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Renal cancer is a highlyheterogeneous malignancy characterized by rising global incidence and mortalityrates. The complex interplay and dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways,including von Hippel–Lindau (VHL)/hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF), phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Hippo–yes‐associated protein (YAP), Wnt/ß‐catenin, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c‐Met, contribute to theinitiation and progression of renal cancer. Although surgical resection is thestandard treatment for localized renal cancer, recurrence and metastasiscontinue to pose significant challenges. Advanced renal cancer is associatedwith a poor prognosis, and current therapies, such as targeted agents andimmunotherapies, have limitations. This review presents a comprehensiveoverview of the molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant signaling pathways inrenal cancer, emphasizing their intricate crosstalk and synergisticinteractions. We discuss recent advancements in targeted therapies, includingtyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors.Moreover, we underscore the importance of multiomics approaches and networkanalysis in elucidating the complex regulatory networks governing renal cancerpathogenesis. By integrating cutting‐edge research and clinical insights, this review contributesto the development of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, whichhave the potential to improve risk stratification, precision medicine, andultimately, patient outcomes in renal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predicting the water abundance of coal‐bearing strata is crucial for ensuring mining safety. However, owing to the dispersion and attenuation characteristics caused by pore fluid flow, it is difficult to estimate the water abundance of coal seam roof aquifers using seismic data. To overcome this challenge, we provide the relationship between the frequency‐dependent seismic wave velocity and water saturation based on the Chapman fracture model and the mixing fluid model. We propose a seismic dispersion attribute technique that can use dispersion information as an indicator of water abundance. Numerical experiment results show that the water saturation of the sandstone aquifer is positively correlated with the dispersion attribute. The results of low‐frequency rock physical experiments are roughly consistent with those predicted by the model for the given parameters. Using seismic dispersion attribute inversion and the frequency slice wavelet transform method, we predicted the water abundance of sandstone in the coal seam roof of the Yuwang coal mine in Yunnan Province, China. The predicted sandstone water abundance was compatible with the actual water‐rich scenario observed in well logs and downhole drilling in the study area. Therefore, the method proposed herein has the potential to quantitatively determine the water abundances of sandstone aquifers in coal seam roofs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the feasibility of tribological self‐lubricating over a wide temperature range by doping Si and Sn solid solution components on the A‐sites of Ti3AlC2 to adapt to the severe circumstances. The specimens were sintered at 1450°C for 120 min under a pressure of 30 MPa in a vacuum environment, and their dry sliding tribological capabilities against Al2O3 at temperatures ranging from ambient temperature to 800°C were investigated using a rotational ball‐on‐disk tribo‐tester. The findings demonstrated a constantly decreased friction coefficient of Ti3Al0.8Si0.2Sn0.2C2 throughout the temperature range and admirable antifriction at higher temperatures where wear rates were 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than those at room temperature, which was superior to earlier reported Ti3AlC2. The predominant friction surface self‐adaptability mechanisms after solid solution treatment were determined to be tribo‐oxidation wear and tribo‐chemical reactions that played a vital role by examining the microstructural evolutions and tribo‐chemical phase composition on friction surfaces at various temperatures. The tribo‐oxidation‐induced generated lubricant film consisting of TiO2, Al2O3, SnO2 mixture oxide phases, and aluminosilicates was responsible for the decreased friction coefficient and wear rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Branched‐chain keto‐acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) is the rate‐limiting enzyme of branched‐chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism. In the last six years, BCKDK has been used as a kinase to promote tumor proliferation and metastasis. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a highly vascularized tumor. A high degree of vascularization promotes tumor metastasis. Our objective is to explore the relationship between BCKDK and RCC metastasis and its specific mechanism. In our study, BCKDK is highly expressed in renal clear cell carcinoma and promotes the migration of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Exosomes from ccRCC cells can promote vascular permeability and angiogenesis, especially when BCKDK is overexpressed in ccRCC cells. BCKDK can also augment the miR‐125a‐5p expression in ccRCC cells and derived exosomes, thereby decreasing the downstream target protein VE‐cadherin level, weakening adhesion junction expression, increasing vascular permeability, and promoting angiogenesis in HUVECs. The novel BCKDK/Exosome‐miR‐125a‐5p/VE‐cadherin axis regulates intercellular communication between ccRCC cells and HUVECs. BCKDK plays a critical role in renal cancer metastasis, may be used as a molecular marker of metastatic ccRCC, and even may become a potential target of clinical anti‐vascular therapy for ccRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of the most promising treatments among neutron capture therapies due to its long‐term clinical application and unequivocally obtained success during clinical trials. Boron drug and neutron play an equivalent crucial role in BNCT. Nevertheless, current clinically used l‐boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH) suffer from large uptake dose and low blood to tumor selectivity, and that initiated overwhelm screening of next generation of BNCT agents. Various boron agents, such as small molecules and macro/nano‐vehicles, have been explored with better success. In this featured article, different types of agents are rationally analyzed and compared, and the feasible targets are shared to present a perspective view for the future of BNCT in cancer treatment. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge of a variety of boron compounds, reported recently, for the application of BCNT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a major site of lipid oxidation, and the lipid oxidation products are related to an increased risk of various chronic diseases. In this study, the inhibition capacity of bound‐polyphenol rich insoluble dietary fiber (BP‐IDF) from highland barley (HB) to lipid oxidation was evaluated during simulated GI digestion. RESULTS: We found that the level of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and aldehydes were significantly inhibited when highland barley bound‐polyphenol rich insoluble dietary fiber (HBBP‐IDF) co‐digestion with cooked pork. The lipid oxidation products were more effectively scavenged during simulated gastric digestion, with inhibition of 77.4% for LOOH, 52.3% for malondialdehyde, 46.5% for 4‐hydroxy‐2‐hexenal and 48.7% for 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenel, respectively. The fiber‐bound polyphenols are the principal scavengers of lipid oxidation products. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that HBBP‐IDF could be used as a functional ingredient able to scavenge lipid oxidation products across the GI tract. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal droplet deposition is of fundamental importance in many industrial and manufacturing processes. An in‐depth understanding of the fundamental issues of metal droplet deposition is particularly crucial for developing droplet deposition‐based engineering manufacturing technologies. This review systematically introduces the evolution of metal droplet deposition stages and characteristic behaviors in terms of metal droplet deposition dynamics. The characteristic morphologies of single‐metal droplets after solidification, that is, gas entrapment, ripples, bulging edges, and splashing, are reviewed. The formation mechanisms and influencing factors of different droplet morphologies are summarized. Moreover, the deposition strategy of multiple metal droplets to promote good interfacial bonding is further concluded. Based on these theoretical foundations, three typical engineering manufacturing techniques based on metal droplet deposition, that is, thermal spraying, soldering, and droplet‐based 3D printing, are presented to elucidate further the advantages and potential of metal droplet deposition applied to engineering manufacturing. Finally, some existing problems and future research perspectives are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To adapt to the complex and changeable electromagnetic environment of radar detection, improve the jamming effect on frequency‐agile radar and low probability of intercept radar, and solve the problem of poor jamming effect caused by intra‐pulse jamming lagging behind target radar signal, a Convolutional Neural Network—Deep Neural Network jamming waveform generation method, based on prior global information of radar signal, is presented in this study. This proposed method uses two networks to generate the overall interference waveforms. One Convolutional Neural Network—Deep Neural Network derives prior global radar information from local prior radar information, which is used by the other Convolutional Neural Network—Deep Neural Network to generate interference. In the whole scheme, an algorithm to design the intra‐pulse interference waveform based on the prior global information of the radar signal is proposed. The algorithm can generate the interference waveform samples from the number and area of multiple false targets and the relative peak between multiple false targets and the real target area by the relevant parameters. Then, an evaluation system (Matched filter, Constant False Alarm Rate Detector, and Distance resolution etc.) is established to evaluate the global effect of the designed interference waveforms. Finally, the time‐domain Root Mean Squared Errors is used as the loss function to optimise the training of the network and ultimately achieve the requirement of generating intra‐pulse adaptive interference waveforms based on radar signal fragments. The principle of generating interference waveforms is based on various aspects of the evaluation of the interference effect, which enhances the time domain correlation between multiple false target areas, thereby boosting the interference effect on the radar. The experimental results show that the proposed method based on the Convolutional Neural Network—Deep Neural Network can effectively solve the problem of intra‐pulse interference lag and small effective interference area after the pulse pressure of the interference waveform matching filter. This study offers certain reference significance for the adaptive interference waveform design based on radar prior global information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to design the ratiometric thermometer with high sensitivity is a monumental challenge. If the sensitivity can be superposed like the stack of toy bricks, the temperature‐sensing performances will be significantly improved. To achieve sensitivity superposition, a method of dual‐wavelength (980 and 379 nm) excitation in consideration of the sensitivity of integral form is designed and the sensitivity is expected to be manipulated. Herein, compared with conventional 980 nm single excitation, the increase in Er3+ luminescence with dual‐wavelength excitation is attributed to its downshifting luminescence. Under multiple exciting methods (980, 379 nm, and dual‐wavelength excitation), temperature‐sensing behaviors based on thermally (TCL) and nonthermally (NTCL) coupled levels are investigated in the range of 213–683 K. The maximum of relative sensitivity is 2.19% K−1 (based on NTCL) with dual‐wavelength excitation, which is higher than that both with 980 nm single excitation and based on conventional TCL. These results reveal that this dual‐wavelength excitation strategy is effective to enhance sensitivity for Tm3+/Er3+‐based thermometer, which provide new insights into the design of ratiometric thermometer with high sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a 132–140 GHz power amplifier (PA) array in 0.13‐µm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The four dielectric‐loaded end‐fire antennas are integrated with the PA array on chip. With the absence of the lossy power combining networks at the output, the presented PA array achieves a measured maximal effective isotropic radiated power of 29.7 dBm. The array size is only 6.14 × 2.49 mm2 and consumes 5.16 W from a single 4 V DC supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel algorithm for multi‐subband signal fusion achieves performance superior to traditional all‐pole model, matrix pencil algorithm and deep‐neural‐network (Deep neural network (DNN)). The method uses a deep‐learning autoencoder more fully described as a multi‐subband fusion autoencoder (MSFAE). This autoencoder comprises two parts: a multi‐subband encoder and a full‐band decoder. Full‐band echo distance envelopes are used as training data for the full‐band autoencoder, to obtain the full‐band coding and the full‐band decoder. Then, the multi‐subband echo distance envelopes are used as training data, and the full‐band coding is used as labels, to train the multi‐subband encoder. Finally, the multi‐subband encoder and the full‐band decoder are combined to obtain the MSFAE. The multi‐subband distance envelopes are input to the MSFAE to obtain the full‐band distance envelopes, improving the radar distance resolution and obtaining high‐resolution range profiles. In contrast with the traditional all‐pole model and matrix pencil algorithm, the authors' MSFAE directly processes the information in the frequency domain, avoiding the error of pole estimation in the echo domain. In contrast with DNN, the authors' MSFAE needs only multi‐subband distance envelopes as input, avoiding noise subband redundancy. The experimental results show that the fusion accuracy of MSFAE is higher than the traditional all‐pole model, matrix pencil algorithm and DNN. The MSFAE has superior performance using the fusion method, even at low signal‐to‐noise ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brain‐inspired (neuromorphic) computing that offers lower energy consumption and parallelism (simultaneous processing and memorizing) compared to von Neumann computing provides excellent opportunities in many computational tasks ranging from image recognition to speech processing. To accomplish neuromorphic computing, highly efficient optoelectronic synapses, which can be the building blocks of optoelectronic neuromorphic computers, are necessary. Currently, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), an attractive candidate to develop circuit‐level photonic synapses, provide weak light responses. The inferior photoresponse of CNTs increases the energy consumption of neuromorphic optoelectronic devices. Herein, a method to grow organic–inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) directly on multiwall CNTs (MWCNTs) to increase the photosensitivity of optoelectronic synapses is demonstrated. The new hybrid material synchronizes the high photoresponse of PQDs and the excellent electrical properties of MWCNTs to provide photonic memory under very low light intensity (125 µW cm−2). However, neat MWCNTs do not show any detectable light response at the tested light intensity, as high as 25 mW cm−2. Since the PQDs are grown directly on and in the MWCNTs, the hybrid PQD‐MWCNT provides a new direction for the future MWCNT‐based optoelectronic devices for neuromorphic computing with a potential to break the von Neumann bottleneck. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In urban areas with many buildings, the scatterers located within one pixel can be assumed to be discrete and sparse (m = 0, 1, or 2). When the abrupt motions of sparse scatterers only happen in a single synthetic aperture radar (SAR) acquisition, these motions cannot be calculated using 2‐D or 3‐D frequency spectrum estimation method based on traditional differential Tomography SAR model. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to solve this issue. By compensating a phase factor from the acquisition which has an abrupt motion and then maximizing the 3D Elevation‐Linear motion‐Amplitude of periodic motion spectrum at the scatterers locations, the final abrupt motions of the scatterers could be calculated. For the scatterers simulated, the estimation accuracy of the locations along elevation direction, linear motions velocity, the amplitudes of seasonal periodic motions, the amplitudes of relative scattering values, and the abrupt motions in the last acquisition are shown. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve high accuracy for no‐noise situation. The root‐mean‐square errors of the abrupt motions estimation are also acceptable (about 1–2 mm) when the signal‐to‐noise ratio = 10 and 8 dB. Thus, the estimation accuracy of the proposed algorithm can also fulfill the practical applications requirement. Key Points: The abrupt motions of sparse scatterers in differential tomography SAR imaging could be estimated using the proposed methodThe motions of sparse scatterers include linear motion, seasonal periodic motion, and abrupt motionIn the simulation, the case when the abrupt motion happens at the last acquisition is analyzed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used in the prevention and control of pests in agriculture and forestry, but they can also affect the development of nontarget economic insects. In order to determine the effects of trace acetamiprid on the development of reproductive system of silkworm, we studied the gonad development and endogenous hormone metabolism in silkworms exposed to trace acetamiprid. RESULT: The silkworm showed mild poisoning symptoms after being exposed to trace acetamiprid (0.01 mg L−1). After 96 h of acetamiprid exposure, the body weight of silkworm was decreased by 7.67% and the ovary and fallopian tube were abnormally developed. The egg production in adults was decreased by 197 ± 29, and the egg weight was decreased by 0.52 ± 0.01 mg. Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis showed that the relative expression levels of ovarian development‐related genes Vg, Ovo, Otu, Sxl‐S and Sxl‐L were downregulated by 0.71, 0.77, 0.47, 0.67 and 0.88‐fold, respectively. The transcriptional expression of ecdysone metabolism‐related gene (EcR) in the ovary was downregulated by 0.46‐fold while the expression of juvenile hormone‐related gene (JHBP2) was upregulated by 1.36‐fold. In hemolymph of acetamiprid exposed larvae, the content of ecdysone was reduced whereas the content of juvenile hormone was increased. CONCLUSION: Trace acetamiprid may cause reproductive dysfunction in silkworms through regulating the metabolism of endogenous hormones. Our study provides a reference for elucidating the mechanism of acetamiprid‐induced reproductive disorders in insects. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2,4,6,8,10,12‐Hexanitro‐2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) based polymer bonded explosives (PBXs) were prepared through an aqueous suspension method using cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) or fluorine rubber F2311 as a binder. Then the variation rules of size, mass, surface micro‐topography, mechanical properties, thermal decomposition performance and mechanical sensitivity of the samples were investigated experimentally before and after high temperature (HT), low temperature (LT), high temperature cycle (HTC) and temperature shock (TS) tests, respectively. The results showed that the PBX columns, with the change rates of size and mass less than 1 %, were still at an acceptable level after temperature adaptability tests, and that the surface unevenness of the PBX samples followed the descending order of HT>HTC>LT>TS, which was in a good agreement with the order of mass loss. Moreover, the stability of the samples might be decreased by temperature adaptability tests, among which TS had the largest effect on both HNIW/CAB and HNIW/F2311. And a correlation between mechanical sensitivity and mechanical properties was found out through that the mechanical sensitivity of the PBXs stayed almost unchanged with a slight increase in the tensile strength of the columns after HTC whereas at least one sensitivity was increased markedly with the decline of the tensile strength after HT, LT or TS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel ultra‐small cavity‐backed sector antenna with fractal transmission lines (FTLs) and negative refractive index transmission lines (NRI‐TLs) is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna comprises three parts. The first one is a U‐shaped cavity‐backed antenna composed of a planar double‐sector patch and a U‐shaped backed‐cavity. The other two parts are FTLs and NRI‐TLs, respectively, both of which are used to achieve bandwidth enhancement and size reduction for the U‐shaped cavity‐backed antenna. Although the U‐shaped cavity‐backed antenna and the proposed antenna have the same size of 36 cm × 40 cm × 25 cm, the proposed antenna can operate in a lower frequency band. Due to the introduction of the negative refractive index transmission lines, the overall size reduction is up to 12.3%. With features such as ultra‐small size, moderate bandwidth and good radiation property, the proposed antenna can meet the demanding requirements to the application of UAV airborne system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, we reviewed the advances in ginsenoside biosynthesis and metabolic regulation. To begin with, the application of elicitors in the ginsenoside biosynthesis was discussed. Methyl jasmonate (MJ) and analogues have the best effect on accumulation of ginsenoside compared with other elicitors, and few biotic elicitors are applied in Panax genus plants tissue culture. In addition, so far, more than 40 genes encoding ginsenoside biosynthesis related enzymes have been cloned and identified from Panax genus, such as UDP‐glycosyltransferases (UGT) genes UDPG, UGTAE2, UGT94Q2, UGTPg100, and UGTPg1. However, the downstream pathway of the ginsenoside biosynthesis is still not clear. Moreover, some methods have been used to increase the expression of functional genes and ginsenoside content in the ginsenoside synthesis pathway, including elicitors, overexpression, RNAi, and transcription factors. The ginsenoside biosynthesis pathway should be revealed so that ginsenoside contents can be regulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explored the effects of protein and polysaccharide in Meyerozyma guilliermondii on active compounds in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch adventitious roots. In this study, a responsive protein LSP1 was purified from the Meyerozyma guilliermondii since the excellent induction. The contents of total flavonoids (3.46 mg · g−1), glycyrrhizic acid (0.41 mg · g−1), glycyrrhetinic acid (0.41 mg · g−1), and polysaccharide (94.49 mg · g−1) in adventitious root peaked at LSP1 group, which were 1.6, 3.4, 2.4, 2.0-fold that of control, respectively. Besides, the responsive protein LSP1 significantly activated the defense signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinases and extremely up-regulated the expression of defense-related genes and functional genes involved in glycyrrhizic acid biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports the best culture conditions for roots growth and accumulation of active components by optimizing the parameters. Glycyrrhiza uralensis adventitious roots metabolites were significantly increased after adding Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Meyerozyma guilliermondii. The highest contents of polysaccharide, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, and total flavonoids were obtained in M. guilliermondii group; the content of glycyrrhizic acid was 5.3-fold higher than the control. In control and treatment groups, 12 compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS), among which some new compounds have been detected in elicitor groups including 5,7-dihydroxyflavanone, glycyrrhisoflavanone, licorice saponin J2, uralsaponin B, (3R)-vestitol, and uralenol. Meyerozyma guilliermondii significantly upregulated the expression of the genes such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, geranyl diphosphate synthase, squalene synthase, squalene epoxidase, β-amyrin synthase, and CYP88D6 and CYP72A154. Meanwhile, it increased the biosynthesis of signaling molecules (nitric oxide, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid) in defense mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TKX-50/GO composite was prepared and characterized. The results suggested that the morphology of TKX-50 was improved from tabular crystal to polyhedron after coating with GO. The thermal stability of TKX-50/GO composite was essentially unchanged. Both impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of TKX-50/GO composite was more insensitive than those of TKX-50. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT A novel metamaterial cavity for the isolation enhancement of closely positioned dual-polarized relay antenna arrays is proposed in this paper. The metamaterial cavity is composed of four sets of double-layer complementary meta-surface and metal reflector. Numerical and experimental results show that the isolation level of the same polarization ports for the proposed metamaterial cavity-backed antennas can be improved by at most 10dB over the frequency band of 2.5-2.7 GHz, as well as the isolation of the cross polarization ports. More importantly, the metamaterial cavity-backed antennas keep other good performance such as VSWR < 1.5 and a stable radiation pattern where the metamaterial cavity is loaded. The metamaterial cavity is suitable not only for the common antenna arrays, but also for the separate antenna arrays. The proposed design is easy to integrate with pico-base station antennas, relay antennas and repeater antennas. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:857-862, 2017 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Panax notoginseng, an important herbal medicine, has wide uses for its bioactive compounds and health function. In this work, we compared the content of saponin in cultivation and adventitious root. The total content of saponins in adventitious root (8.48 mg⋅g−1) was found lower than in the native one (3-year-old) (34.34 mg⋅g−1). To enhance the content of bioactive compounds, we applied elicitors jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl dihydrojasmonate (MDJ) to the adventitious root culture. It was observed that the highest total content of saponins (71.94 mg⋅g−1) was achieved after treatment with 5 mg⋅L−1 JA, which was 2.09-fold higher than native roots and 8.45-fold higher than the control group. The findings from high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis showed that six new compounds were present after the treatment with the elicitors. Furthermore, we found that JA and MDJ significantly upregulated the expression of the geranyl diphosphate synthase, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, squalene synthase, squalene epoxidase, dammarenediol synthase, and CYP716A47 and CYP716A53v2 (CYP450 enzyme) genes; downregulated the expression of the cycloartenol synthase gene; and increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT A low profile dual-band dual-polarized patch antenna array for pico-base station is presented in this article. The proposed antenna array uses a stacked configuration composed of three layers of substrates, with circular patches etched on the upper side of the upper substrate and quasi-cross-shaped slotted circular patches etched on the upper side of the middle substrate. A novel feeding network composed of two hybrid couplers and four power dividers is printed on the bottom side of the lower substrate. Simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna array achieves a return loss lower than −14 dB over the dual-frequency band of 1.92-1.98 and 2.11-2.17 GHz. Moreover, stable radiation patterns with a peak gain of 10.7-11.7 dBi is obtained within the operating band. The proposed antenna array is easy to realize shaped beam and can be used for pico-base station antennas. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1594-1600, 2014 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuromorphic Computing: Growing Perovskite Quantum Dots on Carbon Nanotubes for Neuromorphic Optoelectronic Computing (Adv. In article number 2000535, Kaitlyn E. Crawford, Jayan Thomas, and co-workers grow perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) on multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to fabricate two-terminal optoelectronic synapses. Since the PQDs are grown on each MWCNT, this new hybrid material is beneficial for future nanoscale neuromorphic computing and sensing devices. [Extracted from the article]

Perovskite Solar Cells: Predictions and Strategies Learned from Machine Learning to Develop High-Performing Perovskite Solar Cells (Adv. In article number 1901891, Jayan Thomas and co-workers use machine learning (ML) to optimize material composition and predict design strategies and performance of perovskite solar cells. Bandgap prediction, machine learning, perovskite materials, perovskite solar cells. [Extracted from the article]

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently received considerable attention due to the high energy conversion efficiency achieved within a few years of their inception. However, a machine learning (ML) approach to guide the development of high‐performing PSCs is still lacking. In this paper ML is used to optimize material composition, develop design strategies, and predict the performance of PSCs. The ML models are developed using 333 data points selected from about 2000 peer reviewed publications. These models guide the design of new perovskite materials and the development of high‐performing solar cells. Based on ML guidance, new perovskite compositions are experimentally synthesized to test the practicability of the model. The ML model also shows its ability to predict underlying physical phenomena as well as the performance of PSCs. The PSC model matches well with the theoretical prediction by the Shockley and Queisser limit, which is almost impossible for a human to find from an ensemble of data points. Moreover, strategies for developing high‐performing PSCs with different bandgaps are also derived from the model. These findings show that ML is very promising not only for predicting the performance, but also for providing a deeper understanding of the physical phenomena associated with the PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]