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Effects of sea‐level rise (SLR) on future peak water levels in tidal deltas and estuaries are largely unknown, despite these areas being densely populated and at high risk of flooding. While the rates of SLR accelerate, many channels simultaneously experience channel deepening for navigation. With globally decreasing sediment supplies, most channels are at risk of becoming deeper when the rate of SLR accelerates and sedimentation cannot keep pace with SLR. These factors potentially favor amplification of the tides and thereby increase flood risk, but the extent to which they will do so is unknown. Here, we introduce and use a validated model for an artificially deepened multi‐branch delta to get a mechanistic understanding of non‐linear SLR‐effects on peak water levels. Results show that, when the current deepened bed level will be maintained, peak water levels do not rise on par with mean sea‐level. Thus flood risk increases less than what can be expected from the predictions of the mean sea‐level increase. The reason is that SLR causes a proportional reduction in convergence of channel area. This mechanism reduces tidal amplification. Nevertheless, SLR effects extend far beyond the range of present‐day seasonal variations, with future low water levels being equal to present‐day high water levels, while the tidal range slightly reduces. This will have consequences not only for flood risk, but also for freshwater availability, navigation and ecology. Plain Language Summary: Many urban deltas are becoming deeper, often due to dredging for navigation purposes. A larger channel depth decreases friction, leading to amplification of the tide (higher peak water levels). At the same time, climate projections predict accelerated Sea‐Level Rise (SLR). SLR also increases the channel depth, thereby amplifying the tide. However, it is unknown to which extent SLR and channel deepening increase peak water levels. Here, we use a validated model of the Rhine‐Meuse Delta to study the effect of SLR and channel deepening on peak water levels. Results confirm that local dredging of the channel increases peak water levels. The larger depth at the mouth increases the convergence of cross‐sectional channel area in landward direction. This convergence is known to increase the tidal amplitude in landward direction, also known as tidal amplification. In contrast, peak water levels do not rise on par with SLR when the current deepened bed level is maintained. This is because the landward reduction in channel area diminishes with SLR. Nevertheless, future low water levels are predicted to be equal to present‐day high water levels, while the tidal range slightly reduces. This will have consequences for flood risk, freshwater availability, navigation and ecology. Key Points: Channel deepening can immediately amplify tides, which over the course of time may partially be counteracted by sea‐level rise (SLR)In depth‐convergent artificially deepened channels, SLR reduces tidal amplificationThe reduction in tidal amplification causes the peak water levels to rise less than mean sea level [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article determines the health care barriers on addressing the physical health problems particularly metabolic risks of individuals with schizophrenia. It cites situations such as inadequate screening rates of patients with antipsychotic-treated mental illnesses, lack of continuity of treating doctor, financial issues in reimbursement and affordability, unawareness of physical problems, and cultural diversity as the barriers. Authors recommend that medical institutions must have service reorganization, communication enhancement, and better incentives.

The function of the Ets-1 transcription factor is regulated by two regions that flank its DNA-binding domain. A previously established mechanism for auto-inhibition of monomeric Ets-1 on DNA response elements with a single ETS-binding site, however, has not been observed for the stromelysin-1 promoter containing two palindromic ETS-binding sites. We present the structure of Ets-1 on this promoter element, revealing a ternary complex in which protein homo-dimerization is mediated by the specific arrangement of the two ETS-binding sites. In this complex, the N-terminal-flanking region is required for ternary protein–DNA assembly. Ets-1 variants, in which residues from this region are mutated, loose the ability for DNA-mediated dimerization and stromelysin-1 promoter transactivation. Thus, our data unravel the molecular basis for relief of auto-inhibition and the ability of Ets-1 to function as a facultative dimeric transcription factor on this site. Our findings may also explain previous data of Ets-1 function in the context of heterologous transcription factors, thus providing a molecular model that could also be valid for Ets-1 regulation by hetero-oligomeric assembly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proposes a course in business law for undergraduate students, based on the author's experience with the Employment Problems and the Law course offered by the Indiana University Graduate School of Business in Indianapolis. History pertinent to the development of the course; Primary focus of the course and its goals; Final form of the course and its availability; Outline of the course.

The effects of cyclosporin A (CsA) were investigated in an experimental model of cerebral malaria. In this model, Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected CBA/Ca mice develop a clinically and histologically characterized neurological syndrome which is considered to be the result of immunopathological reactions mediated by L3T4+ T cells. It was shown that CsA displayed a strong protective effect on neurological complications when given at a dose 1 mg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days (Days 4-8), which had no effect on the parasite. Paradoxically, this protection against neurological complications was not seen when parasiticidal doses were used during this limited 5-day period. A similar protective effect was observed with two CsA derivatives, C5-34 and H7-94. The mechanisms by which CsA and the two derivatives could prevent murine cerebral malaria are unknown but can be related to exquisite effects on some lymphocyte functions. In view of these results, it might be conceivable to investigate the benefits of using low doses of CsA in man, in conjunction with the classical antiparasite therapy, for the management of cerebral malaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]