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A meta‐analysis study to assess the knee and hip arthroplasty joint surgical site wound infection (SSWI) in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) subjects who underwent dialysis or a kidney transplant (KT). A comprehensive literature examination till February 2023 was implemented and 1046 linked studies were appraised. The picked studies contained 5 471 898 subjects with total joint arthroplasty (TJA) at the baseline, 13 049 of them were haemodialysis or renal transplant, and 5 458 849 were control. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the consequence of knee and hip arthroplasty SSWI in ESRD subjects who underwent dialysis or a KT by the dichotomous and continuous styles and a fixed or random model. Haemodialysis or renal transplant had a significantly higher postoperative SSWI (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.73–2.62, P <.001) compared with control in TJA subjects. However, no significant difference was observed between haemodialysis and renal transplant in postoperative SSWI (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.16–5.54, P =.94) and between haemodialysis or renal transplant and control in prosthetic joint infection (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.25–4.55, P =.93) in TJA subjects. Haemodialysis had a significantly higher prosthetic joint infection (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.21–3.03, P =.005) compared with renal transplant in TJA subjects. Haemodialysis or renal transplant had a significantly higher postoperative SSWI in TJA subjects. Also, haemodialysis had a significantly higher prosthetic joint infection compared with renal transplant in TJA subjects. Although precautions should be taken when commerce with the consequences because a low number of selected studies was picked for certain comparisons in this meta‐analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A key issue in the Cenozoic evolution of the Tibetan plateau is the geodynamic drivers for north‐trending rifting in southern Tibet. Recent studies have demonstrated an eastward propagation pattern for rift initiation, but the along‐strike variations remain poorly resolved. Two models that predict different north‐south rift kinematics include northward underthrusting or southward tearing of the Indian lithospheric slab, predicting a northward or southward propagation trend of individual rifts along strike, respectively. The Yadong‐Gulu rift (YGR) is an ideal case to investigate this issue due to its long strike length (∼500 km) and location above proposed slab‐tear structures. Here, we compile constraints on both rift initiation and acceleration, and report new apatite fission track and (U‐Th)/He thermochronological data along the southern segment of YGR. Our main findings are as follows. First, the rifts west of the YGR initiated simultaneously along strike, which we suggest is at odds with predictions of either slab‐tear or slab‐underthrusting models. However, most of these rifts show a northward younging pattern in rift acceleration, which may be governed by low‐angle Indian slab underthrusting released by slab tearing. Second, the initiation timing of the Yadong rift is constrained at ∼13–11 Ma. Combined with published constraints along strike, we demonstrate a clear northward propagation in rift initiation along the YGR. This kinematic pattern may be affected by its orientation of the most oblique northeast‐trending among all rift systems or the outward expansion of the Himalayan arc. Plain Language Summary: The Himalayan‐Tibetan orogen is undergoing active east‐west extension under the continuous compression of the colliding Indo‐Eurasia continents. This extension is manifested by a series of northward oriented (north‐striking) rifts in southern Tibet, the geodynamics of which is critical in revealing the Cenozoic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau. Despite the importance, their development pattern along strike has not been well understood, leaving the mechanisms that emphasize their along‐strike propagation poorly tested, such as the southward slab tearing and northward slab underthrusting models. They predict a southward or northward propagation of rifting along strike, respectively. Therefore, the along‐strike propagation process of individual rifts constitutes the key factor in distinguishing the two mechanisms. In this study, we adopted thermochronological techniques to constrain the propagation of the Yadong‐Gulu rift (YGR) that has the longest strike length. The results suggest that the YGR youngs northward, which is contrary to the situations of each rift system to its west that initiated nearly coevally along strike. This implies that the onset of north‐trending rifts should not be significantly affected by geodynamic process in N‐S direction through either slab tearing or underthrusting, while the northward younging trend of YGR is controlled largely by its oblique striking. Key Points: Initiation timing of Yadong‐Gulu rift youngs northward (Yadong at ∼13–11 Ma), but each rift system to its west initiated nearly coevally along strikeSlab tearing released subducting slab and activated slab underthrusting that causes northward rifting accelerationExtraordinary earlier initiation of the Yadong rift was related to its most oblique NE‐trending or outward expansion of the Himalayan arc [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cenozoic North Altyn Fault (NAF) is a major splay of the Altyn Tagh Fault along the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, but its role in the development of this plateau margin in response to the India‐Eurasia collision is highly debated. Here, we investigate fault geometry, kinematics, and shortening magnitude along the westernmost 120 km of the NAF. Seismic surveys reveal minimal Cenozoic shortening in the subsurface of the Southeast Tarim Basin and support for large‐scale (>120 km) left slip on the NAF. Based on the satellite imagery, two new faults are identified to define the northern boundary of the NAF system, which together with the NAF to the south constitute a narrow transpressional shear zone comprised of three basement‐cored, fault‐bound slivers. Fission track data and thermal modeling indicate that the NAF zone experienced broad reburial during early Cenozoic that was locally interrupted by ∼40 to 35 Ma exhumation proximal to the NAF, followed by widespread but heterogeneous exhumation since ∼17 to 15 Ma associated with ∼9 to 11 km of total shortening across the NAF system via thick‐skinned faulting. We conclude that the NAF initiated as a left‐slip fault at ∼40 to 35 Ma and then became transpressional at ∼17 to 15 Ma during the middle‐Miocene reorganization of the Altyn Tagh Fault system. We find no evidence to support prior inferences of large‐scale (∼100 km) underthrusting of the Tarim Basin beneath the Tibetan Plateau along the NAF. Plain Language Summary: The Cenozoic rise of the Tibetan Plateau has exerted a significant impact on the global climate and migration of Asian hominin. To reveal the growth history of the plateau, geologists rack their brains to learn how the plateau‐bounding faults have evolved in time. Here, we investigate the Cenozoic evolution of the North Altyn Fault (NAF) in the northwestern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, which generates 2–4 km topographic relief between the high plateau and low‐land Tarim Basin. Based on seismic survey, satellite imaging, and geological dating, we find that the NAF initiated with left‐lateral slip at ∼40 to 35 Ma but switched to a transpressional fault accommodating both left‐lateral and dip slips since ∼17 to 15 Ma. Our data show only 9–11 km of shortening across the NAF, which contradicts the prior view that the Tibetan Plateau was thrust over the Tarim Basin by ∼100 km. This study provides independent evidence supporting the reorganization of the Altyn Tagh Fault system at ∼17 to 15 Ma and indicates that the present‐day tectonic and topographic configurations in the northern Tibetan Plateau have developed since the middle Miocene. Key Points: The North Altyn Fault (NAF) is a transpressional shear zone comprised of narrow fault slivers and has absorbed ∼9 to 11 km of Cenozoic shorteningExtensive early Cenozoic burial was locally interrupted by ∼40 to 35 Ma exhumation, implying onset of left slip on the NAFWidespread and heterogeneous exhumation since ∼17 to 15 Ma manifests a transition from left slip to transpression on the NAF [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potential interactions between aeolian and fluvial systems are critical in understanding environmental change. Whether aeolian products originated from the river depends on the river characteristics and wind regimes. In southern Tibet, aeolian sand dunes are widespread along the Yarlung River, and thus provide an ideal example to explore the relationships between large fluvial systems and aeolian products. Although previous studies postulated that those aeolian products were originated from the Yarlung River, few empirical data actually exist to support this idea. We analysed the spatial pattern, sand transportation directions, and granulometric characteristics of the sand dunes to evaluate the potential influence of the Yarlung River on the aeolian processes. Comparison of the dune field distribution against channel width and longitudinal profile of the Yarlung River shows that sand dunes are clustered at the wide and flat segments of the river. Analyses of >4,600 sand dune orientations using Google Earth imagery show that the dunes located at the southern and northern sides of the Yarlung River demonstrate opposite sand transportation directions that generally point against the river. This suggests that the sand grains probably originated from the river. Grain size distributions from dune samples show unimodal or unimodal‐like patterns. This means that each sand dune field was dominantly fed by a simple transportation process rather than by compound processes from smaller‐level fluvial systems, which in turn implies that the Yarlung River was the most possible candidate for the provenance of these aeolian deposits. This study provides new constraints to demonstrate that the Yarlung River provides both accommodation space and sorted fluvial sand for the aeolian sand dunes along the river. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

South China Cenozoic basalts ( SCCB) are regionally distributed at the south-east coastal area and can be grouped into three zones: a western zone (>38 Ma), a central zone (17-8 Ma) and an eastern zone (<8 Ma), leaving a temporal gap at 38-17 Ma between the western and central zones. An eastward migration of the SCCB could therefore be identified by the systematic decrease in the eruption age from the western inland to the eastern coast. We propose that most SCCB were associated with the lateral asthenospheric flows moving along the lithosphere/asthenosphere boundary ( LAB) beneath South China and the subsequent decompressional partial melting. The lateral asthenospheric flows had been pulled by the eastward retreat of the pan-Pacific plate subduction before 38 Ma and have been pushed by the northward indentation of the Indian plate into the Eurasian plate since 17 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]