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A compact, flexible, long‐range, and impedance transformer balun‐like integrated UHF RFID tag antenna is proposed for the detection of water bottles. To alleviate the performance of a tag antenna in close proximity to a high dielectric material such as water, the radiating element of the tag antenna uses folded, unbalanced strips made of balun‐like arms wrapped around the tag's body. As a result, a wide bandwidth with reasonably good radiation resistance is achieved. The tag's body comprises dual loops for the impedance matching to the tag chip. This leads to a long read range of 13.33 m; >5.83 m compared to other state‐of‐the‐art designs. The proposed tag antenna conforms to a small footprint by wrapping the balun‐like arms around the tag's body, which results in a compact form. The tag is fabricated, and the results reasonably agree with simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common hematological disorder with heterogeneous nature that resulted from blocked myeloid differentiation and an enhanced number of immature myeloid progenitors. During several decades, different factors, including cytogenetic, genetic, and epigenetic have been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of AML by inhibiting the differentiation and ensuring the proliferation of myeloid blast cells. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been considered as potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic factors in different human malignancies including AML. Altered expression of lncRNAs is correlated with the transformation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells into leukemic blast cells because of their distinct role in the key cellular processes. We discuss the significant role of lncRNAs in the proliferation, survival, differentiation, leukemic stem cells in AML and their involvement in different molecular pathways (insulin‐like growth factor type I receptor, FLT3, c‐KIT, Wnt, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase‐B, microRNAs), and associated mechanisms such as autophagy, apoptosis, and glucose metabolism. In addition, we aim to highlight the role of lncRNAs as reliable biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and drug resistance for precision medicine in AML. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several signaling pathways have been identified as important for developmental processes. One of such important cascades is the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, which can regulate various physiological processes such as embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and tissue regeneration; while its dysregulation is implicated in several pathological conditions especially cancers. Interestingly, deregulation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway has been reported to be closely associated with initiation, progression, metastasis, maintenance of cancer stem cells, and drug resistance in human malignancies. Moreover, several genetic and experimental models support the inhibition of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway to answer the key issues related to cancer development. The present review focuses on different regulators of Wnt pathway and how distinct mutations, deletion, and amplification in these regulators could possibly play an essential role in the development of several cancers such as colorectal, melanoma, breast, lung, and leukemia. Additionally, we also provide insights on diverse classes of inhibitors of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, which are currently in preclinical and clinical trial against different cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current pandemic responsible for the crippling of the health care system is caused by the novel SARS‐CoV‐2 in 2019 and leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The virus enters into humans by attachment of its Spike protein (S) to the ACE receptor present on the lung epithelial cell surface followed by cleavage of S protein by the cellular transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2). After entry, the SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA genome is released into the cytosol, where it highjacks host replication machinery for viral replication, assemblage, as well as the release of new viral particles. The major drug targets that have been identified for SARS‐CoV‐2 through host‐virus interaction studies include 3CLpro, PLpro, RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase, and S proteins. Several reports of natural compounds along with synthetic products have displayed promising results and some of them are Tripterygium wilfordii, Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid, Saponin derivates, Artemisia annua, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Jinhua Qinggan granules, Xuebijing, and Propolis. This review attempts to disclose the natural products identified as anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 based on in silico prediction and the effect of a variety of phytochemicals either alone and/or in combination with conventional treatments along with their possible molecular mechanisms involved for both prevention and treatment of the SARS‐CoV‐2 disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forward osmosis (FO) has recently gained interest in wastewater treatment and seawater and brackish groundwater desalination. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the prediction and optimization of the FO process using a low‐concentration draw solution (DS). The process variables were the feed solution (FS) temperature, the DS concentration, and the FS concentration. These variables were subjected to regression models and had R2 values > 0.9. The FS temperature had a negative impact on the weight transfer from the DS, while the FS and DS concentrations had a direct correlation with the performance. At an FS temperature of 29 °C, the DS at 13 986 mg L−1 and the FS at 1702 mg L−1 produced the best results, thereby lowering the DS regeneration costs. Under this condition, the models were experimentally validated, confirming the predictive ability of the models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is one of the crucial transcription factors, responsible for regulating cellular proliferation, cellular differentiation, migration, programmed cell death, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and immune activation. In this review, we have discussed the classical regulation of STAT3 via diverse growth factors, cytokines, G‐protein‐coupled receptors, as well as toll‐like receptors. We have also highlighted the potential role of noncoding RNAs in regulating STAT3 signaling. However, the deregulation of STAT3 signaling has been found to be associated with the initiation and progression of both solid and hematological malignancies. Additionally, hyperactivation of STAT3 signaling can maintain the cancer stem cell phenotype by modulating the tumor microenvironment, cellular metabolism, and immune responses to favor drug resistance and metastasis. Finally, we have also discussed several plausible ways to target oncogenic STAT3 signaling using various small molecules derived from natural products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is a major cause of death among women worldwide, and the most cases are reportedin the least developed countries. Recently, a study on DNA microarray gene expression analysis demonstrated theoverexpression of heat shock protein 70-2 (HSP70-2) in cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa). The objective of the currentstudy was to evaluate the association between HSP70-2 expression in cervical carcinogenesis and its potential role invarious malignant properties that result in disease progression. METHODS: HSP70-2 expression was examined in various cervical cancer cell lines with different origins and in clinical cervical cancer specimens by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses. A plasmid-based,short-hairpin RNA approach was used specifically to knock down the expression of HSP70-2 in cervical tumor cells invitro and in vivo to examine the role of HSP70-2 on various malignant properties. RESULTS: RT-PCR and IHC analyses revealed HSP70-2 expression in 86% of cervical cancer specimens. Furthermore, knockdown of HSP70-2 expressionsignificantly reduced cellular growth, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and reduced tumor growth invivo. A significant association of HSP70-2 gene and protein expression was observed among the various tumorstages (P = .046) and different grades (P = .006), suggesting that HSP70-2 expression may be an indicator of disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggested that HSP70-2 may play an important role in disease progression in cervical carcinogenesis. Patients who had early stage disease and low-grade tumors had HSP70-2 expression, supporting its potential role in early detection and aggressive treatment modalities for cervical cancermanagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the relation of sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) in carcinogenesis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The study used a small interfering RNA approach to knock down SPAG9 expression in SiHa cells obtained from cervical SCC. The study found that small interfering RNA silencing of SPAG9 inhibits tumor growth of cervical SCC. It suggests that SPAG9 expression may also lead to early spread of cervical cancer.

The article presents the study conducted by the researchers regarding the clinical utility of sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) expression and its humoral immune response in an early cervical carcinomas. The study aims to determine the association of SPAG9 in ovarian cancer using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and situ RNA hybridization. The result shows that patients with the early stage of cancer can generate SPAG9 antibodies and exhibit SPAG9 expression.

ABSTRACT Over the past two decades, the frequency of natural hazard incidents has steadily risen, leading to substantial human casualties, infrastructure destruction, societal and economic disruption. The occurrence of disasters, both of natural and human origin, has exhibited an upward trend in frequency over the past few decades on a global scale, posing a significant threat to diverse populations. Over time, remote sensing technologies have proven to be effective in analysing and monitoring diverse natural disasters, including but not limited to droughts, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides and cyclones. The significant extent of its coverage capacity and the ability to repeat observations make its application economically efficient. This paper aims to elucidate the fundamental contributions and role of remote sensing in disaster management applications. In a comprehensive analysis, this study explores recent practical applications in the context of disaster events. The utilisation of diverse methodologies and functions of remote sensing in disaster monitoring and control is further expanded to encompass the domain of disaster risk management, employing cutting‐edge sensors and satellites from emerging technological advancements. This paper also addresses challenges related to disaster monitoring, detection and management. Emergencies, particularly during typical catastrophe scenarios, often witness partial disruptions in communication networks. Consequently, the role of alternative networks becomes paramount in enabling effective disaster detection and management strategies. Emerging issues are highlighted, and potential directions for future research are outlined and also support sustainable development goal 13 (climate action). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]