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This document provides an overview of the challenges and issues faced by anthropologists in various countries. It discusses the impact of citation indexes on promotion practices and publication expectations in Chile, Norway, Nigeria, and South Africa. The document also explores the evaluation criteria and incentives for publishing in India, China, Hong Kong, and Japan. It addresses the importance of language, the pressure to publish in internationally recognized journals, and the influence of tenure systems on academic careers. The text highlights the precarious nature of academic employment, the scarcity of tenure-track jobs, and the need for fair evaluation criteria and collaboration between anthropologists from different regions. [Extracted from the article]

A study published in the journal "Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology" examined the effects of two lifestyle interventions during pregnancy on infant neurodevelopment at two years of age. The study included 1221 high-risk pregnancies and randomly assigned participants to a Mediterranean diet intervention, a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention, or usual care. The results showed that infants in the Mediterranean diet group had higher scores in the cognitive and social-emotional domains, while infants in the MBSR group had higher scores in the social-emotional domain. The study suggests that structured lifestyle interventions during pregnancy can significantly improve infant neurodevelopmental outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at a University Hospital in Barcelona, Spain, investigated the effects of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) or mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) during pregnancy on placental volume and perfusion in high-risk pregnancies. The study randomly assigned 1221 pregnant women at high risk for small for gestational age (SGA) into three groups: MedDiet, MBSR, or usual care. The results showed that both interventions were associated with a lower prevalence of small placental volume compared to usual care. These findings suggest that structured interventions based on MedDiet or MBSR during pregnancy may have beneficial effects on fetal growth. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a study that aimed to explore the influence of prenatal risk factors on the prevalence of preleukemic ETV6:RUNX1 fusion gene in cord blood samples. The study analyzed cord blood samples from 1221 pregnancies and found that the prevalence of the fusion gene was 6.5%. Maternal Maghreb ethnicity and prenatal exposure to corticosteroids were identified as potential risk factors for the appearance of the fusion gene. The study suggests that further research is needed to confirm these findings and develop prevention strategies. [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "Mediterranean diet pattern as a protective factor against pre-eclampsia," explores the relationship between maternal dietary habits and the development of pre-eclampsia. The study, conducted in Barcelona, Spain, found that pregnant women with pre-eclampsia had a lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet compared to those with uncomplicated pregnancies. The study also found that extra virgin olive oil, vegetables, and fruit were associated with a lower risk of developing pre-eclampsia, while saturated fatty acids and ultra-processed food were associated with a higher risk. The consumption of extra virgin olive oil was found to improve the antiangiogenic status in pre-eclamptic women. [Extracted from the article]

See relatedEditorial [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prenatal cardiac remodeling refers to in utero changes in the fetal heart that occur as a response to an adverse intrauterine environment. In this article, we will review the main mechanisms leading to cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, summarizing and describing the major pathological conditions that have been reported to be related to this in utero plastic adaptive process. We will also recap the current evidence regarding the persistence of fetal cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, both in infancy and later in adult life. Moreover, we will discuss primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive measures and future clinical and research aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to explore fetal cortical brain development by neurosonography in fetuses conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART), including frozen and fresh embryo transfer (ET), compared with those conceived spontaneously (SC), and to investigate its association with infant neurobehavior at 12 months of age.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 210 singleton pregnancies, including 70 SC pregnancies, 70 conceived by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) following frozen ET and 70 conceived by IVF after fresh ET. Fetal neurosonography was performed at 32 ± 2 gestational weeks to assess cortical development. Sulci depths were measured offline and normalized by biparietal diameter (BPD). Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) were completed postnatally, at 12 ± 1 months of corrected age. Neurosonographic findings were adjusted by regression analysis for maternal age, ethnicity, parity, fetal sex and fetal-weight centile and gestational age at scan, and ASQ scores were adjusted for maternal age, ethnicity, parity, educational level and employment status, gestational age at birth, breastfeeding, infant sex and infant age at the ASQ evaluation.Results: Overall, in comparison to the SC fetuses, fetuses conceived by ART showed statistically significant differences in cortical development, with reduced parieto-occipital sulci depth adjusted for BPD (mean ± SD: fresh ET, 12.5 ± 2.5 vs frozen ET, 13.4 ± 2.6 vs SC, 13.4 ± 2.6, P < 0.001), cingulate sulci depth adjusted for BPD (median (interquartile range (IQR)): fresh ET, 5.8 (4.2-7.4) vs frozen ET, 5.8 (4.1-7.5) vs SC, 6.5 (4.8-7.8), P = 0.001) and calcarine sulci depth adjusted for BPD (median (IQR): fresh ET, 13.5 (10.1-16.1) vs frozen ET, 14.5 (12.1-15.8) vs SC, 16.4 (14.3-17.9), P < 0.001), together with lower Sylvian fissure grading score. Changes in cortical development were more pronounced in the fresh ET than in the frozen ET group. ART infants showed lower ASQ scores as compared to SC infants, particularly in the fresh ET group (mean ± SD global ASQ Z-score: fresh ET, -0.3 ± 0.4 vs frozen ET, -0.2 ± 0.4 vs SC, 0 ± 0.4, P < 0.001).Conclusions: Fetuses conceived by ART show a distinctive pattern of cortical development and suboptimal infant neurodevelopment, with more pronounced changes in those conceived following fresh ET. These findings support the existence of in-utero brain reorganization associated with ART and warrant follow-up studies to assess its long-term persistence. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vancomycin is commonly used to treat methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections and is known to cause nephrotoxicity. Previous Vancomycin Consensus Guidelines recommended targeting trough concentrations but the 2020 Guidelines suggest monitoring vancomycin area under the curve (AUC) given the reduced risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) at similar levels of efficacy. This meta‐analysis compares vancomycin‐induced AKI incidence using AUC‐guided dosing strategies versus trough‐based monitoring. Literature was queried from Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, and Google Scholar from database inception through November 5, 2021. Interventional or observational studies reporting the incidence of vancomycin‐induced AKI between AUC‐ and trough‐guided dosing strategies were included. In the primary analysis, the Vancomycin Consensus Guidelines definition for AKI was used if reported; otherwise, the Risk, Injury, and Failure; and Loss, and End‐stage kidney disease (RIFLE) or Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definitions were used. The incidence of nephrotoxicity was evaluated between the two strategies using a Mantel–Haenszel random‐effects model, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses for adjusted ORs and AKI definitions were performed. Heterogeneity was identified using Cochrane's Q test and I2 statistics. A total of 10 studies with 4231 patients were included. AUC‐guided dosing strategies were associated with significantly less vancomycin‐induced AKI than trough‐guided strategies [OR 0.625, 95% CI (0.469–0.834), p = 0.001; I2 = 25.476]. A subgroup analysis of three studies reporting adjusted ORs yielded similar results [OR 0.475, 95% CI (0.261–0.863), p = 0.015]. Stratification by AKI definition showed a significant reduction in AKI with the Vancomycin Consensus Guidelines definition [OR 0.552, 95% CI (0.341–0.894), p = 0.016] but failed to find significance in the alternative definitions. Area under the curve‐guided dosing strategies are associated with a lower incidence of vancomycin‐induced AKI versus trough‐guided dosing strategies (GRADE, low). Limitations included the variety of AKI definitions and the potential for confounding bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, published in the journal Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, examines the performance of the sFlt1-PlGF ratio in identifying small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and pre-eclampsia (PE) in nulliparous women at 35-36 weeks of gestation. The study included 423 women, and the results showed that the sensitivity of the sFlt1-PlGF ratio for SGA and FGR was 23% and 41.2% respectively, while the sensitivity for overall PE was 52.5% and for PE within 2 weeks was 75%. The specificity of the ratio was similar across all outcomes, ranging between 85.7% and 86.4%. The article concludes that the sFlt1-PlGF ratio had limited predictive performance for SGA, moderately improved for FGR and overall PE, and was high for PE within 2 weeks. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the IMPACT BCN trial, which investigated the effects of maternal lifestyle interventions on fetal cardiac function in high-risk pregnancies. The trial involved 1221 pregnant women who were randomly allocated into three groups: promotion of the Mediterranean Diet, a mindfulness-based stress reduction program, or usual care. The results showed that fetuses whose mothers followed the Mediterranean Diet had higher right ventricular fractional area change, thinner myocardial wall thickness, and a lower proportion of fetuses with high levels of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide compared to those in the usual care group. The study suggests that the Mediterranean Diet intervention during pregnancy has a positive effect on fetal heart health. [Extracted from the article]

This article examines the endothelial function and complement system in fetuses from pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia. The study analyzed fetal cord blood samples and cultured endothelial cells to measure various markers of endothelial damage and complement dysregulation. The results showed increased levels of endothelial adhesion molecules and oxidative stress products in pre-eclampsia fetuses, indicating endothelial damage. Additionally, there was reduced deposition of C5b-9 on endothelial cells, suggesting complement dysregulation. Further research is needed to understand the impact of pre-eclampsia on fetal vascular health and innate immunity. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a study that aimed to investigate the association between food cravings during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. The study involved 659 pregnant women who completed a Food Craving Questionnaire, with 53.4% of them experiencing cravings. The results showed that there were no significant associations between food cravings and gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, or fetal growth restriction. However, women who experienced food cravings had higher rates of labor induction for fetal criteria and intrapartum fetal distress. The study suggests a potential association between food cravings and these perinatal outcomes, but further research is needed to understand the underlying physiology. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the prevalence and characteristics of food cravings during pregnancy. The study, conducted using data from the IMPACT BCN trial, found that 53.4% of the 659 participants experienced cravings during pregnancy. The most frequently craved items were fruit and chocolate. The study also found that craving women were younger and more commonly Latin-American, and they had significantly higher weight gain during pregnancy. Further research is needed to understand the physiology and potential impact of food cravings on perinatal outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a study conducted in Spain that aimed to assess the cardiovascular structure and function, as well as exercise tolerance, in adolescents born small for gestational age (SGA). The study followed a cohort of 30 SGA adolescents and 28 normal birthweight controls from preadolescence to adolescence. The results showed that while signs of cardiac remodelling and dysfunction were evident in SGA individuals during preadolescence, no significant differences in left ventricular dimensions or deformation were observed in SGA adolescents. However, SGA adolescents did have markedly reduced exercise tolerance. Further research is needed to understand the causes of these findings and their potential association with increased cardiovascular mortality among adults born SGA. [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "Circulating placenta-derived extracellular vesicles contribute to endothelial dysfunction in pre-eclampsia," explores the role of placenta-derived extracellular vesicles in the development of endothelial dysfunction in pre-eclampsia. The study involved isolating these vesicles from serum samples of pre-eclampsia and normotensive pregnancies and incubating them with endothelial cells in culture. The results showed that the presence of placenta-derived extracellular vesicles led to increased expression of VCAM-1, VWF, and ROS, indicating an oxidative, prothrombotic, and proinflammatory state. This research suggests that these vesicles may play a pathogenic role in the endothelial damage associated with pre-eclampsia. [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "OP12.03: Fetal brain biometry and sulcal depth in uncomplicated pregnancies: an interrater correlation coefficient study in low‐ versus super‐resolution MRI," explores the use of super-resolution (SR) reconstructions in fetal brain MRI to improve measurement reliability. The study obtained 36 fetal brain MRI sequences from uncomplicated pregnancies and measured various brain structures using both SR and low-resolution (LR) datasets. The results showed excellent interrater correlations for most measurements in the SR group, while LR sequences had excellent correlations for some measurements but poor correlations for sulcus measurements. The study concludes that SR reconstructions offer a promising approach for quantifying fetal brain MRI and improving reproducibility, particularly for sulcation measurements. [Extracted from the article]

This article investigates the value of adding maternal angiogenic factors to ultrasound and Doppler criteria for classifying small fetuses as low-risk small-for-gestational-age (SGA) or high-risk fetal growth restriction (FGR). The study included 602 singleton pregnancies with a diagnosis of fetal smallness and a gestational age at delivery of 34 weeks or more. The results showed that all parameters, including estimated fetal weight, Doppler parameters, and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, were independently associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. However, the predictive value of angiogenic factors alone was poor, and their addition only marginally improved the predictive value of ultrasound-Doppler criteria. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the effects of a Mediterranean diet (MD) intervention during pregnancy on the cortical structure of the maternal brain. The study analyzed data from a randomized clinical trial involving 1221 pregnant women who were allocated into three groups: MD intervention, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program, or usual care. The results showed that women in the MD group had larger surface areas in certain brain regions compared to the usual care group. The study suggests that promoting a MD during pregnancy can have a significant effect on maternal brain structure. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a study that aimed to assess placental perfusion and volume using magnetic resonance (MR) and Intra-Voxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) model, and to examine their associations with fetoplacental Doppler in late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) pregnancies. The study involved 28 FGR pregnancies and 131 normally grown fetuses. The results showed that placental volumes were significantly reduced in FGR pregnancies compared to controls, and there was a significant correlation between placental volume and birthweight. However, there was no significant correlation between MR IVIM perfusion parameters and placental insufficiency. The authors suggest that larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings. [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "Correlation of angiogenic factors PlGF and sFlt-1 with severity stages of fetal growth restriction," explores the relationship between maternal angiogenic factors and the stages of small for gestational age (SGA) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). The study involved 1028 singleton pregnancies, including those with small fetuses and uncomplicated pregnancies. The researchers found that the proportion of abnormal levels of angiogenic factors increased as the severity of FGR increased, with elevated levels often indicating the presence of pre-eclampsia. However, the association between angiogenic factors and fetal Doppler deterioration in normotensive FGR was weak. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a study that examines the association between maternal stress, placental gene expression and methylation, fetal cortisol metabolites in amniotic fluid, and birthweight in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns. The study found that SGA pregnancies had higher levels of maternal stress and altered fetoplacental cortisol metabolism compared to pregnancies with adequate fetal growth. These findings provide insights into the pathophysiology of SGA and highlight the importance of strategies to reduce maternal stress. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: To explore the pattern of fetal cortical development in pregnancies complicated by pre‐eclampsia (PE), with and without a small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetus, compared to uncomplicated pregnancies. Methods: This was a prospective observational study including singleton pregnancies complicated by normotensive SGA (birth weight < 10th centile) (n = 77), PE with an appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age (AGA) fetus (n = 76) or PE with a SGA fetus (n = 67), and 128 uncomplicated pregnancies (normotensive AGA) matched by gestational age at ultrasound. All pregnancies underwent detailed neurosonography, using a transabdominal and transvaginal approach, at 31–35 weeks' gestation to assess the depth of the insula, Sylvian fissure, parieto‐occipital sulcus, cingulate sulcus and calcarine sulcus. All measurements were adjusted for biparietal diameter (BPD). In addition, a grading score of cortical development was assigned to each brain structure, ranging from Grade 0 (no development) to Grade 5 (maximum development). Univariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Results: Similar to findings in previous studies, normotensive pregnancies with a SGA fetus showed significant differences in cortical development compared with controls, with reduced Sylvian fissure depth adjusted for BPD (14.5 ± 2.4 vs 16.6 ± 2.3; P < 0.001) and increased insula depth adjusted for BPD (33.2 ± 2.0 vs 31.8 ± 2.0; P < 0.001). Interestingly, a similar cortical development pattern was observed in PE pregnancies with a SGA fetus and in PE pregnancies with an AGA fetus, manifested by reduced Sylvian fissure depth adjusted for BPD (14.2 ± 2.3 and 14.3 ± 2.3 vs 16.6 ± 2.3; P < 0.001 for both) and greater insula depth adjusted for BPD (33.2 ± 2.1 and 32.8 ± 1.7 vs 31.8 ± 2.0; P < 0.001 for both) compared with controls. No significant differences were observed in parieto‐occipital, cingulate sulcus or calcarine sulcus depth across the study groups. The Sylvian fissure was scored as Grade 4 in significantly more (93.2% vs 59.5%) and as Grade 5 in significantly fewer (2.7% vs 37.3%) PE pregnancies with an AGA fetus compared with controls (P < 0.05 for both). These differences remained significant even after statistical adjustment for potential confounders, including ethnicity, low socioeconomic status, nulliparity, chronic hypertension, pregestational diabetes, assisted reproductive technologies, smoking and fetal gender, with the application of Benjamini–Hochberg procedure for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: PE with or without SGA is associated with a differential fetal cortical development pattern which is similar to that described previously in small fetuses. Future research is warranted to elucidate better the mechanism(s) underlying these changes. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With an indirect band gap in the visible and a direct band gap at a much higher energy, boron phosphide (BP) holds promise as an unconventional p‐type transparent conductor. This work reports on reactive sputtering of amorphous BP films, their partial crystallization in a P‐containing annealing atmosphere, and extrinsic doping by C and Si. The highest hole concentration to date for p‐type BP (5 × 1020 cm−3) is achieved using C doping under B‐rich conditions. Furthermore, bipolar doping is confirmed to be feasible in BP. An anneal temperature of at least 1000 °C is necessary for crystallization and dopant activation. Hole mobilities are low and indirect optical transitions are stronger than that predicted by theory. Low crystalline quality probably plays a role in both cases. High figures of merit for transparent conductors might be achievable in extrinsically doped BP films with improved crystalline quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate left myocardial performance index (MPI) and its time intervals in monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pairs complicated by selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) with abnormal (persistent ‐type II‐ or intermittent ‐type III‐ absent or reversed end‐diastolic flow) umbilical artery Doppler. Methods: Retrospective study including 16 MCDA twin pairs with sFGR type II, 26 MCDA twin pairs with sFGR type III and 42 gestational age‐matched uncomplicated MCDA twin pairs in a single tertiary center. Left isovolumetric contraction time (ICT), ejection time (ET), and isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) were measured and MPI calculated by conventional Doppler at diagnosis of sFGR. Results: In sFGR type II, the smaller twin had shorter ET and prolonged IRT and MPI, while the larger twin showed prolonged ICT and MPI as compared to uncomplicated MCDA twins. In sFGR type III, the smaller twin had shorter ICT and ET, while the larger twin showed prolonged ICT, IRT, and MPI in comparison to controls. Conclusion: A differential pattern of MPI time intervals could be observed in MCDA twins with sFGR type II and III. All twins had echocardiographic signs of pressure/volume overload, except the smaller twin type III with shorter systolic times probably reflecting reduced volume load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to comprehensively study the pulmonary vasculature in normoxia and after maternal hyperoxygenation in fetal growth restriction (FGR). Fetal pulmonary vasculature was assessed at 24-37 weeks of gestation using ultrasound including main pulmonary artery (pulsatility index (PI), diameter, peak of systolic velocity (PSV) and acceleration and ejection times (AT and ET)) and intrapulmonary artery (PI and peak of end-diastolic reverse flow (PEDRF). Methods Prospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies including 87 FGR (defined as birthweight below 10th centile) and 42 normally grown fetuses matched with cases by gestational age at ultrasound. [Extracted from the article]

Trigonal selenium (Se) is an elemental, direct‐bandgap (1.95 eV) semiconductor with a low processing temperature, which could be a suitable top absorber for tandem solar cell applications. For incorporation in tandem architectures, both sides of the Se cell should be semitransparent. However, all reported Se solar cells have metallic back contacts. To demonstrate the potential feasibility of Se as a wide‐bandgap absorber for tandems, herein, bifacial single‐junction selenium solar cells with device areas above 0.4 cm2 are reported. When illuminating through the n‐type contact, the bifacial cell power conversion efficiency (PCE) is 5.2%, similar to a standard monofacial cell. The efficiency is lower (2.7%) when illuminating through the p‐type contact, which is attributed to low carrier diffusion lengths and lifetimes in selenium. This suggests the necessity to invert the typical single‐junction device structure when incorporating it into a tandem device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the transgenerational transmission of small-for-gestational age (SGA).Methods: This was a cohort study of a random sample of 2043 offspring delivered between 1975 and 1993 at Hospital Sant Joan de Déu in Barcelona. Exclusion criteria were multiple pregnancy, aneuploidy or genetic syndrome, major birth defects, severe mental disease and macrosomia. Eligible individuals were contacted and those with at least one offspring were included in the study. Participants were classified according to the presence of SGA (defined as birth weight < 10th percentile) at birth. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the presence of SGA or placenta-mediated disease (defined as the presence of SGA, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension and/or placental abruption) in the following generation.Results: Of 623 individuals who agreed to participate, 152 (72 born SGA and 80 born appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA)) were reported to have at least one child. Descendants of SGA individuals presented with a lower birth-weight percentile (median, 26 (interquartile range (IQR), 7-52) vs 43 (IQR, 19-75); P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of SGA (40.3% vs 16.3%; P = 0.001) and placenta-mediated disease (43.1% vs 17.5%; P = 0.001) than did the offspring of AGA individuals. After adjustment for confounding variables, parental SGA background was associated with an almost three-fold increased risk of subsequent SGA or any placenta-mediated disease in the following generation. This association was stronger in SGA mothers than in SGA fathers.Conclusions: Our data provide evidence suggesting a transgenerational transmission of SGA, highlighting the importance of public health strategies for preventing intrauterine growth impairment. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) donation is becoming inefficient and we recently proposed the estimated fetal weight percentile (EFWp) ≥60th as a predictor for a prenatal selection of donors. The aim of this study is to prospectively validate this and to identify new potential prenatal predictive parameters. Study Design and Methods: Prospective cohort study of low‐risk pregnancies undergoing third trimester ultrasound, whose UCB was collected at delivery (2016‐2018) and compared with a historical cohort (2013‐2016, N = 869). Several ultrasound parameters (EFWp, amniotic fluid, Doppler evaluation, placental thickness) were assessed ultrasound and perinatal data were collected. The association with standard of high quality of UCB was assessed by logistic regression analysis. Results: Among 297 cases, 161 (54%) were selected according to the EFWp ≥60th for UCB units' collection. Cellular criteria for banking was achieved in 27 cases (16.8%), with an average increase of 1.7 times compared to the historical cohort (9.8%, P =.009). Selecting donors according to the 60th EFWp resulted in a higher probability of collecting clinical suitable UCB (P =.025). Among prenatal and perinatal parameters, EFWp, amniotic fluid, umbilical vein (UV) velocity, newborn weight and percentile and placental weight were significantly associated with a higher cellular content. At logistic regression analysis, significant contributors of UCB collection, were EFWp at 37‐38 weeks ultrasound (OR 1.04; 95% CI: 1‐1.08; P =.042) and UV velocity (OR 1.14; 95% CI: 1‐1.29; P =.037). Conclusion: The evaluation of the EFWp equal or above 60 and the increased UV velocity can result in higher efficiency of public UCB donation programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To describe placental histopathological findings in a large cohort of pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia (PE) and/or small-for-gestational age (SGA), and to investigate their association with fetoplacental Doppler parameters.Methods: This was a prospective observational study of normotensive pregnancies with SGA (defined as birth weight < 10th centile) (n = 184), PE pregnancies with a normally grown fetus (n = 102), pregnancies with both PE and SGA (n = 120) and uncomplicated pregnancies (n = 202). Uterine (UtA), umbilical (UA) and fetal middle cerebral (MCA) artery pulsatility indices (PI) were assessed. The cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) was calculated by dividing MCA-PI by UA-PI. Doppler parameters were considered abnormal when UtA-PI or UA-PI was > 95th centile or MCA-PI or CPR was < 5th centile. Placental lesions were categorized as vascular (maternal or fetal side), immunoinflammatory or other, according to the 2014 Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement. Comparison between the study groups was performed using univariate and multiple regression analysis, and logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between abnormal Doppler parameters and placental lesions.Results: Maternal-side vascular lesions were significantly more common in PE pregnancies with SGA than in the other groups (PE + SGA, 73% vs PE, 46% vs SGA, 38% vs controls, 31%; P = 0.01) and included mainly two types of lesion: developmental (PE + SGA, 13% vs PE, 5% vs SGA, 3% vs controls, 1.5%; P < 0.001) and malperfusion (PE + SGA, 70% vs PE, 39% vs SGA, 32% vs controls, 25%; P = 0.001). In contrast, the incidence of fetal-side developmental lesions was significantly higher in normotensive SGA pregnancies than in controls and PE pregnancies (PE + SGA, 0% vs PE, 3% vs SGA, 8% vs controls, 2%; P = 0.001). All cases displayed a lower prevalence of infectious lesions than did controls, with the highest prevalence of immune lesions observed in pregnancies with both PE and SGA (PE + SGA, 18% vs PE, 8% vs SGA, 10% vs controls, 9%; P = 0.001). All fetoplacental Doppler parameters evaluated were associated with maternal-side vascular lesions, mainly malperfusion (mean UtA-PI: odds ratio (OR), 2.45 (95% CI, 1.51-3.97); UA-PI: OR, 2.05 (95% CI, 1.02-4.47); MCA-PI: OR, 2.75 (95% CI, 1.40-5.42); CPR: OR, 1.75 (95% CI, 1.04-2.95)). This association was evident mainly in the normotensive SGA group, being non-significant in controls or PE pregnancies without SGA. No significant associations were observed between fetoplacental Doppler parameters and other placental lesions in any of the study groups.Conclusions: PE and SGA are associated with different patterns of placental histopathological lesions in accordance with the clinical manifestation of the placental disorder (maternal vs fetal). Fetoplacental Doppler findings show an association with placental malperfusion lesions on the maternal side, supporting the use of abnormal Doppler as a surrogate for placental insufficiency. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Three new boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes substituted with a benzylamino group at the 3‐position have been synthesized from halogenated BODIPYs by nucleophilic substitution. The spectroscopic and photophysical properties have been explored in different solvents and have been compared with an analogous 8‐benzylaminoBODIPY derivative. The position of the benzylamino group has a significant influence on the spectral band positions, fluorescence quantum yields, and fluorescence lifetimes. The 8‐benzylaminoBODIPY emits in the blue range, whereas the 3‐substituted shows green fluorescence. Additionally, the extension of the conjugation at the 5‐position of 3‐benzylaminoBODIPY produces a bathochromic shift of the absorption and emission spectra. The effect of solvents on their spectroscopic features has been investigated using the generalized Catalán solvent scales. Quantum‐chemical calculations have been performed to assess the effect of the position of the substitution on the spectroscopic properties. Finally, the BODIPY dyes have been employed as probes in fluorescence lifetime imaging of living cells, demonstrating their high potential for bioimaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new family of homochiral silver complexes based on carbophilic interactions with ortho-phenylene ethynylene (o-OPE) scaffolds containing up to two silver atoms are described. These compounds represent a unique class of complexes with chirality at the metal. Chiral induction is based on the inclusion of chiral sulfoxides, which allow efficient transfer of chirality to the helically folded o-OPE, leading to circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)- and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD)-active compounds. In the presence of silver(I) cations, carbophilic interactions dominate, which promote helical structures with a defined helicity. This is one of the very scarce examples of the use of such interactions in the attractive field of abiotic foldamers. The switching event has been extensively studied by using different chiroptical techniques, including circular dichroism, CPL, and VCD, and represents one of the few CPL switches described in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A new family of homochiral silver complexes based on carbophilic interactions with ortho‐phenylene ethynylene (o‐OPE) scaffolds containing up to two silver atoms are described. These compounds represent a unique class of complexes with chirality at the metal. Chiral induction is based on the inclusion of chiral sulfoxides, which allow efficient transfer of chirality to the helically folded o‐OPE, leading to circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)‐ and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD)‐active compounds. In the presence of silver(I) cations, carbophilic interactions dominate, which promote helical structures with a defined helicity. This is one of the very scarce examples of the use of such interactions in the attractive field of abiotic foldamers. The switching event has been extensively studied by using different chiroptical techniques, including circular dichroism, CPL, and VCD, and represents one of the few CPL switches described in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate whether structured intervention based on a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) or mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in high-risk pregnancies for small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns can reduce the prevalence of preterm birth. Whereas the prevalence of preterm birth in general was similar among study groups (n = 24, 6.1% for MedDiet, n = 26, 6.7% for MBSR, n = 29, 7.2% for non-intervention, p = 0.082), severe preterm birth was significantly reduced in the MBSR group compared to non-intervention: n = 0 (0%) versus 9 (2.3%), p < 0.001. EP38.09: Effects of a mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention during pregnancy for the prevention of severe preterm birth: the IMPACT-BCN trial. [Extracted from the article]