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Aim: To propose a framework for consistently applying the 2018 periodontal status classification scheme to epidemiological surveys (Application of the 2018 periodontal status Classification to Epidemiological Survey data, ACES). Proposed Framework: We specified data requirements and workflows for either completed or planned epidemiological surveys, utilizing commonly collected measures of periodontal status (clinical attachment levels [CAL], probing depths, bleeding on probing), as well as additional necessary variables for the implementation of the 2018 periodontal status classification (tooth loss due to periodontitis and complexity factors). Following detailed instructions and flowcharts, survey participants are classified as having periodontal health, gingivitis or periodontitis. Rates of edentulism must also be reported. In cases of periodontitis, instructions on how to compute the stage and extent are provided. Assessment of grade can be derived from CAL measurements (or from radiographic alveolar bone loss data) in relation to root length and the participant's age. Conclusions: ACES is a framework to be used in epidemiological studies of periodontal status that (i) have been completed, and in which stage and grade according to the 2018 classification are inferred retroactively, or (ii) are being planned. Consistent use of the proposed comprehensive approach will facilitate the comparability of periodontitis prevalence estimates across studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To systematically review the prevalence of bacteraemia, triggered by dental intervention and home oral hygiene practices, in children. The network meta‐analysis (NMA) quantitatively compared the risk of bacteraemia triggered by dental extractions and home and professional cleaning procedures. Materials and Methods: Clinical trials with the outcome "bacteraemia in children" were searched. The NMA was performed using the frequentist weighted least‐squares approach comparing the odds ratios (OR) of different interventions. Results: Among 11 of 13 studies, dental treatment was performed under general anaesthesia. In 2,381 patients, bacteraemia occurred in 38.7%–56% patients following single‐tooth extractions, in 22%–46% after manual toothbrushing (MTB), and in 26%–78% after power toothbrushing (PTB). When MTB was set as the reference (OR 1), rubber cup polishing showed a slightly higher risk (OR 1.26) of bacteraemia. PTB presented a higher risk (OR 1.79–2.27) than with single‐tooth extractions (OR 1.55) but lower than that with multiple extractions (OR 2.55). Conclusion: Daily use of MTB and routine professional cleaning were associated with the lowest risk of developing bacteraemia in children with gingivitis, almost as much as with a single‐tooth extractions. Improved plaque control with PTB increased the risk of bacteraemia. There is limited evidence on gingivitis‐free and systemically‐diseased children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Psychological interventions, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and supportive counselling (SC), are used to treat people with schizophrenia and people at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. However, little information is available on predictors of treatment response. This study aims to identify such predictors of psychological interventions in CHR. Methods: A total of 128 help‐seeking CHR outpatients were randomized into two groups—integrated psychological intervention (IPI), including CBT, and SC—for 12 months. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify demographic, symptomatic and functional variables that predict improvement in positive (PANSS Positive), negative (PANSS Negative) and basic symptoms (Basic symptom total score) and improvement in functioning (GAF) at 1‐year follow up. Results: In the merged group (IPI + SC), people who lived independently, were younger and presented with higher baseline functioning showed more improvement in symptomatic outcomes at follow up. Negative symptoms at baseline predicted less improvement in positive and basic symptoms. Being married or cohabiting and living in the primary family were found to correlate with good functioning at 1‐year follow up. Conclusions: Younger CHR individuals and those who are functioning well may particularly benefit from early intervention. Treatment might need to be modified for low‐functioning CHR and those who already display higher scores of negative symptoms. Registration number: NCT00204087 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

J Oral Pathol Med (2010) : 786-792 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in promoting angiogenesis and is overexpressed in several malignancies. Polymorphisms of the VEGF gene can alter VEGF protein expression, which may be biologically significant and account for heterogeneity in disease risk and outcome. The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate potential associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the VEGF gene with susceptibility of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Five VEGF SNP (−1154 G/A, +405 G/C, +936 C/T, −2578 C/A and −460 C/T) were determined in peripheral blood isolated from 80 patients with OSCC and from 40 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (RT-PCR). The +936 T allele and the −2578 C/A SNP were expressed significantly more often in the OSCC-group ( P = 0.002; P < 0.0001) where three associations between two SNPs (+936 and +405, −2578 and −1154, −460 and −2578) were found. Our findings provide support that +936 T allele and −2578 C/A SNP of the VEGF gene alone or in combination with other SNP are associated with OSCC. The SNPs may be used as biomarker for the development of specialized anti-VEGF drugs. Further studies must confirm the value of preoperative genetic analysis for prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]