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Satellite‐to‐ground quantum communication constitutes the cornerstone of the global quantum network, heralding the advent of the future of quantum information. Continuous‐variable quantum key distribution is a strong candidate for the space‐ground quantum communication due to its simplicity, stability, and ease of implementation, especially for the robustness of space background light noise. Recently, the discrete‐modulated continuous‐variable protocol has garnered increased attention, owing to its lower implementation requirements, acceptable security key rate, and pronounced compatibility with extant infrastructures. Here, key rates are derived for discrete‐modulated continuous‐variable quantum key distribution protocols in free‐space channel environments across various conditions through numerical simulation, revealing the viability of its application in satellite‐to‐ground communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a quantitative framework fabrication method for microtia reconstruction, a condition characterized by underdevelopment of the ear. The technique aims to achieve satisfactory aesthetic results with minimal complications. The study reviewed 525 patients who underwent this procedure, with the majority being male and having lobule-type microtia. The study found that 50.1% of patients obtained excellent reconstructed ears, while 6.8% experienced complications. The authors emphasize the importance of framework integrity, stability, and aesthetics in achieving satisfactory outcomes. The study was supported by the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission. [Extracted from the article]

This paper introduces output feedback distributed optimization algorithms designed specifically for second‐order nonlinear multi‐agent systems. The agents are allowed to have heterogeneous dynamics, characterized by distinct nonlinearities, as long as they satisfy the Lipschitz continuity condition. For the case with unknown states, nonlinear state observers are designed first for each agent to reconstruct agents' unknown states. It is proven that the agents' unknown states are estimated accurately by the developed state observers. Then, based on the agents' state estimates and the gradient of each agent local cost function, a kind of output feedback distributed optimization algorithms are proposed for the considered multi‐agent systems. Under the proposed distributed optimization algorithms, all the agents' outputs asymptotically approach the minimizer of the global cost function which is the sum of all the local cost functions. By using Lyapunov stability theory, convex analysis, and input‐to‐state stability theory, the asymptotical convergence of the output feedback distributed optimization closed‐loop system is proven. Simulations are conducted to validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wearable electronics are garnering growing interest in various emerging fields including intelligent sensors, artificial limbs, and human–machine interfaces. A remaining challenge is to develop multisensory devices that can conformally adhere to the skin even during dynamic‐moving environments. Here, a single electronic tattoo (E‐tattoo) based on a mixed‐dimensional matrix network, which integrates two‐dimensional MXene nanosheets and one‐dimensional cellulose nanofibers/Ag nanowires, is presented for multisensory integration. The multidimensional configurations endow the E‐tattoo with excellent multifunctional sensing capabilities including temperature, humidity, in‐plane strain, proximity, and material identification. In addition, benefiting from the satisfactory rheology of hybrid inks, the E‐tattoos are able to be fabricated through multiple facile strategies including direct writing, stamping, screen printing, and three‐dimensional printing on various hard/soft substrates. Especially, the E‐tattoo with excellent triboelectric properties also can serve as a power source for activating small electronic devices. It is believed that these skin‐conformal E‐tattoo systems can provide a promising platform for next‐generation wearable and epidermal electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: Developing reactions for the synthesis of 6‐6‐4 and 6‐4 carbocyclic scaffolds with a chiral quaternary center at the bridgehead position is highly desired, considering the existence of such skeletons in natural products with biological activities and the potential of using these molecules for downstream studies in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry. Report here is accessing these target skeletons with high chemo‐, regio‐ and enantio‐selectivities through Pd(II)/chiral N,N'‐disulfonyl bisimidazoline (Bim) ligand‐catalyzed asymmetric reaction of yne‐allenones and arylboronic acids. Realization of 6‐6‐4 skeleton with a ring‐junction all‐carbon stereocenter is a one‐step process while synthesizing 6‐4 skeleton is a two‐step process, which begins with intramolecular [2 + 2] reaction of allenes with alkynes, followed by Pd‐catalyzed asymmetric addition of arylboronic acids to cyclic enones generated in the first step. Noteworthy is that chiral Bim ligand as a C2‐symmetric N,N'‐bidentateanionic ligand, designed by us, in coordinating with Pd catalyst was first applied to catalyze asymmetric 1,4‐conjugate addition reaction with the high catalytic performance (the reaction can be carried out in air). DFT calculations have been applied to understand how these reactions take place, the origins of enantioselectivity, and relative reactivities of different substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Baha SP ® sp Attract system, a new type of non-skin penetrating bone conduction implants (BCIs), has proven to be efficacious, with fewer soft tissue complications than its percutaneous counterparts.1 The implantation of Baha SP ® sp Attract can be performed simultaneously with staged auricle reconstruction surgery, reducing the number of surgeries required and associated expenditures. Long-term hearing performance and soft tissue outcomes of the Baha® Attract system in patients with bilateral congenital microtia in a single centre During simultaneous surgery which combines the implantation with second staged auricle reconstruction surgery, the subcutaneous retroauricular fascial flap above the implant is dissected and rotated to cover the dorsal part of the reconstructed auricle, leading to a thinner subcutaneous layer and theoretically vulnerable skin on the implant side.2 It is still unclear how simultaneous surgery affects the long-term soft tissue safety and hearing performance of Baha SP ® sp Attract. Keywords: adverse event; Baha Attract; hearing performance; microtia EN adverse event Baha Attract hearing performance microtia 357 363 7 02/17/22 20220301 NES 220301 INTRODUCTION Bone-anchored hearing implants can be considered as an effective way for hearing rehabilitation in people with bilateral microtia who are not eligible for meatoplasty and tympanoplasty. [Extracted from the article]

A formal [3+3+1] reaction through gold(I)‐catalyzed enyne cycloisomerization of enyne‐methylenecyclopropanes and rhodium(I)‐catalyzed [6+1] reaction of vinylspiropentanes and CO has been developed to synthesize aza‐6/7 bicyclic compounds, hexahydrocyclohepta[c]pyridinones. DFT calculations reveal that four steps are involved in the [6+1] cycloaddition of vinylspiropentanes and CO, including oxidative addition of cyclopropane to Rh, β−C elimination, CO insertion and reductive elimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two of these patients developed aural stenosis, and meatoplasty was performed again; framework infection with cartilage absorption occurred in two patients, and three patients developed skin flap necrosis. If patients present with EAC cholesteatoma without bony erosion or infection, autologous cartilage microtia reconstruction can be performed after EAC irrigation and negative pressure suction to clean up the EAC cholesteatoma. For patients with congenital aural atresia, there is no risk of EAC cholesteatoma formation as there is no EAC epithelium; furthermore, it is difficult to maintain a healthy EAC after canalplasty. Our future research would focus on EAC skin physiology, stenosis prevention and maintaining the normal function of EAC in reconstructed atresia patients by developing tissue-engineered skin containing ceruminous gland. [Extracted from the article]