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Background and Aims: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NAFLD and the probability of liver fibrosis in Italian primary care services., Methods: We carried out a population-based and nested case-control study including all individuals aged 18 years and above registered at Italian primary care services. Data were collected from the general practitioners' network from 2010 to 2017. NAFLD cases were identified via the ICD-9-CM and Hepatic Steatosis Index score > 36 and were matched each up to 10 controls. Other causes of liver diseases were excluded. The risk of fibrosis was assessed using the FIB-4 and NAFLD fibrosis scores (NFS)., Results: NAFLD was present in 9% of the primary care population with high regional variability. Among NAFLD subjects: 25% had diabetes, 10% had chronic kidney disease, 11% had cardiovascular disease and 28% were obese. Furthermore, 30% had at least two comorbidities and 13% had cirrhosis. Once cirrhosis was excluded, the risk of any degree of fibrosis was 13.8% with NFS and 20.5% with FIB-4 in subjects <65 years., Conclusions: Even if there is an identification gap in primary care, recorded cases with NAFLD have a high frequency of associated comorbidities. Despite regional variability, a close relation between cirrhosis and NAFLD exists (OR: 3.48, 95% CI: 3.23-3.76). Therefore, the use of non-invasive tests should be promoted in primary care as a useful tool for the early identification of fibrosis risk, independently of evidence of steatosis., (© 2022 The Authors. Liver International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: The anterior commissure is considered a laryngeal subsite, but it is not taken into account in the current T-staging system. The impact of anterior commissure involvement (ACI) on the oncologic outcomes of T1 glottic tumors has not been well defined and remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of ACI in the prognosis of T1 glottic tumors., Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was performed by including studies published up to July 2019. Studies were selected if they had investigated the local control rate (LCR) at 5 years of clinical stage I (T1 and N0) glottic squamous cell carcinoma with and without ACI. The difference in LCR at 5 years between T1 glottic tumors without and with ACI was evaluated., Results: The meta-analysis showed that the difference in LCR at 5 years between T1 glottic tumors without and with ACI is 12% (95% confidence interval: 8%-16%, p < 0,0001, I 2 = 34.81%)., Conclusions: Our study pointed out that the anterior commissure involvement is a negative prognostic factor in LCR at 5 years for T1 glottic tumors. Our results suggest the need to consider ACI in the T staging of glottic tumors. Laryngoscope, 130:1932-1940, 2020., (© 2019 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.)