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Chagas disease (CD), or American trypanosomiasis, caused by the parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, is a substantial global health burden. This comprehensive review explored the multifaceted landscape of CD treatment, providing a historical perspective on the development and discontinuation of benznidazole (BNZ) and nifurtimox (NF), the primary medications. Efforts towards a pediatric version of BZN in Brazil address demographic‐specific treatments, while concerns over drug resistance prompt the exploration of alternative medications like Amiodarone, Allopurinol, Posaconazole, Ravuconazole, and Fexinidazole, which were clinically tested as antichagasic drugs. In recent years, some of the synthesized derivative (1,3‐thiazoles, 4‐thiazolidinones, 2‐styrylquinolines, imidazole‐containing nitrophthalazine, and some others) were found to better activity as compared to standard drug. Traditional herbal alternatives (Resveratrol, curcumin, 1,8‐cineole, β‐pinene, and some others) rooted in traditional practices show promise, with various plant extracts exhibiting anti‐parasitic properties. The frontier of nanomedicine unfolds with studies on solid nanomedicines, PLA‐nanoparticles, ZIF‐8, BNZ carriers, and PLGA nanoparticles, showcasing improved drug delivery systems and controlled release mechanisms. The absence of a definitive vaccine accentuates ongoing research in recombinant antigens, peptide‐based vaccines, and nanoparticle formulations, with notable candidates like TcG1, TcG2, TcG4, MASPpep‐KLH, adenovirus vectors, Tc24 protein, and integrin activators. A novel strategy combining a recombinant protein vaccine with low dose BZN treatment presents promising results in a mouse model, emphasizing the urgency for further research and potential advancements in CD therapeutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impurities found in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and pharmaceutical products are of ever‐increasing interest. According to several regulatory agencies, purity and impurity profiles are essential. An impurity is defined as any additional inorganic or organic material, residual solvents other than the medicinal components, or undesired compounds that remain with APIs. Impurities and degradation products in bulk drug materials and pharmaceutical formulations are identified, their structures are clarified, and their quantitative determination is part of impurity profiling. Unrecognized, poisonous impurities are dangerous to health and should be identified by selective procedures to increase the safety of drug therapy, and impurity profiling has become more significant in pharmaceutical analysis. This review briefly introduces process and product‐related impurities and emphasizes the creation of cutting‐edge analytical techniques for identifying them. It discusses the use of analytical methods, particularly high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography, liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (MS), ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography–MS, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the identification of contaminants and degradation products. It has discussed the importance of the quality, efficacy, and safety of drug substances and products, including the origin, types, and quality control of impurities, the need for the development of impurity profiling methods, impurity identification, and regulatory aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]