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Because high‐status employees make disproportional contributions to firms, prior literature suggests that their departure would undermine various organizational outcomes. Building on recent literature, however, we suspect that a high‐status employee may have seized disproportional resources and credits from coworkers, thereby restricting them from performing, particularly when the work context is more independent and contested. As a result, the departure of a high‐status employee may bring staying coworkers more resources and incentives to perform, causing their performance to improve. To test this possibility, we examine the effect of high‐status analysts' departure on the individual performance of analysts who remain, using a sample of sell‐side analysts in Chinese financial brokerage firms. Employing a before‐and‐after treatment research design, we find evidence that after the departure of a high‐status analyst, the staying coworkers' individual performance is significantly improved. It is particularly so when they share greater industry overlap with the departing analyst. Our extensional analyses also investigate additional contingencies, which helps provide valuable hints about possible mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to a financial crisis, many organizations adjust their pay systems to reduce labor costs. In this research, we focus on the use of delayed pay (the postponement of employees' contractual compensation) and examine its effect on employee voluntary turnover outcomes. In a field study (Study 1) with data collected from the executive managers of 129 Chinese hotels experiencing a financial crisis caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), we find a positive relationship between delayed pay and the voluntary turnover rate at the organizational level. In addition, this relationship becomes weaker when delayed pay consists of a larger proportion of pay‐for‐performance (PFP). We then conduct an experiment (Study 2) to extend our theoretical framework to the individual level, establish causality, and examine the underlying mechanism. The results show that the perceived negative instrumentality of stay (i.e., expected economic losses associated with staying in an organization) explains why individuals intend to leave organizations adopting delayed base pay but not delayed PFP. We further replicate these findings in a critical incident technique study (Study 3). We also discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present article, we propose the concept of the HR function's relational activities and examine its influence on the firm's human capital resources (HCRs) and performance. Integrating insights from various streams of research in strategic human resource management (HRM) and strategic human capital, we develop a relational perspective of the HR function and propose the relational activities as the HR function's advisory and informative activities toward its internal stakeholders (i.e., line managers, employees, and senior managers) to help the stakeholders meet their goals and needs. In our framework, we theorize how the HR function's relational activities lead to superior firm performance by enhancing the firm's HCRs and identify the firm's strategic HR systems and human capital losses as factors that complement and necessitate the HR function's relational activities, respectively. Using a five‐wave, nationally representative panel dataset covering 1415 firm observations, we find robust support for our hypotheses: the HR function's relational activities were positively related to HCRs, which was more pronounced when coupled with high levels of strategic HR systems and human capital losses. The HCRs, in turn, transmitted the effects of the relational activities on the firm's subsequent operational and financial performance. Overall, these findings develop strategic HRM theory by contributing a more comprehensive conceptualization of the HR function's role in the strategic HRM process and by revealing its effects on firm performance along with key moderators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Methods Results Conclusion This study aimed to review the activities of the Kobe City Initial‐phase Intensive Support Team for Dementia pre‐ and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, to compare the characteristics of the target population and the performance of the team's activities, and determine the impact of the pandemic on the team's project.The summary data obtained at the time of consultation, team activities, and participants' characteristics were extracted from 662 participants who started to receive support between April 2018 and March 2022. Statistical analysis was performed by dividing the participants into the following two groups: pre‐ and during COVID‐19 pandemic groups.There was no significant difference in the number of new cases or cases that led to a dementia diagnosis between the pre‐ and during COVID‐19 pandemic groups. However, there were significant differences in the number of home visits and rate of introduction of medical care between the two groups. In our study population, the number of participants with financial management difficulties and delusions increased and the number of participants who refused visitations slightly decreased.The Kobe City Initial‐phase Intensive Support Team was able to continue its activities during the pandemic partly because the team is an independent, dedicated team. During the pandemic, there was an increase in the number of participants who were isolated because they were deprived of opportunities to interact with others, and who developed delusions and other psychiatric symptoms. Despite this situation, the professional team responded quickly through individual assessment of the individual needs by continuous outreach, taking into account the infection situation, and thus this outreach team functioned well even under the COVID‐19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been applied to financial portfolio management in recent years. Current studies mostly focus on profit accumulation without much consideration of risk. Some risk‐return balanced studies extract features from price and volume data only, which is highly correlated and missing representation of risk features. To tackle these problems, we propose a weight control unit (WCU) to effectively manage the position of portfolio management in different market statuses. A loss penalty term is also designed in the reward function to prevent sharp drawdown during trading. Moreover, stock spatial interrelation representing the correlation between two different stocks is captured by a graph convolution network based on fundamental data. Temporal interrelation is also captured by a temporal convolutional network based on new factors designed with price and volume data. Both spatial and temporal interrelation work for better feature extraction from historical data and also make the model more interpretable. Finally, a deep deterministic policy gradient actor–critic RL is applied to explore optimal policy in portfolio management. We conduct our approach in a challenging non‐short‐selling market, and the experiment results show that our method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods in both profit and risk criteria. Specifically, with 6.72% improvement on an annualized rate of return, 7.72% decrease in maximum drawdown, and a better annualized Sharpe ratio of 0.112. Also, the loss penalty and WCU provide new aspects for future work in risk control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maternal anaemia is a major public health problem. Developing maternal anaemia prevention and control policies is an important prerequisite for carrying out evidence‐based interventions. This article reviews maternal anaemia prevention and control policies in China, identifies gaps, and provides references for other countries. We examined policies concerning maternal nutrition and other related literature in China, identified through key databases and government websites, and conducted a narrative review of the relevant documentations guided by the Smith Policy‐Implementing‐Process framework. A total of 65 articles and documents were identified for analysis. We found that Chinese government has committed to reducing maternal anaemia at the policy level, with established objectives and a clear time frame. However, most of policies were not accompanied by operational guidelines, standardized interventions, and vigorous monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, and 85% of the policies don't have quantifiable objectives on anaemia. Maternal anaemia prevention and control services offered in clinical settings were primarily nutrition education and anaemia screening. Population‐based interventions such as iron fortification have yet to be scaled up. Furthermore, medical insurance schemes in some regions do not cover anaemia prevention and treatment, and in other regions that offer coverage, the reimbursement rate is low. The number and capacity of health professionals is also limited. Policy changes should focus on the integration of evidence‐based interventions into routine antenatal care services and public health service packages, standardization of dosages and provision of iron supplementation, streamline of reimbursement for outpatient expenses, and capacity building of health professionals. Key messages: The Government of China has established targets with a clear time frame for maternal anaemia prevention and control and identified several interventions at the national level.There are still gaps in policy‐binding forces, prevention strategies, reimbursement regulations of medical insurance schemes, and human resource.Policy changes should focus on the integration of evidence‐based interventions into routine antenatal care services and public health service packages, standardization of dosages and provision of iron supplementation, streamline of reimbursement for outpatient expenses, and capacity building of health professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance of home care globally is significantly impacted by the political reforms in the public and private sectors. This research investigated the Australian contexts of home care quality and the use of "brokerage" during times of change. The research utilised a qualitative post‐structural approach to gather data about home care service provision through conducting semi‐structured interviews of 10 Australian home care business leaders. What emerged in the discourse was how central to everyday practices was the need for business leaders to network and 'dance a political tango' to ensure quality in service provision. Illuminated was how the leaders pushed back against governmental and economic structures by using models of brokerage to compensate for economic and staffing deficiencies. This is essential for the ongoing improvement and performance of home care in the Australian social arena of caring for our most vulnerable consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine fund managers' mobility across different funds and the factors associated with their moving to new posts. Based on a comprehensive and unique dataset of open‐ended funds of the booming Chinese mutual fund industry, we model the duration of a fund manager's service as a time‐to‐event counting process and examine how the prevailing market conditions, the manager's performance and the risk profile of the fund determine how long the manager will remain in post. Our study establishes that managerial performance and rising rather than falling markets are the two main factors that make managers less likely to remain in their posts. In contrast, the riskier the profile of the fund with respect to the market, the less likely it is that a manager will move. When all factors are considered, it appears that open‐ended fund managers leave their posts when offered better employment prospects rather than when confronted by market adversity. Our study provides a novel insight into the optimization of investment decisions and encourages regulators to scrutinize the disclosure of appropriate information to investors regarding fund manager changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated the mediating role of financial inclusion in the relationship between financial literacy and financial well-being in Ghana. Using PLS-SEM, we found that financial inclusion indeed mediates financial literacy and financial well-being in Ghana. We also documented a positive and significant relationship between Ghanaians' financial literacy and financial well-being. Again, financial literacy has a direct positive effect on financial inclusion. Hence, to enhance the impact of financial literacy on financial well-being in Ghana, policymakers should grant financial institutions enough freedom to offer a variety of financial services; financial institutions that have lost credibility in Ghana (such as insurance companies) should be put in check to build the trust of Ghanaians in them; and the cost of using a mobile phone and internet services to access financial services in Ghana should be reduced. The management of financial institutions can utilize the freedom offered to them by policymakers to offer various financial services to the public, build trust in customers, and offer lower-cost services to help improve the financial well-being of Ghanaians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop and test a multi‐stakeholder perspective of intrafamily CEO succession by exploring how family CEO successors affect post‐succession firm performance under conditions of sustainable human resource management (sustainable HRM) practices toward employees and top managers, as well as corporate philanthropic activities in the broader community. Using a sample of 414 CEO successions in family firms listed on China's stock exchanges during 2008–2016, we find an insurance‐like effect of both sustainable HRM and corporate philanthropy in enhancing firm performance of family CEO successors. Our results also show that firms with family CEO successors will outperform those with nonfamily counterparts under conditions of high employee compensation, low top management team (TMT) compensation, and long TMT tenure. Our findings suggest that sustainable HRM and corporate philanthropy complement rather than substitute in strengthening family leadership during CEO succession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on decisions to exercise and hold company stock at the maturity of a broad‐based employee stock options plan. It investigates why some participants choose an uncertain and risky future reward when an immediate and certain increase in wealth could be secured at exercise. It draws on and expands the "mixed gambles" perspective in behavioral agency theory, utilizing a combination of stock price data and employee survey data from British companies with tax‐approved stock option plans. It is found that the decision to take a gamble is influenced (negatively) by the extent of stock price lows (relative to prices at exercise) in the year prior to exercise, and by the risk preferences of the option holder. The findings contribute to further development of the "mixed gambles" perspective as an explanation of stock option behavior, showing that individual characteristics as well as some stock price movements affect behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inspired by the sociology of Zelizer, this article lays out a framework of analysis that sheds light on money management as a cornerstone of the social organization of care. First, it lays out the features of the money management of care and caretaking practices to reveal a cyclical process in which the money side of care is rendered invisible and naturalized. It then turns to the question of debt, a key aspect of money management, and its reinforcement of gender inequalities during the care crisis associated with COVID‐19. The findings are drawn from a qualitative survey of low‐income households conducted in Argentina in 2021 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to processes of financialisation, financial parties increasingly penetrate the healthcare domain and determine under which conditions care is delivered. Their influence becomes especially visible when healthcare organisations face financial distress. By zooming‐in on two of such cases, we come to know more about the considerations, motives and actions of financial parties in healthcare. In this research, we were able to examine the social dynamics between healthcare executives, banks and health insurers involved in a Dutch hospital and mental healthcare organisation on the verge of bankruptcy. Informed by interviews, document analysis and translation theory, we reconstructed the motives and strategies of executives, banks and health insurers and show how they play a crucial role in decision‐making processes surrounding the survival or downfall of healthcare organisations. While parties are bound by legislation and company procedures, the outcome of financial distress can still be influenced. Much depends on how executives are perceived by financial stakeholders and how they deal with threats of destabilisation of the network. We further draw attention to the consequences of financialisation processes on the practices of healthcare organisations in financial distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The creation of breast cancer practice guidelines requires proper management of financial relationships with drug companies, as they can introduce conflicts of interest (COIs) among guideline authors. However, little is known about the specific landscape and fraction of financial interactions between the authors of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society Clinical Practice Guidelines for Breast Cancer, edition 2022 (JBCS2022) and drug companies. Methods: Using payment data publicly disclosed by major drug companies in Japan, this study analysed the personal payments made to the authors of JBCS2022 between 2016 and 2020. We performed descriptive analyses on the payment data. Results: Of the 149 JBCS2022 authors, 115 (77.2%) received at least one personal payment totaling $3 828 455 from drug companies between 2016 and 2020. The average and median payment amounts per author were $25 772 (standard deviation: $58 197) and $2761 (interquartile range: $322‒$15 828), respectively. The total annual payments per JBCS2022 authors between 2016 and 2019 increased from $588 054 in 2016 to $967 802 in 2019. The JBCS2022 chairperson and vice‐chairperson received $246 936 (fourth highest) and $216 744 (fifth highest) over the 5 years. More than 60% of personal payments to the JBCS2022 authors were not declared by the authors as they were below the declaration threshold set by the Japanese Breast Cancer Society. However, nine authors undeclared personal payments summing $594 615 even though these payments were higher than the thresholds. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the majority of the breast cancer guideline authors received personal payments from drug companies in Japan. Furthermore, the majority of payments were not declared because of the less transparent COI policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide updated results about the link between student loan debt and emergency savings with financial stress, and after conditioning for differences in social and personal resources. We use the stress process model framework and data from the 2020 Study on Collegiate Financial Wellness (N = 25,310) to estimate ordered probit regression models. The 2020 data confirm that students report higher levels of stress if they hold more loan debt and have lower emergency savings. Students with higher levels of financial socialization and financial self‐efficacy experience less financial stress and experience more stress when they report both positive and negative financial management behaviors. Among student‐borrowers, the role of social and personal resources is weakened. The data confirm ongoing financial stress among college students and points to the important role of financial socialization through parents and financial skill in students' ability to cope with financial stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used a longitudinal probability sample survey, Understanding Society: Covid‐19, to examine trajectories in adolescents' mental health, via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, at three timepoints during Covid‐19 with a particular emphasis on vulnerable groups (i.e., young carers, adolescent girls, BAME—Black, Asian and minority ethnic, and adolescents in financially strained households). Generally, self‐reports of emotional and total difficulties remained stable during the pandemic, although adolescents who had limited social support were far more likely to report severe emotional and total difficulties. Young people with pre‐existing mental and physical health conditions appeared more resilient, whereas vulnerable young people were hit the hardest during the pandemic. Compared to their less vulnerable peers, young carers, adolescent girls, Black or mixed‐race young people and adolescents in financially strained households were more likely to report reduced mental health during the pandemic. It is hoped that the findings will contribute to debates about the pandemic unveiling existing mental health inequalities in society, and to public policy in an era of perma‐crises as we currently face a cost of living crisis where public services are under enormous strain to reach those who need them most. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Successfully adjusting to retirement, in terms of achieving psychological comfort with one's retirement life, represents a major challenge for older workers. Although current literature emphasizes that it may depend on the availability and fluctuation of specific resources, little is known about which types and how resources allow recent retirees to adjust to retirement. Drawing on the resource‐based dynamic model for retirement adjustment and conservation of resources theory, the current study aims to elaborate theory on resources' types, relative importance and combinations in caravans, and the processes through which they shape successful retirement adjustment. In a consensual qualitative research using abductive reasoning with recent retirees aged 66–69, we find four major resource types. We show that their importance varies (from the most important to the least: social interactions, life conditions, time management and individuality) and that they travel in caravans within a resource type. We further propose a model highlighting how these resources shape successful retirement adjustment through resources signal, conservation and acquisition processes. Overall, our findings offer theoretical and empirical contributions to the resource perspective on retirement adjustment and to conservation of resources theory's understanding of resources' categorization, processes and caravans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: We examined whether subgroups of adolescents experienced disparate changes in school connectedness—a robust predictor of multiple health outcomes—from before the COVID‐19 pandemic to the first full school year following pandemic onset. METHODS: We used 2 waves of prospective survey data from 7178 students attending 41 Canadian secondary schools that participated during the 2019‐2020 (T1; pre‐COVID‐19 onset) and 2020‐2021 (T2; ongoing pandemic) school years. Fixed effects analyses tested differences in school connectedness changes by gender, race, bullying victimization, socioeconomic position, and school learning mode. RESULTS: Relatively greater declines in school connectedness were reported by students that identified as females, were bullied, perceived their family to be less financially comfortable than their classmates, and attended schools in lower income areas. Marginally greater school connectedness declines resulted among students attending schools that were fully online at T2 than those at schools using a blended model. CONCLUSION: Results point to disparate school connectedness declines during the pandemic, which may exacerbate pre‐existing health inequities by gender and socioeconomic position, and among bullied youth. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: Effective strategies to improve school climates for equity denied groups are critical for pandemic recovery and preparedness for future related events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We review the recent literature on the assurance of Extended External Reporting published since the review published in 2021 in the Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting. Our review includes 50 articles published between 2020 and August 2023 across 30 journals ranked A*, A, or B on the Australian Business Deans Council 2022 Journal Quality List. We find that the literature continues to be dominated by positivist studies investigating the determinants and consequences of assurance. Studies on determinants examine carbon assurance, ownership, governance, and institutional themes. The consequences studies included in our review examine reporting‐related outcomes and investors' decisions. Other (qualitative) studies we reviewed examine issues such as assurance providers seeking meaning in their work and their attempts to promote assurance beyond merely a verification tool. We highlight several avenues for future research that could inform the work of standard setters and regulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a behavioral approach, citizen evaluations of government performance have been an area of study in public administration. Research has explored how different factors influence citizens' perceptions of public organizations, such as public sector bias and reference points. Understudied in this literature is how citizens evaluate government based on their use of financial management strategies. The Pandemic and other economic challenges have forced governments to engage in cutback management strategies to balance the budget. How do citizens evaluate governments based on their cutback strategies? To answer this theoretical question, we employ a survey experiment design with over 1600 respondents from the U.S. to explore how four cutback management strategies can influence citizen evaluations of government. Our findings suggest that cutback management strategies do influence citizens' evaluation of government in trust, satisfaction, performance, and fairness. Citizens are more favorable to infrastructure or materials and contractor cuts than increasing taxes or reducing personnel. Further analysis by respondent partisanship indicates Democrats are more accepting of tax increases. Republicans rate governments lower when they cut capital and infrastructure and rate governments higher when they decrease personnel expenditures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unpredictable income poses a significant threat to economic stability for many U.S. households. While budgeting may help to mitigate some of the negative effects of unpredictable income, the process of budgeting can also be more challenging under such circumstances. This paper presents new descriptive evidence on the relationship between income predictability, financial wellbeing, and budgeting behavior using data from a nationally‐representative survey of nearly 4000 U.S. adults. We document a strong negative relationship between income unpredictability and financial wellbeing. However, the strength of this negative relationship is substantially attenuated for those who budget. This suggests that budgeting may be a useful tool for mitigating the adverse effects of unpredictable income. Despite these benefits, the propensity to budget is significantly lower among those with the most unpredictable income. These findings indicate the need for policy reforms that insure households against unpredictable income in addition to efforts targeting individual‐level financial management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child stunting due to linear growth faltering remains a pervasive issue in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Two schools of thought have existed pertaining to the role of domestic livestock ownership (DLO) in child linear growth. On one hand, it is argued that DLO leads to greater income and financial security, resulting in better child‐raising conditions, including greater animal‐source food (ASF) consumption, having protective effects towards child stunting. On the other hand, researchers argue that DLO contributes to faecal contamination and transmission of zoonotic enteric infections from animals to children, thus having destructive effects on child growth. Reviews of this association have revealed ambiguous findings. In this perspective, we argue that measuring the association between exposures to domesticated animals and child stunting is difficult and the ambiguous associations revealed are a result of confounding and differences in the management of DLO. We also argue that the increasingly prominent area of research of environmental enteric dysfunction, a sub‐clinical condition of the small intestine thought to be due to frequent faecal pathogen exposure and associated with stunting, will be a useful tool to measure the potential destructive effects of DLO on child growth. We present our argument and identify challenges and considerations and directions for future research. Key messages: Research shows mixed effects of domestic livestock ownership on child linear growth in low‐ and middle‐income countries.Positive effects may flow on to improving child nutrition where animals and poultry are used for consumption or contribute to higher income and subsequent better child nutrition and home environment.Negative effects towards child growth occur where livestock is owned in such a way that infants are chronically exposed to animal faeces, which may result in environmental enteric dysfunction and diarrhoea.Stunting interventions must reduce infants' exposure to animal faeces whilst being sensitive to the role of livestock for the household economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the mental well‐being outcomes of participants in the HudsonUP pilot, a 5‐year basic income initiative for low to mid‐income residents of Hudson, NY. The study employs a mixed‐methods approach, including both quantitative surveys and qualitative phenomenological interviews, to better understand participants' experiences 2 years into the pilot. Through the lens of the psychological theory of scarcity, findings indicate that the HudsonUP program has improved the overall mental well‐being of the participants by reducing the stress and anxiety associated with financial insecurity and helping them to meet their basic needs, pursue further education, and career opportunities. Despite the challenges of the ongoing pandemic and inflation, participants expressed gratitude for the "undercurrent of stability" provided by the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Successful retirement adjustment requires careful planning in the lead up to this important life transition. While financial planning is routinely prioritized, evidence suggests that the social changes in retirement can be just as challenging to manage — if not more. GROUPS 4 RETIREMENT (G4R) is a new online intervention that addresses this gap by targeting the identity changes that people typically experience in retirement. This paper reports findings from two studies evaluating the acceptability and efficacy of this intervention. Study 1 (N = 89) used a pre‐post design to assess G4R and found that the intervention was positively evaluated by users and led to significant increases in their sense of thriving, perceived control, life satisfaction, anticipated retirement satisfaction, and planning intentions. Study 2 (N = 98) tested the intervention using an experimental design in which participants were randomly assigned to either G4R or a financial planning control condition. Results showed that G4R was as effective as financial planning in improving most outcomes and showed a clear advantage in increasing anticipated retirement satisfaction and intentions to engage in social and activities planning. Together, these studies provide initial evidence of the value of engaging in social identity‐focused social planning to support well‐being and preparedness in the lead up to retirement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food insecurity is a prominent social determinant of health. There is evidence of increasing food insecurity in high‐income countries amid inflationary pressures. Yet, we know relatively little about the strategies that people employ to manage food insecurity nor how the severity of food insecurity affects the use of these strategies. Accordingly, this study of a nonprobability convenience online panel sample of 1284 adults in Tasmania assessed food insecurity and the strategies undertaken to manage rising costs of living. Structural equation modelling of 51 financial management actions revealed five strategies: reducing food quantity and quality, reducing housing and transport costs, drawing on assets, savings and credit, reducing insurance costs and reducing discretionary expenditure. Generalised linear regression modelling demonstrated that the use of coping strategies increased significantly with each categorical increase in food insecurity for each strategy except reducing insurance costs, in which increases became significant at moderate food insecurity. Overall, the results suggest that those experiencing food insecurity are also sacrificing in other areas, which is likely to have immediate and longer‐term effects on health, social and financial wellbeing. Opportunities to mitigate these consequences, including strengthening of social safety nets, nutrition programmes and structural investment to ensure universal access to food, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided by an intersectional feminism framework, we used three‐wave, dyadic survey data from a nationally representative sample of 1625 U.S. different‐gender newlywed couples to test three research questions. First, as balanced power is considered a key concept for relational well‐being in feminism, we examined developmental trajectories in husbands' and wives' perception of power (im)balance. Second, considering money as a major influence on power and aggression, we examined how financial behaviors relate to power (im)balance and in turn relational aggression—a type of intimate partner violence that is controlling and manipulative in nature. Third, informed by the intersectionality between gender and socioeconomic status (SES), we examined gender differences and SES disparities in the associations among financial behaviors, developmental trajectories of perception of power (im)balance, and relational aggression. Our findings demonstrate that newlywed different‐gender couples are experiencing power struggles, where two partners diminish each other's influence over time. We also found that healthy financial behaviors are associated with balanced power and, in turn, less relational aggression (especially for wives and in lower‐SES households). Taken collectively, we continue calling for efforts to facilitate money management skills and promote balanced marital power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the Clinical Assistant (CA) program implemented by Western Health in Victoria, Australia, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The program recruited final year medical students to work as Level 4 Casual Support Service employees, assisting with administrative and low-risk clinical tasks in hospitals. The program has been successful in relieving the workload of junior doctors and providing valuable experience for medical students. The article suggests that the CA program could be a sustainable solution to ongoing workforce shortages in the healthcare system and could be applied in other industries facing similar challenges. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: Non‐operating revenue (NOR), derived from investments, contributions, government appropriations, and medical space rentals, can contribute to financial stability of hospitals by offsetting operating losses and improving profitability. NOR might benefit rural hospitals that often face intense financial pressures. However, little is known about how much rural hospitals rely on NOR and if certain organizational characteristics are associated with differences in NOR. Methods: Healthcare Cost Report Information System data from 2011 to 2019 were used to analyze sources of revenue among Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) and Rural Prospective Payment System (R‐PPS) hospitals through descriptive statistics and regression models. Reliance on NOR was measured by the percentage of total revenue from non‐operating sources. Findings: Results indicate that both CAHs and R‐PPS hospitals rely on NOR; however, CAHs have a higher percentage of total revenue derived from non‐operating sources (3.2%) as compared to R‐PPS hospitals (1.9%) (p < 0.001). Government‐owned hospitals have significantly higher reliance on NOR than other ownership types. System affiliation also influences reliance on NOR. Lastly, results suggest that NOR may play a role in improving overall profit margins. Conclusions: As rural hospitals disproportionately face challenges related to declining profitability and the risk for closure, they may rely on NOR to continue to strengthen financial performance and provide health care to their communities. However, NOR is not guaranteed, and reliance on NOR further reiterates the value of stable, adequate reimbursement to guard against fluctuations in NOR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We build an active asset management model to study the interplay between the career concerns of a manager and prevailing market conditions. We show that fund managers overinvest in market-neutral strategies, as these have a reputational benefit. This benefit is smaller in bull markets, when investors expect more managers to use high-beta strategies, making their performance less informative about their ability than in bear markets. Consequently, fund flows that follow high-beta strategies are less responsive to the fund's performance, and flow-performance sensitivity is higher in bear markets than in bull markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Question/Issue: This study investigates whether the impact of the mandatory adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on earnings management practices varies between family and non‐family firms. Specifically, we examine the effects of different family ownership configurations and the CEO family identity. Research Findings/Insights: We find that firms in Taiwan use less accrual‐based earnings management (ABEM) under the IFRS but more real earnings management (REM). On average, IFRS adoption is less likely to result in upward ABEM and REM in family firms than in non‐family firms. However, family firms with greater family ownership, lower family cash–vote divergence, a founder CEO, or a professional CEO are more likely to promote the positive effect of the IFRS on ABEM and mitigate the negative effect of the IFRS on REM. Furthermore, these firms are less likely to substitute ABEM with REM after the transition to the IFRS. Theoretical/Academic Implications: While recent literature has paid increasing attention to various governance characteristics that shape management's reporting incentives and, thus, affect the consequences of mandatory IFRS adoption, we focus on family firms in which the principal–principal agency relationship between controlling owners and other shareholders is salient. We highlight the effect of family owners' different agency features in relation to a structural change in the accounting regime. Practitioner/Policy Implications: This study addresses how a firm's corporate governance influences the net benefits of implementing new accounting standards. Our evidence offers insights to policymakers and capital market participants, showing that variations in family owners' reporting incentives may have different impacts on the consequences of adopting the IFRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited evidence and less comprehensive approach to post‐project sustainability evaluation has raised the need for incorporating complexity concepts in project sustainability evaluation. This study aims to develop a project sustainability evaluation framework by using a complex systems approach and to apply the framework to a microfinance project in Indonesia. This qualitative research is based on thematic analysis. The components of the proposed framework involve mission, input, process, output, performance, governance (including stakeholders, subsystems and feedback mechanisms) and the environment of the projects. Results show that the framework is able to provide comprehensive information including project sustainability dimensions and routinization, the possibility to detect ineffective or undesirable practices, project governance, its performance, the persistent practice and changes. The application to the microfinance project reveals that the microfinance project can achieve sustainability without subsidies by achieving financial goals while maintaining social missions. Implications for project sustainability and microfinance are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Delirium is a significant geriatric condition associated with adverse clinical and economic outcomes. The cause of delirium is usually multifactorial, and person‐centered multicomponent approaches for proper delirium management are required. In 2017, the John A. Hartford Foundation and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) launched a national initiative, Age‐Friendly Health System (AFHS), promoting the use of a framework called 4Ms (what matters, medication, mentation, and mobility). The 4Ms framework's primary goal is to provide comprehensive and practical person‐centered care for older adults and it aligns with the core concepts of optimal delirium management. In this special article, we demonstrate how a traditional delirium prevention and management model can be assessed from the perspective of AFHS. An example is the crosswalk with the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) Core Interventions and the 4MS, which demonstrates alignment in delirium management. We also introduce useful tools to create an AFHS environment in delirium management. Although much has been written about delirium management, there is a need to identify the critical steps in advancing the overall delirium care in the context of the AFHS. In this article, we suggest future directions, including the need for more prospective and comprehensive research to assess the impact of AFHS on delirium care, the need for more innovative and sustainable education platforms, fundamental changes in the healthcare payment system for proper adoption of AFHS in any healthcare setting, and application of AFHS in the community for continuity of care for older adults with delirium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Financial toxicity contributes to psychosocial distress among cancer patients and survivors. Yet, contextual factors unique to rural settings affect patient experiences, and a deeper understanding is needed of the interplay between financial toxicity and health care team communication and its association with psychosocial well‐being among rural oncology patients. Purpose: We examined associations between financial toxicity and psychosocial well‐being among rural cancer patients, exploring variability in these linkages by health care team communication. Methods: Using data from 273 rural cancer patients who participated in Cancer Support Community's Cancer Experience Registry, we estimated multivariable regression models predicting depression, anxiety, and social function by financial toxicity, health care team communication, and the interplay between them. Results: We demonstrate robust associations between financial toxicity and psychosocial outcomes among our sample of rural cancer patients and survivors. As financial toxicity increased, symptoms of depression and anxiety increased. Further, financial toxicity was linked with decreasing social function. Having health care team conversations about treatment costs and distress‐related care reduced the negative impact of financial toxicity on depressive symptoms and social function, respectively, in rural cancer patients at greatest risk for financial burden. Conclusions: Financial toxicity and psychosocial well‐being are strongly linked, and these associations were confirmed in a rural sample. A theorized buffer to the detrimental impacts of financial toxicity—health care team communication—played a role in moderating these associations. Our findings suggest that health care providers in rural oncology settings may benefit from tools and resources to bolster communication with patients about costs, financial distress, and coordination of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which analyzed Adult Protective Services (APS) data to delineate the relationship between self-neglect and elder mistreatment. Topics discussed include demographics by subtype of elder mistreatment and first substantiated self-neglect (FSSN), common features of high-risk self-neglect that often occur with a steadfast refusal of medical care that can be a source of distress for clinicians, and implications of the findings.

Financial incentives and support have positive impacts on child development and health. The brief uses data collected from a randomized experiment to examine parents' views of child development accounts (CDAs), a universal asset‐building policy to deliver financial subsidies for adolescent development, education, health and other developmental outcomes. Parents in the treatment and control groups have similar views on the universal CDA policy model, and more than 80% of them supported nine tested policy features of CDAs. Public opinion reflected in parents' views is critical for successful policymaking of such policies for children and families in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topic of green human resource management (HRM) has drawn increasing attention of HRM scholars in the past decade. Recent research has called for more studies to identify the antecedents of green HRM used in organizations and explore the mediating mechanisms through which green HRM is related to performance outcomes. This study represents an effort to address these research needs by examining the joint effects of chief executive officer (CEO) environmental belief and external pollution severity on the use of green HRM and testing the mediating role of employee environmental commitment in the relationship between green HRM and firm performance. Drawing upon data collected from multiple sources (i.e., survey data from chief executive officer (CEOs), chief financial officers (CFOs), HR managers and employees, and archival data from government statistics), we found that CEO's environmental belief is significantly related to the use of green HRM, especially for companies operating in locations with severer pollution. Green HRM in turn has a positive relationship with the firm's environmental and financial performances via employee commitment to the environment. The findings highlight the often‐overlooked role of in the strategic HRM literature pertinent to environmental management and clarify the antecedents and influential mechanisms of green HRM at the firm level of analysis. We also discuss theoretical and practical implications in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An academic journal is produced by a voluntary organization of scholars who create bodies of common knowledge consisting of the journal's published articles, along with all the references that link to the sources of knowledge for those articles. Even journals in the same discipline develop distinct bodies of common knowledge. New articles simultaneously build on and contribute to this common knowledge and we argue that this interaction with a journal's common knowledge influences how an article will be cited in the future. We explore the ecosystem identified by the Financial Times 50 management journals, demonstrating the overlap and distinction in their common knowledge. We find that journals fundamentally differ in the body of knowledge that comprises them, the sources of knowledge that contribute to them, and the journals to which they make an impact. Our findings generate novel insights into how the references cited in an article affect future citations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policy PointsState and federal payers are actively considering strategies to increase the adoption of social risk screening and interventions in health care settings, including through the use of financial incentives.Activities related to social care in Oregon community health centers (CHCs) provided a unique opportunity to explore whether and how fee‐for‐service payments for social risk screening and navigation influence CHC activities.CHC staff, clinicians, and administrative leaders were often unaware of existing financial payments for social risk screening and navigation services. As currently designed, fee‐for‐service payments are unlikely to strongly influence CHC social care practices. Context: A growing crop of national policies has emerged to encourage health care delivery systems to ask about and try to address patients' social risks, e.g., food, housing, and transportation insecurity, in care delivery contexts. In this study, we explored how community health center (CHC) staff perceive the current and potential influence of fee‐for‐service payments on clinical teams' engagement in these activities. Methods: We interviewed 42 clinicians, frontline staff, and administrative leaders from 12 Oregon CHC clinical sites about their social care initiatives, including about the role of existing or anticipated financial payments intended to promote social risk screening and referrals to social services. Data were analyzed using both inductive and deductive thematic analysis approaches. Findings: We grouped findings into three categories: participants' awareness of existing or anticipated financial incentives, uses for incentive dollars, and perceived impact of financial incentives on social care activities in clinical practices. Lack of awareness of existing incentives meant these incentives were not perceived to influence the behaviors of staff responsible for conducting screening and providing referrals. Current or anticipated meaningful uses for incentive dollars included paying for social care staff, providing social services, and supporting additional fundraising efforts. Frontline staff reported that the strongest motivator for clinic social care practices was the ability to provide responsive social services. Clinic leaders/managers noted that for financial incentives to substantively change CHC practices would require payments sizable enough to expand the social care workforce as well. Conclusions: Small fee‐for‐service payments to CHCs for social risk screening and navigation services are unlikely to markedly influence CHC social care practices. Refining the design of financial incentives—e.g., by increasing clinical teams' awareness of incentives, linking screening to well‐funded social services, and changing incentive amounts to support social care staffing needs—may increase the uptake of social care practices in CHCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To quantify the value of maternity health care — the relationship of outcomes to costs — in Queensland during 2012–18. Study design: Retrospective observational study; analysis of Queensland Perinatal Data Collection data linked with the Queensland Health Admitted Patient, Non‐Admitted Patient, and Emergency Data Collections, and with the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) databases. Setting, participants: All births in Queensland during 1 July 2012 – 30 June 2018. Main outcome measures: Maternity care costs per birth (reported in 2021–22 Australian dollars), both overall and by funder type (public hospital funders, MBS, PBS, private health insurers, out‐of‐pocket costs); value of care, defined as total cost per positive birth outcome (composite measure). Results: The mean cost per birth (all funders) increased from $20 471 (standard deviation [SD], $17 513) during the second half of 2012 to $30 000 (SD, $22 323) during the first half of 2018; the annual total costs for all births increased from $1.31 billion to $1.84 billion, despite a slight decline in the total number of births. In a mixed effects linear analysis adjusted for demographic, clinical, and birth characteristics, the mean total cost per birth in the second half of 2018 was $9493 higher (99.9% confidence interval, $8930–10 056) than during the first half of 2012. The proportion of births that did not satisfy our criteria for a positive birth outcome increased from 27.1% (8404 births) during the second half of 2012 to 30.5% (9041 births) during the first half of 2018. Conclusion: The costs of maternity care have increased in Queensland, and many adverse birth outcomes have become more frequent. Broad clinical collaboration, effective prevention and treatment strategies, as well as maternal health services focused on all dimensions of value, are needed to ensure the quality and viability of maternity care in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how financial management practices and competitive advantage affect loan performance of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in Ghana's Ashanti Region. The research employs a cross‐sectional design with a sample of 85 Ashanti Region MFIs, following Krejcie and Morgan's guidelines for sample selection. Employing a positivist approach with quantitative analysis, primary data comes from closed‐ended questionnaires given to Credit Directors, Credit Department, and Risk Managers, selected randomly from staff lists. Results reveal financial management practices significantly impact loan performance and competitive advantage. However, competitive advantage, under controlled conditions, does not significantly predict loan performance. This highlights financial management's crucial role in shaping loan performance and competitive advantage in MFIs. The study suggests that sustaining growth requires Ghana's Central Bank to enforce adherence to standards for liquidity management. This research adds a fresh perspective to understanding financial management practices, competitive advantage, and loan performance in Sub‐Saharan Africa's MFIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Financial incentives for chief executive officers (CEOs) are thought to motivate them to lead their company toward achieving important business objectives. Based on the Rousseau et al. (2019) protocol, this systematic review assesses the predictive effects of CEO incentives on certain business outcomes. Objectives: This review addresses whether CEO financial incentives predict: (1) firm financial performance and (2) financial restatement due to misreporting. Search methods: We searched nine research databases for published peer‐reviewed literature (to July 23–26, 2021 and an attenuated search from those dates to July 27–31, 2023) and thirteen professional association websites for non‐published gray literature (to August 2021). We also hand‐searched selected relevant journals. Selection criteria: We reviewed peer‐reviewed and unpublished studies available in English since 1980. Eligible studies regarding our first question assessed CEO financial incentives (1) 1 year or more before the measurement of outcomes, (2) controlled for pre‐incentive firm performance or market conditions, and (3) analyzed CEO financial incentives as predictors of firm outcomes. Eligible studies regarding our second question assessed whether financial restatement had occurred and analyzed effects of CEO incentives on this outcome. Data collection and analysis: We extracted standardized regression coefficients for each effect or converted unstandardized regressions to standardized. Analyses were conducted using STATA. All studies were assessed to have moderate risk of bias. Main results: For our first question, 20 studies (15,398 firms) met our criteria for meta‐analysis of effects. Bonuses, the most commonly studied incentive, had a small positive effect on next year's accounting performance metric Return on Assets (ROA, 0.046 [k = 7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.014, 0.078]). The bonus effect in the market‐related metric of Stock Returns (−0.026 [k = 5, 95% CI = −0.119, 0.067]) fell within a CI including 0, as did its effect on another market‐related metric, Market‐to‐Book value (Tobin's Q, 0.028 [k = 3, 95% CI = −0.024, 0.08]). We conclude that Bonuses show no predictive effect on the following year's market‐related metrics but do affect ROA. Stock Options had no effect on next year's ROA (0.027 [k = 5, 0.95% CI = 0.000, 0.052]), nor on Market‐to‐Book Value (Tobin's Q, 0.097 [k = 5, 95% CI = −0.027, 0.220]) or Stock Return (0.042 [k = 6, −0.033, 0.117]), indicating no predictive effect for Stock Options on either accounting or market‐related performance. We sought but found too few studies to report on effects of incentives on other financial outcomes or for lags greater than 1 year. For our second question, three studies (n = 2044 firms) met our criteria. The overall effect size for CEO Incentives on Restatement (−0.09 [k = 3, 95% CI = −0.363, 0.184) fell within a CI including zero. We conclude that current evidence does not support a direct relationship between CEO financial incentives and Restatement. Authors' conclusions: This review affirms a small effect of CEO Bonuses, but no effect of Stock Options, on the accounting performance metric ROA. In contrast, neither Bonuses nor Stock Options predict a firm's market‐related metrics. CEO incentives also are unrelated to Financial Restatement. Despite widespread use of CEO financial incentives, lack of evidence supporting their use, beyond the bonus‐ROA effect we identify, suggests caution regarding current CEO financial incentive practice and greater consideration of alternative arrangements to enhance firm performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systematic differences in the attitudes of men and women towards risk is well established. In this paper, we investigate the joint role of two prominent psychological characteristics in explaining this difference. Our starting point is that risk assessments can be thought of, in general terms, to combine beliefs about the probability of negative outcomes occurring with a subjective valuation of how painful that negative outcome would be. Exploiting large‐scale panel data from the United Kingdom, we find that gender differences in financial optimism and financial loss aversion – the stronger psychological response to monetary losses than monetary gains – explain a substantial proportion of the parallel gender difference in willingness to take risks. This result prevails even after controlling for the Big Five personality traits, suggesting that the prominent psychological characteristics capture different aspects of behaviour than the Big Five. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Research suggests that early access to quality care is essential to improving bacteraemia outcomes and reducing the risk of developing sepsis because it allows for early intervention. Currently, there are limited data regarding the facilitators and barriers that alter the trajectory of arrival at the hospital when patients in the United States experience symptoms of bacteraemia and sepsis. This study sought to explore and describe the facilitators and barriers to seeking care for suspected bacteraemia and sepsis symptoms. Design: A qualitative descriptive study. Methods: Ten men and women were recruited using convenience sampling. The study used audio‐recorded semi‐structured interviews and the collection of socio‐demographic data as the data collection techniques. Thematic analysis was used, including inductive and deductive approaches, to analyse the data. Results: During data analysis, the codes related to barriers and facilitators were collapsed into three themes—symptom recognition, psychosocial support and healthcare planning and coordination. Patient Contribution: The patients' participation in the study has contributed to our understanding of patients' perspectives and experiences in the pre‐hospital phase and provides important insights into what barriers and facilitators are encountered. Study findings highlight the need to develop interventions to improve patient decision time, patient–provider interactions and knowledge of bacteraemia and sepsis through patient and provider education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility and the financial performance of Ghana's publicly listed financial institutions. Twelve listed financial institutions on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) provided secondary data during a 10‐year period (2010–2019). The data were examined using descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, rotated factors, factor score efficiency, and regression results. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a favourable effect on profitability and stock returns, according to the data. This demonstrate that while CSR enhances businesses' capacity for financial success, it should not be viewed as an optional activity but rather be included in long‐term business strategies. The study recommends management of financial institutions to ensure CSR activities are formally inbuilt into their policy statements and backed with an effective budget. The study further recommends more publicity be given to CSR programs undertaken by financial institutions to assist them get the needed potential benefits in enhancing their ROE and ROA. This study serves as a guide for policymakers and reference for future research on the effect of CSR on company performance in Sub‐Saharan Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of gender differences in the financial domain is gaining increasing attention as evidenced by the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Previous research has highlighted the existence of a gender divide in many economic issues; however, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the psychological aspects of money management. This systematic scoping review aims to fill this gap by outlining gender differences in money attitudes and money management practices, adopting the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews protocol as methodological guideline. An extensive analytical strategy was employed on Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and EconLit to identify 100 empirical papers on the topic, published between 1972 and 2021. The analysis revealed clear differences in how men and women approach to money from a symbolic and attitudinal perspective, whereas evidence of money management practices is more complex and sometimes conflicting. Men and women hold different conceptions of money, with men often looking at it as a symbol of success and power and women holding more ambivalent attitudes toward money as both a source of anxiety and a means to ensure security and prove their love. As far as for financial behaviors studies indicate that both genders have similar approaches to savings and expenses monitoring, while financial investments are primarily pursued by men. Future directions and suggestions for private and public institutions are discussed, highlighting research advancements and implications for gender empowerment programs and customized communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exchange rate volatility is a vital issue in international finance due to its effect on the value of the firm, depending on firm's exposure to the exchange rate risk. However, this impact is not clear in literature as evidence is mixed. This article analyses the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on firm value. A system dynamics‐based corporate planning model has been developed that incorporates the modules for financial and physical processes, firm valuation and exchange rate determination. Simulation results reveal that a stronger home currency leads to an increase in market price per share of the firm and vice versa. The results provide counter intuitive evidence on the impact of exchange rate on firm value and provide nonlinear feedback loop‐based explanation. The study fills the gap in literature by incorporating a systemic approach in the strategic planning process to assess the composite impact of parameter changes on key variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of connected institutional investors on stock price crash risk. We document that the closer institutions are to the central position of the network, the greater the stock price crash risk, whereas the closer they are to the intermediary position, the smaller the stock price crash risk. Such results remain strong after conducting several robustness checks. Further evidences demonstrate that the collusion effect of central position, which is more pronounced for firms with higher insider ownership concentration, lower institutional ownership and lower regional marketization index, works through managers' asymmetric news disclosure, whereas the monitoring effect of intermediary position, which is more pronounced for firms with higher insider ownership concentration, higher institutional ownership and lower regional marketization index, works through better informativeness and control. Overall, our analyses provide insights into the relation between social embeddedness of individual economic activities and corporate governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing countries have commonly adopted financial management information systems developed by prominent international organizations or developed countries to modernize their fiscal functions. However, these systems face limitations in effectively meeting the specific needs of recipient countries and maintaining their built-in functionalities. This field report aims to investigate the module based adoption of South Korea's Integrated Financial Management Information System as a customized strategy that aligns with the demands and capacities of recipient countries. The implications of this report provide practical pathways to integrate the push for modernization efforts of donor countries and the pull for localization goals of recipient countries, improving the effectiveness of financial management systems in developing countries and promoting self-sufficiency and adaptability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]