termite reproductive life span. We recommended devoting insulin signaling pathway genes to their biological function for termite survival and new insights into the maintenance and relationships between biomolecular homeostasis and remarkable longevity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the secondary highest cause of cancer‐related death in the United States in men. It has been reported that microRNAs can serve as key regulators in tumor development and progression in various cancers including PCa. In this study, we examined the effect of miR‐498 on proliferation, radiosensitivity, invasion, and migration of PCa cells. The proliferation of LNCaP and DU‐145 PCa cells with altered expression of miR‐498 was evaluated by MTT assay. The invasion and migration of LNCaP and DU‐145 PCa cells were assess by matrigel invasion assay and transwell migration assay. The protein expression level in PCa cells was examined by western blot. The function of miR‐498 on radiation‐induced apoptosis in LNCaP and DU‐145 PCa cells was detected by Caspase‐Glo3/7 assay. Forced expression of miR‐498 improved the proliferation, invasion and migration in PCa cells. Furthermore, miR‐498 decreased the sensitivity of PCa cells after ionizing radiation treatment. MiR‐498 reduced the radiation‐induced apoptosis in PCa cells by regulation of BAX and Bcl‐2 expression. Meanwhile, miR‐498 altered the expression of E‐cadherin, N‐cadherin, snail, and Vimentin in both LNCaP and DU‐145 PCa cells and regulated epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further study showed that aberrant expression of miR‐498 changed the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog and p‐AKT in LNCaP and DU‐145 PCa cells. In a summary, miR‐498 displayed important roles in tumor development and progression in PCa cells, and might act as a potential prognostic biomarker and predict radiotherapy response in PCa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Anthranilic diamide insecticides control lepidopteran pests through selectively binding and activating insect ryanodine receptors. In order to search for potential insecticides targeting the ryanodine receptors, a series of anthranilic diamide analogs including trifluoromethyl, nitro, or chloro groups were designed and synthesized by the principle of bioisosterism and structural optimization. RESULTS: Insecticidal data indicated that some compounds displayed good activity against oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). In particular, the larvicidal activity of 6p against P. xylostella was 95% at 0.01 mg L−1, equivalent to chlorantraniliprole (85%, 0.01 mg L−1). The comparative molecular similarity index analysis model obtained indicated that hydrogen bond acceptor and electron‐withdrawing groups in the R′3 group are favourable for insecticidal activity against M. separata, which is consistent with the structure–activity relationships. Moreover, the calcium imaging experiment indicated, like chlorantraniliprole, that 6h and 6p are interacting with the ryanodine receptor. CONCLUSION: Introducing trifluoromethyl, nitro, or chloro groups to a specific position in the N‐phenylpyrazole could improve or maintain the activity against M. separata and P. xylostella. 6h and 6p could be used as potential lead compounds for ryanodine receptor modulators. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry 6h and 6p could be considered as potential ryanodine receptor modulators for further structural optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Phosphate concentration extensively modulates the central physiological processes mediated by the two‐component system PhoR‐PhoP in actinobacteria. The system serves a role beyond phosphate metabolism, mediating crucial functions in nitrogen and carbon metabolism, and secondary metabolism in response to the nutritional states. Here, we found that the phosphate‐sensing regulator PhoP was propionylated, and thus lost its DNA‐binding activity in vivo and in vitro in Saccharopolyspora erythraea. Two key conserved lysine residues 198 and 203 (K198 and K203) in winged HTH motif at the C‐terminal domain of PhoP are propionylated by protein acyltransferase AcuA (encoding by sace_5148). Single amino acid mutation of these two lysine residues resulted in severely impaired binding of PhoP to PHO box. The addition of propionate (to supply precursors for erythromycin biosynthesis) increases the intracellular propionylation level of PhoP, resulting in the loss of response to phosphate availability. Furthermore, simultaneous mutation of K198 and K203 of PhoP to arginine, mimicking the non‐propionylated form, promotes the expression of the PhoP regulon under the condition of propionate addition. Together, these findings present a common regulatory mechanism of genes' expression mediated by posttranslational regulation of OmpR family transcriptional regulator PhoP and provide new insights into the multifaceted regulation of metabolism in response to nutritional signals. PhoP‐mediated phosphate metabolism involves both primary and secondary metabolisms. This work showed that PhoP in Saccharopolyspora erythraea can be enzymatically propionylated by acyltransferase AcuA on lysine 198 and 203 within the HTH domain, impairing the binding of PhoP to PHO box and thus inhibiting its regulatory activity responding to phosphate availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Reactions of N,N′‐bis (salicylidene)‐1,2‐cyclohexanediamine (H2L) with mixed lanthanide counterions of LnCl3·6H2O and Ln (NO3)3·6H2O afford six H2L lanthanide coordination polymers, e.g. {[Pr(H2L)2(NO3)2Cl]·2CH2Cl2}n (1); {[Ln(H2L)1.5(NO3)3]2·5CHCl3·mCH3OH}n [Ln = Sm (2), Eu (3), Gd (4), Tb (5) and Yb (6); m = 1 (2–5); m = 0 (6)]. X‐ray crystallographic analysis reveals that complex 1 exhibits three‐dimensional diamondoid topologic structure and complexes 2–6 are of two‐dimensional structure. Luminescent spectra show that complexes 1 and 6 have characteristic near‐infrared (NIR) emission of praseodymium (III) and ytterbium (III) ions and complexes 2–5 emit luminescence in the visible region. Complexes 3 and 6 reveal sensitive luminescence responses to formaldehyde. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amifostine, 2-(3-aminopropyl) aminoethyl phosphorothioate, is a broad-spectrum cytoprotective agent used to treat nuclear radiation and chemical weapon injuries. Recently, amifostine has been shown to have a profound biological influence on tumor cells. To examine the effects and mechanisms underlying the effects of amifostine on human acute megakaryocytic leukemia, we evaluated the efficacy of amifostine against Dami cells and observed a cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Amifostine treatment also induced cell apoptosis of Dami cells which corresponds to formal studies. Through whole-genome microarray and bioinformatics analyses, we found that amifostine affected the gene expression of CCND1, BCL2, and CASP3 which revealed the mechanism amifostine acted on Dami cells. Thus, CCND1- BCL2 Gene Network is predicted to be a direct target of amifostine treating human acute megakaryocytic leukemia, which may provide a novel potential target for the therapy of several subtypes of human AML. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of five l-di- p-toluoyl-tartaric acid ( l-DTTA) lanthanide coordination polymers, namely {[Ln4K4 L6(H2O)x]⋅yH2O}n, [Ln=Dy ( 1), x=24, y=12; Ln=Ho ( 2), x=23, y=12; Ln=Er ( 3), x=24, y=12; Ln=Yb ( 4), x=24, y=11; Ln=Lu ( 5), x=24, y=12] have been isolated by simple reactions of H2L (H2L= L-DTTA) with LnCl3⋅6 H2O at ambient temperature. X-ray crystallographic analysis reveals that complexes 1- 5 feature two-dimensional (2D) network structures in which the Ln3+ ions are bridged by carboxylate groups of ligands in two unique coordinated modes. Luminescent spectra demonstrate that complex 1 realizes single-component white-light emission, while complexes 2- 4 exhibit a characteristic near-infrared (NIR) luminescence in the solid state at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Fenestrations involving aneurysms have been well documented. Only sporadic papers have been reported on fenestrations associated with AVMs (arteriovenous malformations) with few cases. Our study is to determine the rate of co-occurrence of fenestrations and AVMs and to analyze the possible relationship between them by CTA. METHODS Between January 2006 and February 2012, the CTA data of 5,657 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS A total of 12 cases (.21%) of fenestrations associated with AVMs were found. Of these, single-fenestrations were identified in 9 cases, and multifenestrations were found in 3 cases. Among 349 fenestrations, there were 15 cases of multifenestrations. The frequency of multifenestrations among fenestrated patients without AVMs was 3.6%. There was no significant difference in the incidence of AVMs in cases with and without fenestrations (3.4% and 2.7%), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of fenestration in cases with and without AVMs (7.7% and 6.1%, χ2 = .643, P = .423). CONCLUSIONS CTA may play a vital role in assessing the anomalies of co-occurring AVM and fenestration, with an incidence of .21%. The frequency of multifenestrations in fenestrated cases with AVMs was higher than those without AVMs, though there is no significant association between fenestrations and AVMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four compounds with similar structures and UV spectra were isolated from the fermentation broth of Armillaria mellea by means of preparative HPLC. Their structures were established as methyl (2 S)-1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylate ( 1), (2 S)-1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid ( 2), 1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]pyrrolidin-2-one ( 3) and 1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]piperidin-2-one ( 4) on the basis of their 1D- and 2D-NMR, and HR-MS data. The absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Additionally, four known compounds, 5- 8, were also isolated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One new anthracene derivative, juglanthracenoside A ( 1), two new anthraquinones, juglanthraquinone A ( 2) and juglanthraquinone B ( 3), along with a new naturally occurring anthraquinone, 9,10-dihydro-4,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-carboxylic acid ( 4), have been isolated from the stem bark of Juglans mandshurica. Their structures were established by detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison of the NMR data with those of related compounds. Compound 1 displayed noticeable antioxidant activity in both 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical-scavenging assays, while compound 4 showed strong cytotoxicity against HepG2, SGC7901, HCT-8, and A549 cell lines in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professor Li was strong-willed and always worked hard.3 Although we are not able to see him anymore, his legacy, not only his scientific contributions but his great integrity, his noble character and his life of service to agrochemistry, will live on in each of us - his family, his friends, his colleagues and his students. GRAPH Professor Zheng-Ming Li, a remarkable educator and chemist, passed away at the age of 90 on October 4th, 2021 in Tianjin, China. He pioneered pesticide chemistry research for world food security and science, making outstanding contributions.2 In the early 1990s, Professor Li, leading his team, carried out systematic basic research on sulfonylurea herbicides. [Extracted from the article]

The title compound {systematic name: 4-[(3S,5S,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-3,5,14-trihy-droxy-10,13-dimethyl-hexa-deca-hydro-1H-cyclo-penta-[a]phenanthren-17-yl]furan-2(5H)-one}, C(23)H(34)O(5), was isolated from the roots of Periploca sepium Bunge, a famous Chinese traditional herbal medicine. The three six-membered rings adopt chair conformations, the cyclo-pentane ring displays an approximate envelope conformation (with the C atom bearing the methyl substituent at the flap) and the five-membered lactone ring adopts an essentially planar [maximum deviation of 0.004 (8) Å] conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into helical chains along [010] by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak C-H⋯O inter-actions. Two intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are also present.