Search

Thirteen doctoral students, 7 Caucasians and 6 Hispanics, participated over 3 semesters of practicum/internship in a qualitative research project exploring the experience of becoming supervisors. A follow-up study with 5 different doctoral students confirmed and refined findings 1½ years later. The research team of 2 female faculty members and 1 male research assistant (the authors) identified 6 themes emerging from individual and group interviews with supervisors-in-training regarding the process of becoming a supervisor: (a) learning, (b) supervisee growth, (c) individual uniqueness, (d) reflection, (e) connections, and (f) putting it all together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attrition of doctoral students is costly to society. This study examines organizational and personal factors that contribute to the number of graduate students leaving their program of study prior to receiving the terminal degree. The authors make suggestions for program modification and present results from a stress-management intervention program implemented for doctoral students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Multicultural Counseling & Development is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This 24-week, randomized, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group clinical trial compared efficacy and safety of repaglinide monotherapy, rosiglitazone monotherapy, and combination therapy (repaglinide plus rosiglitazone) in Type 2 diabetes after unsatisfactory response to sulphonylurea or metformin monotherapy. Enrolled patients ( n = 252) were adults having Type 2 diabetes for at least 1 year, with HbA1c values > 7.0% after previous monotherapy (sulphonylurea or metformin, ≥ 50% maximal dose). Prior therapy was withdrawn for 2 weeks, followed by randomization to repaglinide, rosiglitazone, or repaglinide/rosiglitazone. Study treatments were initiated with a 12-week dose optimization period (doses optimized according to labelling), followed by a 12-week maintenance period. Efficacy endpoints were changes in HbA1c values (primary) or fasting plasma glucose values (secondary). Baseline HbA1c values were comparable (9.3% for repaglinide, 9.0% for rosiglitazone, 9.1% for combination). Mean changes in HbA1c values at the end of treatment were greater for repaglinide/rosiglitazone therapy (−1.43%) than for repaglinide (−0.17%) or rosiglitazone (−0.56%) monotherapy. Reductions of fasting plasma glucose values were also greater for combination therapy (−5.2 mmol/l, −94 mg/dl) than for repaglinide monotherapy (−3.0 mmol/l, −54 mg/dl) or rosiglitazone monotherapy (−3.7 mmol/l, −67 mg/dl). Minor hypoglycaemic events occurred in 9% of combination therapy patients, vs. 6% for repaglinide and 2% for rosiglitazone. Individual weight gains for combination therapy were correlated to HbA1c response. The combination therapy regimen was well tolerated. In patients previously showing unsatisfactory response to oral monotherapy, glycaemic reductions were greater for the repaglinide/rosiglitazone combination regimen than for use of either repaglinide or rosiglitazone alone. Diabet. Med. (2004) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this qualitative study, 8 Hispanic counseling student interns who were enrolled in a regional university told the story of their professional identity development. Qualitative analysis of the transcripts of audiotaped semistructured interviews revealed 7 general themes: (a) knowledge, (b) personal growth, (c) experience, (d) relationships, (e) accomplishment, (f) costs, and (g) perceptions of the counseling profession. Results may provide counselor educators with direction in facilitating the socialization of Hispanic graduate counseling students into the counseling profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a survey which investigated nonacademic admission criteria for doctoral-level counselor education and similar professional programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs. Survey respondents used letters of recommendation, goal statements, and individual interviews (structured and unstructured) to a greater degree than they did other criteria. Minimal use of the autobiography and group interviews was indicated. A number of programs use a philosophy statement and evidence of work experience. Faculty rated the use of individual interviews highly and would like to use a more structured format. Letters of recommendation received a lower mean rating than did other criteria. As with prior research, the results of this study clearly indicated the need for further investigation of the predictive validity of nonacademic criteria in admissions to doctoral-level counselor education programs. In particular, the authors of the study urge replicated research on the measurement of those humanistic factors related to successful counselors and counselor educators. The authors also recommend that research related to the predictability of nonacademic factors be conducted and that data be analyzed for gender, age, and ethnicity variables.

Presents a study which examined the eating-related concerns, moods and personality traits in recovered Bulimia nervosa (BN) subjects. Recovery of a number of women from BN; Comparison of the controlled women from the recovered BN women; Factors that influenced long-term recovery from BN.

A group of 29 leading family therapists presenting at a regional marriage and family therapy conference were interviewed about ethnicity issues in family therapy. Questions and discussion focused on ethnicity in the family therapy process, ethnicity issues for the family therapist, ethnicity issues for the client family, therapeutic strategies when ethnicity is an issue, and recommendations for ethnicity training and supervision of future family therapists. Qualitative methods were used to analyze the transcripts of the recorded interviews to identify themes emerging from the interviews. Results reflect multiple perspectives and approaches in the field of family therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between sexual abuse and eating disorders remains uncertain. Recent data have raised the possibility of differential rates of sexual abuse among subtypes of eating disorders. METHODS: We studied women with three subtypes of eating disorders: (1) 26 anorexia nervosa subjects (AN); (2) 20 bulimia nervosa subjects with comorbid substance dependence (BN + SDD); and (3) 27 bulimia nervosa subjects without substance dependence (BN - SDD). We compared women with these eating disorder subtypes to 44 control women (CW). Sexual abuse rates and diagnoses were assessed through direct structured interviews. RESULTS: We found an order effect for sexual abuse which was most common (65%) in BN + SDD subjects, followed by a rate of 37% in BN - SDD subjects and 23% in AN subjects. Subjects of all eating disorder subtypes had significantly higher rates of sexual abuse compared to a rate of 7% in CW subjects. DISCUSSION: Women with BN + SDD had the highest frequency and the most severe history of sexual abuse. However, the causal relationship between eating disorders and sexual abuse remains to be elucidated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The Bunker Hill mine in Idaho operated from 1886 to 1981. In the 60's and 70's it provided approximately 25% of the primary lead in the United States. Women first began working on the production and maintenance lines in 1972. This study examines the impact of menopause and several occupational and lifestyle factors as determinants of blood and bone lead levels among 73 female former smelter workers., Methods: Blood lead levels were analyzed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. The (109)Cd K X-ray fluorescence system was used to measure calcaneus and tibia bone lead content. Information was obtained on reproductive history, alcohol and cigarette consumption, education, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT)., Results: Postmenopausal women (n = 47) had significantly (P < 0.002) higher blood lead levels (3.48 microg/dl) than did premenopausal women (n = 26) (2.19 microg/dl). The best predictors of blood lead levels were smoking (>10 or < or =10 cigarettes/day), natural menopause, technical or community college education, manager or technical worker, and past or present use of HRT. The best predictors of calcaneus bone lead levels (P < 0.2) were technical workers, such as miner; natural menopause; and smoking >10 cigarettes/day; level of education; 1-2 pregnancies; and age (>60 years)., Conclusions: Lead exposure results in higher blood lead levels especially during menopause., ((c) Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)

Background: Occupational and environmental exposure to lead has been examined for its effect on blood pressure (BP) in adults with varying results. The present analyses assessed the association between bone lead concentration and BP in early adult life in persons exposed during childhood., Methods: Study participants included young adult members of two cohorts with different past histories of lead exposure. Lead exposure was assessed using noninvasive K-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to quantify bone lead concentration, an index of long-term lead exposure superior to current blood lead concentration. Systolic and diastolic BP measurements were obtained using conventional clinical methods. Multiple linear regression models were constructed to allow for control of covariates of BP identified a priori., Results: Analyses were performed on 508 participants. While controlling for potential confounders, systolic BP was 4.3 mm Hg greater among members of the highest of four bone lead concentration groups (> 10 microg Pb/g bone) when compared with the lowest bone lead concentration group (< 1 microg Pb/g bone; P = 0.004), and diastolic BP was 2.8 mm Hg greater among members of the highest bone lead concentration group when compared with the lowest bone lead concentration group (P = 0.03)., Conclusions: These results suggest that substantial lead exposure during childhood can increase BP during young adulthood., (Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)

Alcohol and drug use disorders are common among women with bulimia nervosa (BN) and their family members. However, it is not known whether there is a familial relationship between BN and substance use disorders. We compared 47 women with BN and 44 non-eating-disordered community control women, and their first-degree relatives (177 and 190, respectively). BN probands were stratified by the presence (43%) or absence (57%) of lifetime alcohol and/or drug dependence. The first-degree relatives of substance-dependent BN probands had significantly higher lifetime rates of alcohol/drug dependence (38%), compared with relatives of nonsubstance-dependent BN probands (10%) or relatives of community controls (18%). These data suggest that BN and substance dependence are transmitted independently in families.