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RNA splicing is a dynamic molecular process in response to environmental stimuli and is strictly regulated by the spliceosome. Sm proteins, constituents of the spliceosome, are key components that mediate splicing reactions; however, their potential role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood. In the study, SNRPD2 (PD2) is found to be the most highly upregulated Sm protein in HCC and to act as an oncogene. PD2 modulates DDX39A intron retention together with HNRNPL to sustain the DDX39A short variant (39A_S) expression. Mechanistically, 39A_S can mediate MYC mRNA nuclear export to maintain high MYC protein expression, while MYC in turn potentiates PD2 transcription. Importantly, digitoxin can directly interact with PD2 and has a notable cancer‐suppressive effect on HCC. The study reveals a novel mechanism by which DDX39A senses oncogenic MYC signaling and undergoes splicing via PD2 to form a positive feedback loop in HCC, which can be targeted by digitoxin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are widely used as important ingredients for other nitrogen‐containing molecules. Here, we report the sustainable production of amino acids from biomass‐derived hydroxy acids with high activity under visible‐light irradiation and mild conditions, using atomic ruthenium‐promoted cadmium sulfide (Ru1/CdS). On a metal basis, the optimized Ru1/CdS exhibits a maximal alanine formation rate of 26.0 molAla ⋅ gRu−1 ⋅ h−1, which is 1.7 times and more than two orders of magnitude higher than that of its nanoparticle counterpart and the conventional thermocatalytic process, respectively. Integrated spectroscopic analysis and density functional theory calculations attribute the high performance of Ru1/CdS to the facilitated charge separation and O−H bond dissociation of the α‐hydroxy group, here of lactic acid. The operando nuclear magnetic resonance further infers a unique "double activation" mechanism of both the CH−OH and CH3−CH−OH structures in lactic acid, which significantly accelerates its photocatalytic amination toward alanine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To maximize the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs), high‐performance and stable perovskite top cells with wide‐bandgaps are required. A 2D/3D wide‐bandgap perovskite with a bandgap of 1.69 eV using 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐1‐carboximidamide (1‐TzFACl) as a spacer is developed. The 2D/3D wide‐bandgap perovskite shows better film quality, enhanced crystallinity, suppressed nonradiative recombination, and significantly improved phase stability. Its initial PCE (21.58%) remains above 87% after 1560 h of continuous illumination due to the insertion of Cl− in the perovskite lattice. A monolithic two‐terminal perovskite/silicon TSC achieves a PCE of 25.66% with high light stability. This work provides an ingenious strategy to restrain the phase segregation in wide‐bandgap perovskites, leading to effective and stable perovskite/silicon TSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrosynthesis coupled hydrogen production (ESHP) mostly involves catalyst reconstruction in aqueous phase, but accurately identifying and controlling the process is still a challenge. Herein, we modulated the electronic structure and exposed unsaturated sites of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) via ligand defect to promote the reconstruction of catalyst for azo electrosynthesis (ESA) coupled with hydrogen production overall reaction. The monolayer Ni‐MOFs achieved 89.8 % Faraday efficiency and 90.8 % selectivity for the electrooxidation of 1‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐amine (Pyr−NH2) to azo, and an 18.5‐fold increase in H2 production compared to overall water splitting. Operando X‐ray absorption fine spectroscopy (XAFS) and various in situ spectroscopy confirm that the ligand defect promotes the potential dependent dynamic reconstruction of Ni(OH)2 and NiOOH, and the reabsorption of ligand significantly lowers the energy barrier of rate‐determining step (*Pyr−NH to *Pyr−N). This work provides theoretical guidance for modulation of electrocatalyst reconstruction to achieve highly selective ESHP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single cell cloning is a critical step for cell line development (CLD) for therapeutic protein production, with proof of monoclonality being compulsorily sought in regulatory filings. Among the different single cell deposition technologies, we found that fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) offers high probability of monoclonality and can allow selective enrichment of the producer cells. However, FACS instruments are expensive and resource‐intensive, have a large footprint, require highly skilled operators and take hours for setup, thereby complicating the cell line generation process. With the aim of finding an easy‐to‐use alternative to FACS, we identified a flow cytometry‐based microfluidic cell dispenser, which presents a single cell sorting solution for biopharmaceutical CLD. The microfluidic cell dispenser is small, budget‐friendly, easy‐to‐use, requires lower‐cost consumables, permits flow cytometry‐enabled multiparametric target cell enrichment and offers fast and gentle single cell dispensing into multiwell plates. Following comprehensive evaluation, we found that single cell deposition by the microfluidic cell dispenser resulted in >99% probability of monoclonality for production cell lines. Moreover, the clonally derived producer cell lines generated from the microfluidic cell dispenser demonstrated comparable or improved growth profiles and production capability compared to the FACS derived cell lines. Taken together, microfluidic cell dispensing can serve as a cost‐effective, efficient and convenient alternative to FACS, simplifying the biopharmaceutical CLD platform with significant reductions in both scientist time and running costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circularly polarized light (CPL) detection has wide applications in many fields, where the anisotropy factor (gIph) is an important indicator to characterize the CPL detection performance. So far, many materials with high gIph have been reported, however, the exploration of the regulation of gIph is still in its infancy. Herein, two novel alternating chiral‐achiral cations intercalation‐type chiral hybrid perovskites (CHPs), named (R/S‐1‐phenylpropylamine)(propylamine)PbBr4 (1‐R/S), exhibit above room‐temperature (RT) polar‐phase transition, which greatly regulates the gIph value. The gIph of 1‐R is 0.04 in high‐temperature phase chiral non‐polar (P212121) by applying 5 V bias, interestingly, with the temperature decrease, the gIph value in low‐temperature phase chiral polar (P21) gradually increases (0.22@360K, 0.40@340K, 0.47@320K), and finally reaches a maximum of 0.5 at RT. Such value is not only the highest among 2D CHPs to date, but presents a 12.5‐fold amplification compared with 0.04. Further, this rare phenomenon should be attributed to the built‐in electric field induced by the polar photovoltaic effect, which sheds light on further obtaining CHPs with large gIph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction is a prospective pathway to solve energy and environmental problems. Slow charge migration and insufficient active sites are pivotal obstacles to inhibit efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Herein, cobalt–tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (CoTCPP)/Bi12O17Br2 photocatalysts are successfully assembled by interfacial bridge Bi–O bonds between CoTCPP and Bi12O17Br2. The rearranged strong coupling interface in CoTCPP/Bi12O17Br2 enhances carrier polarization, allowing photoelectrons to directionally transfer and to aggregate at Co atoms. This polarization strategy facilitates rapid charge transportation and efficient CO2 activation, resulting in an improvement in CO2 photoreduction ability. After 5 h irradiation, the 0.2 wt% CoTCPP/Bi12O17Br2 exhibits a significantly enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction with a CO yield of 369.55 μmol g−1 (3.73 times that of Bi12O17Br2), achieving 100% product selectivity. In this work, an insight is provided for constructing efficient charge‐transfer structure through interfacial polarization strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disrupting the symmetrical electron distribution of single‐atomic Fe sites is proposed as an effective strategy for improving the intrinsic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein asymmetric N, P‐coordinated single‐atomic Fe sites with Fe2P nanoclusters/nanoparticles on porous carbon nanosheets (FePNC) are constructed by a soft‐template self‐sacrificing pyrolysis. The synchrotron X‐ray absorption spectroscopy confirms the coexistence of FeN3P1 moieties by the coordination of Fe atom with three nitrogen atoms and one phosphorus atom, and a small amount of Fe2P nanoclusters/nanoparticles. Benefiting from the unique asymmetric electronic and geometric configurations, the resultant FePNC catalyst exhibits excellent ORR activity with half‐wave potential of 0.76 V (0.5 m H2SO4) and 0.90 V (0.1 m KOH), and good Zn–air battery performance. Theoretical analysis reveals that the synergistic effect of P coordination and Fe2P nanoclusters induces asymmetrical electron redistribution of single‐atomic Fe sites and thus optimize the absorption strength toward the ORR intermediates, which contribute to the improved ORR activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducing sulfur functionalities is reported as an efficacious route to regulate the electron distribution of single‐atomic Fe sites for improving the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, however, it remains controversial about the role of type of sulfur functionalities in enhancing the ORR activity. Herein, this study revisits the role of sulfur functionalities in regulating the electron distribution of single‐atomic Fe sites by the construction of single‐atomic Fe‐N4 sites with sulfur functionalities (FeSNC) using sulfur‐containing molecules with different molecular structures. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and theoretical calculations confirm that thiophene S and oxidized S both possess the electron‐donating properties for regulating the electronic distribution of Fe‐N4 sites, which is beneficial to weaken the adsorption of the ORR intermediates. As expected, the optimal FeSNC has attractive ORR activity with half‐potential of 0.76 V in 0.5 m H2SO4 and 0.91 V in 0.1 m KOH along with remarkable Zn‐air battery performance. Moreover, the developed synthetic method has also been extended to construct B and P regulated FeNC catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermodynamically favorable electrooxidation of organics coupled with hydrogen production as an alternative to overall water splitting is rapidly developing due to low energy consumption and high value. But understanding the relationship between catalyst reconstruction and performance in depth remains a challenge. Herein, DFT calculations are used as a theoretical guide to adjust the local coordination environment and electronic structure of Ni3S2 by Fe doping, which promotes the self‐reconstruction of catalyst and nitrile evolution reaction performance. The overall reaction of benzylamine electrooxidation coupled with hydrogen production achieves a 14.5‐fold improvement in hydrogen production compared to water electrolysis at the same potential, almost completely converting benzylamine to high‐value benzonitrile (99% product yield). In situ spectroscopy and X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy demonstrate that the excellent electrocatalytic performance due to Fe doping induces surface self‐reconstruction of Ni3S2 to NiOOH at low potential, and significantly reduces the rate‐determining step energy barriers for CN bonds to CN bonds. This work provides theoretical guidance in designing and preparing efficient catalysts for the electrosynthesis of nitrile compounds coupled with hydrogen production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Broadband photodetectors (PDs) with low detection limits hold significant importance to next‐generation optoelectronic devices. However, simultaneously detecting broadband (i.e., X‐ray to visible regimes) and weak lights in a single semiconducting material remains highly challenging. Here, by alloying iodine‐substituted short‐chain cations into the 3D FAPbI3 (FA = formamidine), a new 2D bilayered lead iodide hybrid perovskite, (2IPA)2FAPb2I7 (1, 2IPA = 2‐iodopropylammonium), that enables addressing this challenge is reported. Such a 2D multilayered structure and lead iodide composition jointly endow 1 with a minimized dark current (6.04 pA), excellent electrical property, and narrow bandgap (2.03 eV), which further gives it great potential for detecting broadband weak lights. Consequently, its high‐quality single crystal PDs exhibit remarkable photoresponses to weak ultraviolet–visible lights (377–637 nm) at several tens of nW cm−2 with high responsivities (>102 mA W−1) and significant detectivities (>1012 Jones). Moreover, 1 has an excellent X‐ray detection performance with a high sensitivity of 438 µC Gy−1 cm−2 and an ultralow detection limit of 20 nGy s−1. These exceptional attributes make 1 a promising material for broadband weak lights detection, which also sheds light on future explorations of high‐performance PDs based on 2D hybrid perovskites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) electron transport layer (ETL) has been widely employed to fabricate high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). It has been reported that carbon quantum dots (CQDs) can be used to enhance electron mobility of SnO2. However, an in‐depth understanding of the driving force in this process is still lacking. Here, a high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF‐STEM) is employed, for the first time, to reveal the SnO2 crystal face changes with one new type of CQD doping. Synchrotron‐based grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) can penetrate the flexible substrate to detect the buried region of the perovskite layer, showing the crystallinity and phase purity of the perovskite are significantly improved with CQD‐modified SnO2. The flexible n‐i‐p PSCs delivers a power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 23.57% (22.75%, certificated), which is one of the highest values for single‐junction n‐i‐p flexible PSCs. The corresponding n‐i‐p flexible modules achieve a PCE of 17.79% with aperture area ~ 24 cm2. Furthermore, the flexible PSCs show excellent stability, preserving ≈95% of their initial efficiency after 1200 h under 40% relative humidity and 1‐sun light irradiation at 25 °C, and maintained > 90% of initial efficiency after 2500 bending cycles at a bending radius of 6 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphorus (P) is typically associated with iron (Fe) hydroxides in paddy soils. Our study investigated the impact of different fertilization treatments on the availability of P regulated by Fe redox transformation in a rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system in the mid‐low reaches of the Yangtze River. Five fertilization treatments were examined: control (CK), chemical fertilizer (CF), 35% CF (P) plus pig manure compost (CFM), 100% CF (P) plus straw (CFS), and 35% CF (P) plus pig manure compost and straw (CFMS). Nine‐year rice–wheat rotations increased the oxalate‐extractable poorly crystalline Fe hydroxides (i.e., Feo) by 33%–87% compared with the initial soil, while fertilization further accelerated this process. Compost application increased the proportion of labile P by 75%–108% and decreased the proportion of non‐labile P by 14%–22% compared with the single chemical fertilization treatment. Furthermore, organic fertilization increased the mass proportions of macroaggregates and macroaggregate‐associated labile P. The Feo was positively correlated with the content of labile P but negatively correlated with the proportion of non‐labile P. Moreover, the reductive dissolution of Fe hydroxides was accompanied by the transformation of P from NaOH‐extractable to NaHCO3‐ and H2O‐extractable phases. These results indicate that seasonal alternation of drying and wetting can progressively drive the redox transformation of Fe hydroxides and promote the formation of Feo, thereby affecting the availability of P. Therefore, we suggested that P fertilizer should be reduced in the rice season due to the reduction of Fe hydroxides, particularly in the compost‐amended soils in the temperate rice–wheat cropping system. Core Ideas: Fertilization accelerated the poorly crystalline iron hydroxide formation.Organic fertilization enhanced the availability of phosphorus.Poorly crystalline iron hydroxide formation contributed to the increase in phosphorus availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electron‐transport layer (ETL) of n–i–p‐structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays vital important roles determining their photovoltaic performance. It is known that the ETL lying underneath can affect the crystallization process of the upper perovskite layer. Furthermore, the buried interface between ETL and perovskite is usually the place where severe non‐radiative recombination happens. Herein, MXene (Ti3C2)‐modified TiO2 (TiO2:MXene) is demonstrated as an excellent ETL for high‐performance PSCs. The FAPbI3‐based and MAPbI3‐based cells with TiO2:MXene achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 24.63% and 20.1%, respectively. Importantly, the target cell shows superior stability and device consistency. The target devices keep ≈98% of their initial PCE after 7 weeks stored in an ambient environment with 40%–60% relative humidity at 25 °C, whereas the PCE of the reference cell declined to ≈90% of its initial value under the same test conditions. It is found that the perovskite film on TiO2:MXene ETL has excellent crystallinity and structural uniformity. For the first time, grazing‐incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering technique is employed to probe the structural information of complete PSC devices on a large scale, providing new possibilities of characterizing large‐size PSC modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D chiral hybrid perovskites have recently emerged as outstanding semiconductor materials. However, most of the reported 2D chiral perovskites have limited structural types and contain high levels of toxic lead, which severely hinders their further applications. Herein, by using a mixed‐cation strategy, an unprecedented type of lead‐free cluster‐based 2D chiral hybrid double perovskite derivatives are successfully obtained, [(R/S‐PPA)4(IPA)6Ag2Bi4I24]·2H2O (1‐R and 1‐S), and [(R/S‐PPA)4(n‐BA)6Ag2Bi4I24]·2H2O (2‐R and 2‐S) (R/S‐PPA=R/S–1‐phenylpropylamine; IPA=isopentylamine; n‐BA=n‐butylamine). Their inorganic skeletons are linked by binuclear {Bi2I10} and infinite chain {Ag2Bi2I14}∞, in which bismuth clusters and multiple coordination modes (e.g., tetrahedral AgI4 and octahedral AgI6) are introduced into the double perovskite system for the first time. This introduction induces distortion of the inorganic layer, which may facilitate the transfer of chirality from the chiral cations into achiral double perovskite skeletons. Further, circular dichroism measurements and circularly polarized light detection confirm their inherent chiral optical activities. In addition, 1‐S exhibits an ultralow X‐ray detection limit of 129.5 nGy s−1, which is 42‐fold lower than that of demands in regular medical diagnosis (5.5 µGy s−1). This study provides a pathway to construct novel type of lead‐free cluster‐based double perovskite derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrogenolysis can produce benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX), where the selectivity control is challenging. We report a reaction pathway dictated by the Ru coordination environment by examining the binding geometries of adsorbates on differently coordinated Ru centers and their evolution during PET hydrogenolysis. A BTX yield of 77 % was obtained using a Ru/TiO2 with a Ru coordination number of ca. 5.0 where edge/corner sites are dominant, while more gas and saturated products were formed for Ru/TiO2 containing primarily terrace sites. Density functional theory and isotopic labelling revealed that under‐coordinated Ru edge sites favor "upright" adsorption of aromatic adsorbates while well‐coordinated Ru sites favor "flat‐lying" adsorption, where the former mitigates ring hydrogenation and opening. This study demonstrates that reaction pathways can be directed through controlled reactant/intermediate binding via tuning of the Ru coordination environment for efficient conversion of PET to BTX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethylene (C2H4) is a major chemical for the modern society, and new technologies for its production are of strategic importance globally. Recently, oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (C2H6) using CO2 as a milder oxidant (CO2‐ODH) is proposed as a potential way for C2H4 production, and development of effective catalysts for the process is drawing wide attention. Here, we report on a facilely prepared ZSM‐5 supported Zn system, i. e., ZnZSM‐5, which showed great promise in CO2‐ODH. Samples with different Zn loadings were prepared and evaluated, and the highest performance was obtained over 0.05ZnZSM‐5 at 700 °C and a CO2:C2H6 feeding ratio of 5 : 1. During 340 min TOS, the C2H6 conversion decreased moderately from 36.2 % to 23.1 %, and the C2H4 yield stabilized at 21.9 % to 27.9 %. Based on systematic characterization and investigation of reaction conditions, the structure‐performance relationship and reaction network were discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites carry unique semiconducting properties and advanced flexible crystal structures. These characteristics of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites create a promising candidacy for circularly polarized light (CPL) detection. However, CPL detections based on chiral perovskites are limited to UV and visible wavelengths. The natural quantum well structures of layered hybrid perovskites generate strong light–matter interactions. This makes it possible to achieve near‐infrared (NIR) CPL detection via two‐photon absorption in the sub‐wavelength region. In this study, cooperative strategies of dimension increase and mixed spacer cations are used to obtain a pair of chiral multilayered perovskites (R‐β‐MPA)EA2Pb2Br7 and (S‐β‐MPA)EA2Pb2Br7 (MPA = methylphenethylammonium and EA = ethylammonium). The distinctive bi‐cations interlayer and multilayered inorganic skeletons provide enhanced photoconduction. Moreover, superior photoconduction leads to the prominent NIR CPL response with a responsivity up to 8.1 × 10−5 A W−1. It is anticipated that this work can serve as a benchmark for the fabrication and optimization of efficient NIR CPL detection by simple chemical design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different from the previous study that biomass derivatives replace water oxidation for enhancing hydrogen production, we found that mild oxidation was more conductive to cathodic hydrogen production. In this study, maximum Faradaic efficiency (>99 %) and lower energy consumption for hydrogen production was achieved by precisely controlling the two‐electron mild electrochemical oxidation of tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) to dihydroisoquinolines (DHIQs) in place of the four‐electron deep oxidation to isoquinolines (IQs). Moreover, the high value‐added DHIQs were prepared from THIQs with high selectivity (>99 %) at the low potential of 1.36 V. Operando electrochemical Raman and density functional theory proved that the high selectivity was attributed to the regulable active species of NiOOH induced by the interaction of Co and Fe for preferentially breaking C−H bond rather than N−H of THIQs. This novel method provides important insight into efficient biomass‐assisted hydrogen production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exceptional photophysical properties of 3D organic–inorganic lead halide hybrids (OILHs) endow their significant potential for usage in optoelectronics, which has sparked intense research on novel 3D OILHs and associated applications. However, constructing new 3D OILHs based on large organic cations suffers from tough challenges due to the limitation of the Goldschmidt tolerance factor rule, let alone further explorations of their practical applications. Herein, a brand‐new 3D lead chloride hybrid, (1MPZ)Pb4Cl10·H2O (1, 1MPZ = 1‐methylpiperazine) is reported, featuring a dense 3D lead chloride framework made of the corner‐, edge‐, and face‐shared lead chloride polyhedra. 1 presents a broadband white light emission with a large Stokes shift and a nanosecond photoluminescence lifetime, which originates from radiative recombination of self‐trapped excitons (STEs) induced by the highly distorted structure. Such a reabsorption‐free and fast‐decayed STEs emission coupling with the dense 3D architecture further enables 1 with effective X‐ray scintillation with good sensitivity. Impressively, 1 also shows superior environmental and radiation stability. This study provides a new 3D OILH with appealing luminescence, not only expanding the 3D OILH family but also inspiring the exploitation of their optoelectronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a case of sporotrichosis, a chronic fungal infection, in a 56-year-old male patient. The patient presented with erythema and nodules on the right side of his face, and dermoscopy revealed the presence of the "blackish-red dot sign." The diagnosis was confirmed through mycological examination, and treatment with oral itraconazole led to complete healing. The article suggests that further research is needed to explore the potential of the "blackish-red dot sign" as a diagnostic clue and to evaluate its effectiveness in treatment evaluation. The study was supported by funding from West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the National Key Research and Development Program of China. [Extracted from the article]

The regulation of electron distribution of single‐atomic metal sites by atomic clusters is an effective strategy to boost their intrinsic activity of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein we report the construction of single‐atomic Mn sites decorated with atomic clusters by an innovative combination of post‐adsorption and secondary pyrolysis. The X‐ray absorption spectroscopy confirms the formation of Mn sites via Mn‐N4 coordination bonding to FeMn atomic clusters (FeMnac/Mn‐N4C), which has been demonstrated theoretically to be conducive to the adsorption of molecular O2 and the break of O−O bond during the ORR process. Benefiting from the structural features above, the FeMnac/Mn‐N4C catalyst exhibits excellent ORR activity with half‐wave potential of 0.79 V in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 0.90 V in 0.1 M KOH as well as preeminent Zn‐air battery performance. Such synthetic strategy may open up a route to construct highly active catalysts with tunable atomic structures for diverse applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has recently caught increasing attention owing to its widespread applications from 3D display to quantum‐based optical computation. Among various CPL‐active materials, low‐dimensional hybrid perovskites have risen to prominence, benefiting from their excellent structural flexibility and optoelectronic properties. However, the exploration of hybrid perovskites with white‐CPL remains a challenge and most of them suffer from moisture instability. Here, a pair of moisture‐resistant 1D hybrid perovskites, (R‐C5H14N2)PbBr4·H2O (1R) and (S‐C5H14N2)PbBr4·H2O (2S), are reported in which [PbBr42−]∞ double chains are surrounded by chiral cations and water molecules forming the bulk assembled quantum‐helix structures. The strong quantum confinement in these unique structures facilitates exciton self‐trapping, which further synergizes the effect of chiral cations, endowing 1R and 2S with opposite broadband yellowish white‐CPL with a luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) of 1.8 × 10−3 and a color rendering index up to 81. Notably, the dehydrated 1R can be recovered in humid air (60% relative humidity) within a few minutes via reabsorption of water molecules, exhibiting excellent moisture resistance, which is much better than most reported hybrid perovskites. A new path is paved here to further exploration of moisture‐resistant CPL‐active materials for multifunctional applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mixed‐cation 3D lead bromide hybrid perovskite (NMDAP)2FAPb4Br13 (1, NMDAP2+ = N‐methyl‐1,3‐diaminopropanium, FA+ = formamidinium) is tailored by incorporating the large NMDAP2+ cation with the small FA+ ion into 3D FAPbBr3. Structurally, the small FA+ ions occupy the prototypical cavities formed by distorted corner‐sharing PbBr6 octahedra as in FAPbBr3, while the bulky NMDAP2+ ions are confined to the expanded lattice which is defined by a new structural motif composed of eight corner‐sharing PbBr6 octahedra and four edge‐sharing octahedra. This localized lattice expansion from FAPbBr3 creates a new branch of the intriguing 3D hybrid perovskite family, breaking the limits of the conventional Goldschmidt tolerance factor rule. Moreover, a high two‐photon absorption (2AP) coefficient of 60.8 cm MW−1 was demonstrated to near‐infrared (NIR) 800 nm illumination, enabling sensitive NIR photoresponses with large on/off ratio (≈104) as well as favorable stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GLO:1X5/01nov22:all15470-fig-0001.jpg PHOTO (COLOR): 1 cDC1 depletion elevates memory potential of primed CD4+T cells to generate memory Th2 cells. Long-lived type 2 CD4 SP + sp T helper (Th2) memory cells are critical for persistence and relapses of allergic asthma; however, their generation remains poorly understood.1 Type 1 (cDC1) and type 2 (cDC2) conventional dendritic cells play distinct roles in CD8 SP + sp T memory (T SB M sb ) cell generation and Th2 functional polarization,2-4 and we wondered whether they could play a role in fate decision of memory Th2 cells during allergen exposure. Murine lung cDC1s inhibit memory Th2 cell generation by reducing CD62L+ memory precursors via IL-12. [Extracted from the article]

Acute scalp edema is very rare, and diseases such as subgaleal hemorrhage, solar urticaria, and angioedema may present with acute generalized or localized scalp edema. Sunburn is common, but the acute sunburn occurred on the head may present very differently to other parts of the body due to the unique anatomical structure of the head and gravitational effect on fluids. [Extracted from the article]

Solar‐driven selective oxygen reduction reaction on polymeric carbon nitride framework is one of the most promising approaches toward sustainable H2O2 production. Potassium poly(heptazine imide) (PHI), with regular metal sites in the framework and favorable crystalline structure, is highly active for photocatalytic selective 2e oxygen reduction to produce H2O2. By introducing NH4Cl into the eutectic KCl‐LiCl salt mixture, the PHI framework exhibits a remarkable performance for photocatalytic production of H2O2, for example, a record high H2O2 photo‐production rate of 29.5 μmol h−1 mg−1. The efficient photocatalytic performance is attributed to the favorable properties of the new PHI framework, such as improved porosity, negatively shifted LUMO position, enhanced exciton dissociation and charges migration properties. A mechanistic investigation by quenching and electron spin resonance technique reveals the critical role of superoxide radicals for the formation singlet oxygen, and the singlet oxygen is one of the critical intermediates towards the formation of the H2O2 by proton extraction from the ethanol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiral hybrid perovskites are recently considered for circularly polarized light (CPL) detection owing to the integration of chiral activity and prominent photoelectric characteristics. However, chiral hybrid perovskites are limited because of the restricted chiral cations; efficient self‐driven CPL detection without external power sources required for halide perovskite photodetectors is desirable but remains scarce. Herein, two alternating cations in the interlayer space of chiral‐polar hybrid perovskites, (R‐β‐MPA)EAPbBr4 and (S‐β‐MPA)EAPbBr4 (MPA = methylphenethylammonium and EA = ethylammonium), are developed via a mixed‐cation approach. These perovskites exhibit chiral characteristics featuring CPL detection with high detectivity. Notably, the chiral‐polar structure gives rise to a built‐in electric field to realize self‐driven CPL detection without an applied voltage, and the photocurrent difference reaches 19% under the right and left CPL irradiation. Moreover, a prominent response time of 300 µs is obtained, which is among the fastest for CPL detection. This work highlights the significance of chemical design in the exploration of new chiral perovskites, which will broaden the scope of chiral materials for high‐performance applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anaeromyxobacter spp. are prevalent and can make important contribution to microbial Fe(III) reduction in flooded paddy soils, which could be greatly regulated by exogenous organic C input. In this study, dynamics in the abundance and structure of metabolically active Anaeromyxobacter community based on RNA level were investigated by a 40‐d anaerobic incubation of paddy soils amended with glucose at 0.1 and 0.5 mol C kg−1 soil, respectively. Compared with the control treatment, glucose additions generally showed obvious inhibitory effect on the Anaeromyxobacter growth; glucose addition at low concentration decreased the abundance of Anaeromyxobacter by 3.56 × 106 to 4.06 × 107 copies g–1 soil within the first 5 d of incubation, whereas a remarkable decrease by 4.54 × 106 to 7.71 × 107 copies g–1 soil occurred after paddy soils were amended with high glucose concentration. Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans‐like OTU_1 (where OTU stands for operational taxonomic unit) was dominant in the metabolically active Anaeromyxobacter community and showed significant and positive relationship with Fe(III) reduction process. The structure of Anaeromyxobacter community was greatly altered by glucose additions, and divergences mainly occurred after 5 d of incubation. Additionally, glucose additions could enhance interactions within the Anaeromyxobacter community, especially for positive correlations. In general, glucose addition could greatly inhibit the abundance and alter the structure of Anaeromyxobacter community by jointly decreasing soil pH; however, it could promote the final Fe(III) reduction by enhancing the utilization of Anaeromyxobacter to crystalline Fe oxide. Core Ideas: The Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans‐like group was dominant in the Anaeromyxobacter community.The growth of Anaeromyxobacter was generally inhibited by glucose addition.Glucose addition greatly altered the community structure of Anaeromyxobacter.Glucose addition could enhance interactions within the Anaeromyxobacter community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cucurbitacin E (CuE) shows potential to handle airway remodelling. In the current study, the effects of CuE on nicotine‐induced airway remodelling were explored by focussing on its interaction with let‐7c‐5p/NGF axis. The potential microRNA (miR) as the therapeutic target for CuE treatment was determined using a microarray assay. Changes in viability, inflammation and let‐7c‐5p/NGF pathway in nicotine‐treated bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) were detected under CuE treatment (5 μM). The pathways were manipulated with let‐7c‐5p inhibitor. Mice were subjected to nicotine treatment and handled with CuE. Changes in pulmonary function and structure were detected. Based on the microarray data, let‐7c‐5p was selected as the therapeutic target. Viability and inflammation of BECs were induced by nicotine and then restored by CuE. At molecular level, nicotine suppressed let‐7c‐5p while induced NGF, FN1 and COLIA levels. The effects of CuE were counteracted by let‐7c‐5p inhibition. In a mouse model, nicotine impaired the function and structure of lung, which was attenuated by CuE and then re‐impaired by let‐7c‐5p antagomir. Collectively, CuE protected against nicotine‐induced airway remodelling and partially depended on the induction of let‐7c‐5p; our future work would pay more attention to other downstream effectors of the miR to promote the treatment of nicotine‐induced pulmonary disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ferroelectric materials, particularly the emerging layered hybrid ferroelectrics, have shown great potential for high‐sensitive polarization photodetection owing to their striking bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE). Despite recent great achievements, the linear photoresponse range based on single‐mode BPVE is still limited in the shortwave region due to the large intrinsic bandgaps. Herein, first, the realization of self‐powered visible–infrared polarization photodetection by exploiting dual‐modal BPVE in a newly developed layered Dion–Jacobson (D‐J) hybrid ferroelectric (BDA)(EA)2Pb3Br10 (1, BDA is 1,4‐butadiammonium, EA is ethylammonium) is reported. Crystallographic investigations indicate that 1 adopts a typical trilayered D‐J perovskite structure with a fascinating ferroelectric feature and a giant two‐photon absorption coefficient as giant as 4.73 cm MW–1. Meanwhile, the bulk single crystal device of 1 exhibits excellent self‐powered direct detection performance under both visible light (405 nm) and near‐infrared light (800 nm), with a current on/off ratio as high as 103. More intriguingly, the device displays high sensitivity to the polarization of illuminated light, showing a considerable anisotropy up to 4.2 (405 nm) and 4.8 (800 nm), which are much larger than the detectors achieved by geometry anisotropy. The realization of self‐powered visible‐infrared dual‐modal polarization photodetection in 1 indicates the tremendous potential of hybrid ferroelectrics in various optoelectronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MreC is a scaffold protein required for cell shape determination through interactions with proteins related to cell wall synthesis. Here, we determined the crystal structure of the major periplasmic part of MreC from Escherichia coli at 2.1 Å resolution. The periplasmic part of MreC contains a coiled‐coil domain and two six‐stranded barrel domains. The coiled‐coil domain is essential for dimer formation, and the two monomers are prone to relative motion that is related to the small interface of β‐barrel domains. In addition, MreC forms an antiparallel filament‐like structure along the coiled‐coil direction, which is different from the helical array structure in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our structure deepens our understanding of polymer formation of MreC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the value of multitime point salivary pepsin testing (MTPSPT) for the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Study Design: Prospective noncontrolled. Methods: For patients who met the enrollment criteria, the reflux symptom index (RSI) and reflux finding score (RFS) were calculated and salivary pepsin testing was performed. The pepsin test was performed every hour from 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. by collecting fresh saliva samples. A single positive test result was needed for the diagnosis of LPR. The consistency in the diagnosis of LPR between the two methods was compared with the weighted Cohen's kappa statistic. Results: A total of 204 patients were included. The kappa value between the two methods was 0.566 (p =.00). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MTPSPT were 76.43%, 85.94%, 92.24%, and 62.5%, respectively. We also compared a single pepsin measure at 7 a.m. with the screening results based on the RSI and RFS, and found a much lower kappa agreement value (0.223, p =.00). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and false‐negative rate of pepsin testing at 7 a.m. (fasting) were 37.86%, 92.18%, 91.38%, 40.41%, and 58.57%, respectively. Conclusion: The use of the result of a single salivary pepsin test in the morning yields a relatively higher rate of missed diagnosis of LPR, and multitime point testing through a day increased the accuracy and sensitivity of detection of LPR twofold compared to a single morning fasting sample. Level of Evidence: 3 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper focused on how a third party's social status affects third‐party intervention to maintain social fairness. Study 1 adopted a quasi‐experimental design. Selecting high and low‐status members of real social groups, we observed that high‐status individuals intervened more forcibly and more frequently when assessing the fairness of players' behavior in a dictator game (DG). The manifestation of social status is generally divided into power and economic capital. In Study 2a, using the same DG punishment–compensation paradigm we randomly assigned the third party in the lab to high, medium, and low impact conditions, where their actions had relative multiplier effects on the resources retained by dictators and recipients. This tested whether the power to influence the situation would systematically affect third party's behavior. We found that greater influence predicted increased interventions. Study 2b investigated the influence of economic capital or intrinsic wealth on a third party's altruistic behavior by varying how much capital the third party had at their disposal to spend on punishment or recompensing. Having high capital predicted an increase in the size of penalty inflicted or compensation offered, but resource abundance had no effect on the likelihood that the third party would intervene. In conclusion, the paper showed that the social status of the third party truly does affect their altruistic interventions and the impact of social status on altruistic behaviors for maintaining fairness by the third party occurred primarily through the third parties' perception of their power. Furthermore, the influence of gain and loss contexts and social status on third‐party punishment and compensation were independent of each other. This paper provided a new perspective for third‐party altruistic behaviors and help to clarify the view of social fairness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The nuclear proliferation biomarker Ki67 plays potential prognostic and predictive roles in breast cancer treatment. However, the lack of interpathologist consistency in Ki67 assessment limits the clinical use of Ki67. The aim of this article was to report a solution utilising an artificial intelligence (AI)‐empowered microscope to improve Ki67 scoring concordance. Methods and results: We developed an AI‐empowered microscope in which the conventional microscope was equipped with AI algorithms, and AI results were provided to pathologists in real time through augmented reality. We recruited 30 pathologists with various experience levels from five institutes to assess the Ki67 labelling index on 100 Ki67‐stained slides from invasive breast cancer patients. In the first round, pathologists conducted visual assessment on a conventional microscope; in the second round, they were assisted with reference cards; and in the third round, they were assisted with an AI‐empowered microscope. Experienced pathologists had better reproducibility and accuracy [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.864, mean error = 8.25%] than inexperienced pathologists (ICC = 0.807, mean error = 11.0%) in visual assessment. Moreover, with reference cards, inexperienced pathologists (ICC = 0.836, mean error = 10.7%) and experienced pathologists (ICC = 0.875, mean error = 7.56%) improved their reproducibility and accuracy. Finally, both experienced pathologists (ICC = 0.937, mean error = 4.36%) and inexperienced pathologists (ICC = 0.923, mean error = 4.71%) improved the reproducibility and accuracy significantly with the AI‐empowered microscope. Conclusion: The AI‐empowered microscope allows seamless integration of the AI solution into the clinical workflow, and helps pathologists to obtain higher consistency and accuracy for Ki67 assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Halide hybrid perovskites are attracting considerable attention as highly promising candidates for directly sensing X‐ray radiation, but it is challenging to realize passive X‐ray detection without an external power supply. However, the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) in ferroelectrics promotes the independent separation of photoexcited carriers. Herein, by dimensionality reconstruction of a pure‐two‐dimensional (P‐2D) monolayered perovskite (CH3OC3H9N)2PbBr4, we obtained a quasi‐two‐dimensional (Q‐2D) ferroelectric (CH3OC3H9N)2CsPb2Br7. Converting P‐2D into Q‐2D perovskite stimulates a significant BPVE associated with robust ferroelectricity, as well as an enhanced mobility lifetime product. These features show the potential of the first passive X‐ray detector based on ferroelectrics with an impressive sensitivity up to 410 μC Gy−1 cm−2 at zero bias, which is even superior to the value of the state‐of‐the‐art α‐Se detector operated at relatively high bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interpretation of stock price synchronicity in relation to price informativeness is controversial in the literature. We examine how firm‐specific variation relates to the quality of a firm's information environment by considering two auditor characteristics—audit firm size and audit firm tenure. Using a sample of U.S. listed firms from 2000 to 2018, we find that Big N audits and longer audit firm tenure are associated with higher stock price synchronicity and lower idiosyncratic risk. Our findings suggest that firm‐specific variation captures noise rather than firm‐specific news, supporting the emerging view that stock price synchronicity is a direct measure of price informativeness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural engineering and creating atomic disorder in electrodes are promising strategies for highly efficient and rapid charge storage in advanced batteries. Herein, a nanohybrid architecture is presented with amorphous vanadium oxide conformally coated on layered V2C MXene (a‐VOx/V2C) via tunable anodic oxidation, which exhibits a high reversible capacity of 307 mAh g–1 at 50 mA g–1, decent rate capability with capacity up to 96 mAh g–1 at 2000 mA g–1, and good cycling stability as a cathode for sodium‐ion batteries. The a‐VOx layer enables reversible and fast Na+ insertion/extraction by providing sufficient vacancies and open pathways in the amorphous framework, unlike the irreversible phase transition in its crystalline counterpart, while layered V2C MXene offers abundant electron/ion transfer channels, which are joined together to boost the electrochemical performance. Notably the improved reversibility and structural superiority of the a‐VOx/V2C nanohybrid are clearly revealed by in situ Raman, in situ transmission electron microscopy, in situ synchrotron X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations, demonstrating a reversible V–O vibration and valence oscillation between V4+ and V5+ in the disordered framework, with robust structural stability and unobstructed Na+ diffusion. This work provides a meaningful reference for the elaborate design of MXene‐based nanostructured electrodes toward advanced rechargeable batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is indispensable for many biological processes, including embryonic development, cell cycle, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling can promote tumorigenicity and enhance metastatic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting this pathway is a new opportunity for precise medicine for HCC. However, inhibiting Wnt/β‐catenin signaling alone is unlikely to significantly improve HCC patient outcome due to the lack of specific inhibitors and the complexity of this pathway. Combination with other therapies will be an important next step in improving the efficacy of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling inhibitors. Protein kinases play a key and evolutionarily conserved role in the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling and have become one of the most important drug targets in cancer. Targeting Wnt/β‐catenin signaling and its regulatory kinase together will be a promising HCC management strategy. In this review, we summarize the kinases that modulate the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in HCC and briefly discuss their molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we list some small molecules that target the kinases and may inhibit Wnt/β‐catenin signaling, to offer new perspectives for preclinical and clinical HCC studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a functional unit‐transmutation strategy, a fatigue‐free layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectric (C6H5CH2NH3)2CsPb2Br7 (BCPB) has been developed, which demonstrates stable spontaneous polarization (Ps) of 6.5 μC cm−2 and high Curie temperature up to 425 K. Meanwhile, BCPB shows splendid bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) properties with noticeable zero‐bias photocurrent density (5 μA cm−2), and high on/off switching ratio of current (over 3×105); these merits even overmatch the most known ferroelectric semiconductor BiFeO3. The unique structure with self‐regulated net electrical charged layers gives rise to the fatigue‐free feature of Ps and BPVE (no significant fatigue after 108 polarity switching cycles), promoting the potential applications of BCPB in photovoltaic non‐volatile memories. This work offers an efficient approach for exploring fatigue‐free semiconducting ferroelectrics as well as excavates their further applications in next‐generation electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorinated completely condensed polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (F‐CC‐POSSs) are widely utilized as surface modifiers for polymeric materials because of their polyhedral and fluorine‐rich structures, which generate polymers with lower surface energies under molecular‐level control. In contrast, their derivatives, fluorinated incompletely condensed or open‐cage POSSs (F‐IC‐POSSs), have similarly intriguing structures, but their utilization for polymer synthesis remains undeveloped. Herein, fluorinated network polymers were prepared based on a 3,3,3‐trifluoropropyl‐substituted IC‐POSSs via hydrosilylation polymerization with isobutyl‐ and phenyl‐substituted IC‐POSS under optimized conditions. In addition to their good thermal stability and tunable refractive indices, these polymers exhibited solution processability and their casting films showed excellent optical transparency, indicating their potential for constructing fluorinated polymers. Their utilization as surface modifiers was examined by addition to poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) films. Intriguingly, modified PMMA films with 2.0 and 0.5 wt% addition showed similar hydrophobicity and surface energies to the films prepared with only fluorinated network polymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal‐halide perovskites are recently emerging as the promising alternative for CPL detection owing to their CPL‐sensitive property induced by chiral organics and efficient charge transport of inorganic frameworks. However, most of these reported chiral perovskites involve high concentrations of toxic Pb which will become the potential bottleneck for their further application. Herein, we successfully developed two lead‐free halide double perovskites, [(R)‐β‐MPA]4AgBiI8 ((R)‐β‐MPA=(R)‐(+)‐β‐methylphenethylammonium, 1‐R), and [(S)‐β‐MPA]4AgBiI8 ((S)‐β‐MPA=(S)‐(−)‐β‐methylphenethylammonium, 1‐S). Circular dichroism measurements reveal that these perovskites exhibit notable chirality induced by organic cations to distinguish different polarization states of CPL photons. Significantly, they present unique chiral polar photovoltaic, and resulting self‐powered CPL detection without an external power source is unprecedentedly achieved. Furthermore, an anisotropy factor up to 0.3 is acquired for the self‐powered CPL detection, reaching the highest value among reported chiral perovskites. This work suggests hybrid double perovskites are promising photoelectronic candidates, and provides a new approach for exploring new "green" circularly polarized light‐sensitive materials with high performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The carbon encapsulation in a pomegranate manner effectively avoids inner‐active pulverization and perfectly provides electronic transmission network during lithiation and delithiation for high performance lithium‐ion batteries. Carbon‐encapsulated homogeneous nanocomposites derived from host–guest inclusion are first realized based on molecular‐level encapsulating of β‐cyclodextrin. On the basis of this unique arrangement, lamellar nanosheet anodes are further prepared using a freeze‐drying method for favoring Li‐ion migration. As results of this design, large reversible capacity, high rate capability, and excellent cycling stability are achieved simultaneously. This host–guest encapsulation at the molecular scale offers a new and effective way for the development of carbon encapsulation electrode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance impacts financial audit fees of U.S. listed firms from 2000 to 2016. We use the CSR performance ratings from the KLD database to measure firms' CSR performance. Using the sum of a firm's CSR strengths and concerns as a measure of a firm's overall involvement in CSR‐related matters, we find that a greater score is associated with higher audit fees. Further, we disaggregate this measure into CSR concerns and CSR strengths and find that both measures are positively related to audit fees. In additional analyses, we find that firms involved in certain CSR initiatives (strengths) as well as controversies (concerns) pay higher audit fees due to increased audit complexity. Our findings suggest that firms' CSR performance is a source of audit complexity, in addition to other sources that have been documented in prior literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]