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Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) has been widely used for cervical cancer screening. Despite numerous studies and systematic reviews, to the authors' knowledge few large studies to date have focused on biopsy-confirmed cervical lesions and controversy remains concerning its diagnostic accuracy. The objective of the current study was to assess LBC for detecting biopsy-confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cancer., Methods: A pooled analysis of LBC using data from 13 population-based, cross-sectional, cervical cancer screening studies performed in China from 1999 to 2008 was performed. Participants (n = 26,782) received LBC and human papillomavirus testing. Women found to be positive on screening were referred for colposcopy and biopsy. The accuracy of LBC for detecting biopsy-confirmed CIN of type 2 or worse (CIN2+) as well as CIN type 3 or worse (CIN3+) lesions was analyzed., Results: Of 25,830 women included in the analysis, CIN2+ was found in 107 of 2612 with atypical squamous cells (4.1%), 142 of 923 with low-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (15.4%), 512 of 784 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (65.3%), 29 of 30 with squamous cell carcinoma (96.7%), 4 of 27 with atypical glandular cells (14.8%), and 85 of 21,454 with normal cytology results (0.4%). No invasive cancers were found to have atypical squamous cells, atypical glandular cells, or cytologically normal slides. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of LBC for detecting CIN2+ were 81.0%, 95.4%, 38.3%, 99.3 %, and 94.9%, respectively. Although Hybrid Capture 2 was more sensitive than LBC, the specificity, positive predictive value, and overall accuracy of LBC were higher than those of Hybrid Capture2 at 85.2%, 18.6%, and 85.5%, respectively., Conclusions: The results of the current study indicate that the performance of LBC can effectively predict the risk of existing CIN2+ and may be a good screening tool for cervical cancer prevention in a developing country., (Copyright © 2013 American Cancer Society.)

The title compound, C(16)H(15)BrN(2)OS(2), was obtained from the condensation reaction of benzyl dithio-carbazate and 2-bromo-5-meth-oxy-lbenzaldehyde. In the mol-ecule, the bromo-meth-oxy-phenyl ring and dithio-carbazate fragment are located on the opposite sides of the C=N double bond, showing the E conformation. The dithio-carbazate fragment is approximately planar (r.m.s deviation 0.0187 Å); its mean plane is oriented with respect to the bromo-meth-oxy-phenyl and phenyl rings at 7.60 (12) and 60.08 (9)°, respectively. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds occur. A short Br⋯Br contact of 3.5526 (12) Å is observed in the crystal structure.

The title compound, C(16)H(16)N(2)OS(2), was obtained from a condensation reaction of benzyl dithio-carbazate and 4-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde. In the mol-ecule, the meth-oxy-phenyl ring and dithio-carbazate fragment are located on opposite sides of the C=N double bond, showing an E configuration. The dithio-carbazate fragment is approximately planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0052 Å); its mean plane is oriented at dihedral angles of 8.19 (15) and 85.70 (13)°, respectively, to the meth-oxy-phenyl and phenyl rings. Inter-molecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds and weak C-H⋯π inter-actions are observed in the crystal structure.

The title compound, C(16)H(16)N(2)S(2), was obtained from the condensation reaction of benzyl dithio-carbazate and 2-methyl-benzaldehyde. The asymmetric unit contains two independent mol-ecules. In both mol-ecules, the methyl-phenyl ring and the dithio-carbazate fragment are located on opposite sides of the C=N bond, showing an E conformation. In each mol-ecule, the dithio-carbazate fragment is approximately planar, the r.m.s deviations being 0.018 and 0.025 Å. The mean plane of dithio-carbazate group is oriented at dihedral angles of 7.9 (3) and 68.24 (12)°, respectively, to the methyl-phenyl and phenyl rings in one mol-ecule, while the corresponding angles in the other mol-ecule are 10.9 (3) and 69.76 (16)°. Inter-molecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonding occurs in the crystal structure to generate inversion dimers for both molecules.

The title compound, C(13)H(12)N(2)OS, was obtained from the condensation reaction of 2-acetyl-thio-phene and benzohydrazide. In the mol-ecule, the formohydrazide fragment is approximately planar (r.m.s deviation = 0.0146 Å) and the mean plane is oriented at dihedral angles of 24.47 (11) and 28.86 (13)°, respectively, to the phenyl and thio-phene rings. The thio-phene and phenyl rings make a dihedral angle of 53.21 (8)°. The benzamide fragment and thio-phene ring are located on the opposite sides of the C=N bond, showing an E conformation. Classical inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak C-H⋯O inter-actions are present in the crystal structure: three such bonds occur to the same O-atom acceptor.

The title compound, C(15)H(13)N(3)O(2)S(2), was obtained from a condensation reaction of benzyl dithio-carbazate and 2-nitro-benzaldehyde. In the mol-ecule, the nearly planar dithio-carbazate fragment [r.m.s deviation = 0.0264 Å] is oriented at dihedral angles of 7.25 (17) and 74.09 (9)°with respect to the two benzene rings. The nitro group is twisted by a dihedral angle of 22.4 (7)° to the attached benzene ring. The nitro-benzene ring and dithio-carbazate fragment are located on the opposite sides of the C=N bond, showing an E configuration. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked via inter-molecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric supra-molecular dimers. Weak C-H⋯π inter-action is also observed in the crystal structure.

The title compound, C(14)H(14)N(4)S(2), was obtained from a condensation reaction of benzyl dithio-carbazate and acetyl-pyrazine. The asymmetric unit contains two independent mol-ecules, in each of which the pyrazine ring and dithio-carbazate unit are approximately co-planar, the r.m.s. deviations being 0.0304 and 0.0418 Å. The mean plane is oriented with respect to the benzene ring at 49.22 (4)° in one mol-ecule and at 69.76 (7)° in the other. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked to each other via inter-molecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric supra-molecular dimers.