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We performed whole-exome sequencing using a human exome capture kit to analyze the potential genetic factors related to patent ductus arteriosus in Japanese macaques. Compared with the reference sequences of other primates, we identified potential missense variants in five genes: ADAM15, AZGP1, CSPG4, TNFRSF13B, and EPOR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intrachondral joints occur as synovial joints within the cartilage of several ribs, and not between the osseous rib and the cartilage, in Artiodactyla. We observed the joints with gross finding, radiography and histologic section in 8 carcasses of Korean Chinese water deers (Hydropotes inermis argyropus, Heude, 1884) and compared with that of hoofed domestic animals. Intrachondral joints were observed within second to ninth, tenth, or eleventh rib cartilages. It was difficult to demarcation between two parts of joint cartilage in radiographic film. First rib cartilages were part of synovial joints between sternum and the osseous rib. Last two to four rib cartilages without synovial joints had calcified cartilages that could be recognized two portions in the young animals. These results suggest that Korean Chinese water deer has similar number of joints with domestic ruminants, not pig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to develop of the artificial insemination catheter for miniature pig, we measured the size of genital organs in the 5 female pigs. Miniature pigs were sacrificed under anesthesia with ketamine at 48 hours after intramuscular injection of 4mg of estradiol benzoate. The weights of ovary are 5.2±2.2g and 4.5±1.1g in right and left, respectively. The length of genital tract were as follows: uterine tube; 182.2±58.8mm, uterine horn; 852±102.3mm, uterine body; 17.1±4.2mm, cervix of uterus; 89.0±15.2mm, vagina; 91.6±9.3mm, vestibule of vagina; 46.4±2.5mm, respectively. The diameter of ampulla of oviduct was 7.1±0.7mm, isthmus of oviduct 3.8±0.5mm, uterine horn 22.0±1.1mm, thick portion of the cervix 26.0±1.6mm, thin portion of the cervix 16.6±1.4mm,. vagina 16.7±2.9mm, and vestibule of vagina 19.9±2.3mm, respectively. The number of large cervical pulvini was 3.8±1.1 and small 6.6±1.7. The number of folds formed by the pulvini was 6.6±1.5. The length of pudendal cleft was 18.8±3.5mm. These results might be helpful to develop the catheter and also to compare with the data from commercial pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]