Search

Aim: Although poor oral health has been a potentially modifiable risk for mortality, the precise association between functional tooth units (FTUs) and premature death as well as the underlying mechanisms remains unclear., Methods: This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2018. Mortality details were obtained from the National Death Index (NDI). The number of FTUs was defined as pairs of opposing natural and artificial teeth in the premolar and molar area. Weighted logistic regression models were employed to assess the relationship between FTU and premature death. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and disease histories were adjusted as confounding factors. The propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to further assess the association between FTU and premature death. Mediation analyses were conducted to assess the role of diet-related diseases in the association between FTU and premature death., Results: The analysis included 4169 individuals aged between 60 and 74 years. Participants with 0 ≤ FTUs ≤ 3 had a significantly higher odds of premature death compared to the 10 ≤ FTUs ≤ 12 group (OR = 2.142, 95% CI 1.091-4.208). After missing data imputation, 0 ≤ FTUs ≤ 3 was still significantly associated with increased odds of premature death (OR = 2.115, 95% CI 1.125-3.975). The relationship between 0 ≤ FTUs ≤ 3 and reference group persisted (OR = 2.196, 95% CI 1.296-3.721) after PSM analyses. For mechanism, mediation analysis showed that diet-related diseases, including diabetes and hypertension, partially mediated the association between FTU and premature death with proportions of 5.089% and 8.437%, respectively., Conclusion: The findings revealed a link between impairment of masticatory function and a heightened odds of premature death among older adults. Notably, 0 ≤ FTUs ≤ 3 is significantly correlated to premature death among this demographic, with diabetes and hypertension partially mediating the effect of FTU on premature death. Further longitudinal studies are required to validate the findings., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objectives: To examine the health effects of the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) and the differential impact of SNAP across race/ethnicity among older adults. Data Source/Study Setting: 2008-2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, a nationally representative population-based complex sample survey. Study Design: A difference-in-regression-discontinuity (DRD) design is used to assess the impacts of SNAP on diet-related disease morbidity. The primary outcomes were the prevalence rate of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. We also conducted supplemental analysis to examine potential co-occurring trends in medical utilization. Data Collection/Extraction Methods: Data are publicly available. Principal Findings: In the full sample, SNAP eligibility was associated with a significant decline in diabetes (-3.71 percentage points [pp]; P < .05). Non-Hispanic (NH) White respondents reported trends similar to the full sample; however, NH Black respondents reported large declines in hypertension (-13.95 pp; P < .01) and Hispanic respondents reported declines in the prevalence of angina (-6.94 pp; P < .05) and stroke (-4.48 pp; P < .05). Conclusions: Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program eligibility was associated with the reduced prevalence of diet-related disease among older adults. These observed declines in the prevalence of diet-related disease do not appear to be attributable to increased medical visits or spending on medical services and prescriptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metabolomics focuses on the global study of metabolites in cells, tissues and biofluids. Analytical technologies such as nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR) spectroscopy and hyphenated mass spectrometry ( MS) combined with advanced multivariate statistical methods allow us to study perturbations in metabolism. The close link between metabolism and nutrition has seen the application of metabolomics in nutritional research increase in recent times. Such applications can be divided into three main categories, namely (1) the area of dietary biomarker identification, (2) diet-related diseases and (3) nutritional interventions. The present perspective gives an overview of these applications and an outlook to the future. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]