Search

Polymercoated particles have been produced by applying two grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and one grade of polyvinyl alcohol onto sodium benzoate PuroxS core particles by using topspray fluid bed coater and then stored under two different conditions, namely ambient conditions 23°C, 55 RH and in the freezer −18°C, 25 RH. Surface morphology has been firstly analyzed using scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. Resistance to attrition and viscoelastic properties have been measured by repeated impact tester RIT and nanoindentation, respectively. The resistance to attrition have been discussed as function of type of coating materials, breakage mechanisms, and storage temperature, and then compared with uncoated PuroxS. The storage conditions is not influencing the morphology, whereas is strongly affecting the resistance to attrition. Coated particles stored at −18°C were found to be more resistant to attrition than ones stored at room conditions. Such differences negligible at low energies low numbers of impacts increase as soon as the number of impacts and the energy rise. The improvement in the resistance to attrition was related to the plasticizing effect of water content. Displacement, storage modulus E′, loss modulus E″, and damping factor tan δ have been measured for all coated particles. Quasistatic and dynamic nanoindentation were found to agree very well with each other. Comparison of the nanoindentation results and the RIT results showed that tan δ, as measure of viscoelasticity and flexibility of the polymeric coating material, is related to the attrition behavior. It was found, in fact, that a higher tan δgives more resistance to attrition. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aims to answer to the following question: "In patients undergoing dental implant placement, which is the best antibiotic prophylaxis protocol to prevent early failures?", Materials and Methods: The MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CENTRAL and Web of Knowledge electronic databases were searched in duplicate for RCTs up to July 2017. Additional relevant literature was identified through (i) handsearching on both relevant journals and reference lists, and (ii) searching in databases for grey literature. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted, and the probability that each protocol is the "Best" was estimated., Results: Nine RCTs were included, with a total of 1,693 participants. Due to the few events reported, it was not possible to conduct a NMA for adverse events, therefore it was conducted only for implant failures (IF). The protocol with the highest probability (32.5%) of being the "Best" one to prevent IF was the single dose of 3 g of amoxicillin administered 1 hr pre-operatively. Even if the single pre-operative dose of 2 g of amoxicillin is the most used, it achieved only a probability of 0.2% to be the "Best" one., Conclusions: Basing on the available RCTs, the use of antibiotic prophylaxis is protective against early implant failures. Whenever an antibiotic prophylaxis is needed, there is still insufficient evidence to confidently recommend a specific dosage. The use of post-operative courses does not seem however to be justified by the available literature. Prospero registration number: CRD42015029708., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: Due to its potential to influence systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, and to predispose to bacterial infections, sleep duration could potentially be a risk factor for periodontitis. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate if there was in 2012 an association between periodontitis and sleep duration in a representative sample of the South Korean population., Materials and Methods: A total of 5812 subjects representative of 39.4 million of adults were examined. Multivariate logistic regressions were applied controlling for age, gender, education, smoking status, alcoholism and consumption frequency of coffee, tea, chocolate and red wine., Results: Compared to the group sleeping ≤5 h/day, the adjusted odds ratios for periodontitis prevalence defined as Community Periodontal Index (CPI) = 4 were OR = 2.46 (95% CI: 1.20-5.06) in the 6 h/day sleepers group, OR = 2.66 (95% CI: 1.35-5.25) in the 7 h/day sleepers group, OR = 2.29 (95% CI: 1.13-4.63) in the 8 h/day sleepers group and OR = 4.27 (95% CI: 1.83-9.97) in the ≥9 h/day sleepers group. The association has shown to be highlighted in middle-aged people, females, non-smokers, lower educated, with lower lead and higher cadmium blood levels and with higher carotene dietary intake ones and to be partially mediated by lipid profile alterations, diabetes, serum Vitamin D levels and WBC count., Conclusions: A novel, direct and independent association between sleep duration and the prevalence of periodontitis was found. However, it needs to be investigated how the factors influencing the sleep duration affect this association., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: The human DNA mismatch repair (hMMR) system plays an important role in reducing mutation and maintaining genomic stability. The MMR system in human cells is composed of at least six genes (hMSH2, hMLH1, hMSH3, hPMS1, hPMS2 and GTBP/hMSH6). In particular, hMSH2 and hMLH1 are expressed in cells undergoing rapid renewal; their reduced expression has been reported in several tumors., Methods: We examined the expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 by immunohistochemistry in tumor specimens from 43 patients with primary tumors., Results: All carcinomas (n = 20) expressed these proteins. In addition, when compared to pleomorphic adenomas, malignant tumors contained significantly (P < 0.01) higher proportions of hMSH2 (56.1 +/- 31.5 vs. 31.1 +/- 22.6) and hMLH1 (27.9 +/- 26.0 vs. 14.0 +/- 12.6) positive cells. Warthin's tumors showed no specific nuclear staining of tumor cells for both hMSH2 and hMLH1., Conclusions: These data suggest a minor, if any, role for a defect in the hMMR system in the pathogenesis of malignant salivary gland tumors.

The human DNA mismatch repair (hMMR) system plays an important role in reducing mutation and maintaining genomic stability. The MMR system in human cells is composed of at least six genes (hMSH2, hMLH1, hMSH3, hPMS1, hPMS2 and GTBP/hMSH6). In particular, hMSH2 and hMLH1 are expressed in human cells that are undergoing rapid renewal; their reduced expression has been reported in several tumors. We examined the protein expression pattern of hMSH2 and hMLH1 by immunohistochemistry in 25 ameloblastomas. All ameloblastomas expressed hMSH2 and hMLH1 proteins in the outer layer of epithelial cells. The localization of the staining was exclusively nuclear. These data suggest that the development and progression of these tumors do not depend on a defect in the hMMR system.