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Background and Aim: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem disorder with variable clinical courses. This study investigated the clinical and genetic features of ALGS patients with different outcomes and analyzed the liver pathology at liver transplantation (LT) compared with that in biliary atresia (BA). Methods: We report the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and genetic mutations of 25 children with ALGS followed for a median of 7.3 years. Patients were classified into (i) jaundice‐free (JF) group (resolving jaundice after 2 years of age); (ii) progressive disease (PD) group (persistent jaundice or progressive cholestasis). In addition, we analyzed the explant liver in 10 ALGS patients compared with 20 age‐matched BA patients at the time of LT. Results: Nine patients (36%) in the JF group had a favorable outcome, with longer native liver survival than patients with PD (n = 16, P < 0.001). Fourteen of the PD group patients received LT or died. We identified 18 different JAG1 mutations in 22 patients. Three unrelated probands in the JF group had the same de novo mutation in JAG1, c.2122‐2125delCAGT. Compared with BA children, ALGS patients had lower METAVIR scores in liver pathology, higher serum albumin levels, and lower weight‐for‐age z‐scores when receiving LT. Conclusion: One‐third of ALGS patients had JF and a favorable course. Children with ALGS presenting with persistent jaundice beyond 2 years of age should be cautioned for poor prognosis. ALGS patients tend to have a lesser extent of cirrhosis, and more growth problems than BA patients at the time of LT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the application of the meeting software Google Meet to conduct interactive teaching activities such as group discussions, advanced teaching meetings and communication meetings, under the influence of COVID-19 pandemic. Topics include the big challenge of conducting in-person class in Taiwan during the pandemic, five aspects of ability that were assessed for the medical technologist post-graduate year (MT PGY) trainees, and lessons learned from the initiative.

Allelopathy plays crucial roles in invasive plant viability and agricultural production systems. However, there is no well‐established hands‐on learning activity to teach the concept of allelopathy. Nor is there an activity which allows students to gain knowledge about glucosinolates and their corresponding enzyme, myrosinase, which are present in almost all Brassica crops. Lettuce germination was counted by the students from three different treatments including water treated with Parafilm sealing, horseradish treated with Parafilm sealing, and horseradish treated without Parafilm sealing. Additionally, lettuce root length was measured by students using ImageJ software from each treatment using pictures captured by students' smartphones. Students took an identical quiz as a pre‐laboratory and a post‐laboratory assignment. Their average scores on the pre‐laboratory and post‐laboratory quizzes were 3.14 and 6.56 out of 10, respectively, indicating the lab activity significantly improved students' understanding of allelopathy and glucosinolate‐myrosinase system. In addition, students (n = 76) completed a survey post‐laboratory to assess their self‐efficacy. This simple and cost‐effective laboratory activity improved students' knowledge and skill development as it made learning more inviting, meaningful, and fun. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(3):333–340, 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Customer value analysis and management is a key theoretical and empirical issue in marketing management and strategic management. However, little is known about the influence of customer benefit on customer value from the microfoundations of the dynamic capabilities perspective. Currently, a boom in online video and music streaming services is changing the entertainment industry structure. Thus, marketing managers in the fast-growing streaming services industry should have dynamic managerial capabilities to anticipate other service elements that customers consider valuable. Based on managerial cognitive dynamic capabilities, this research explored the influences of customer-perceived functional benefit, experiential benefit, financial benefit, and psychosocial benefit on perceived instrumental and terminal values. General linear model (GLM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) were conducted to gain a more nuanced understanding of how different customers' perceived benefits have different impacts on perceived value. The findings illuminate complex benefit configurations that drive perceived instrumental and terminal values and contribute to the development of value creation and its drivers. The proposed framework can help managers develop managerial cognitive dynamic capabilities by increasing their understanding of the impact of different perceived benefits on value creation for different types of customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on an elective course called "Experiential Learning in Human and Technology," which is based on Bandura's Social Learning Theory and Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle." Topics discussed include purpose of the course, benefits of the course to students, and how the course has provided positive impacts on preclinical students.

We report the infrared, Raman, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of triruthenium dipyridylamido complexes and of diruthenium mixed nickel metal-string complexes. From the results of analysis on the vibrational modes, we assigned their vibrational frequencies and structures. The infrared band at 323-326 cm−1 is assigned to the Ru3 asymmetric stretching mode for [Ru3(dpa)4Cl2]0-2+. In these complexes we observed no Raman band corresponding to the Ru3 symmetric stretching mode although this mode is expected to have substantial Raman intensity. There is no frequency shift in the Ru3 asymmetric stretching modes for the complexes with varied oxidational states. No splitting in Raman spectra for the pyridyl breathing line indicates similar bonding environment for both pyridyls in dpa- , thus a delocalized structure in the [Ru3]6-8+ unit is proposed. For Ru3(dpa)4(CN)2 complex series, we assign the infrared band at 302 cm−1 to the Ru3 asymmetric stretching mode and the weak Raman line at 285 cm−1 to the Ru3 symmetric stretching. Coordination to the strong axial ligand CN- weakens the Ru-Ru bonding. For the diruthenium nickel complex [Ru2Ni(dpa)4Cl2]0-1+, the diruthenium stretching mode νRu-Ru is assigned to the intense band at 327 and 333 cm−1 in the Raman spectra for the neutral and oxidized forms, respectively. This implies a strong Ru-Ru metal-metal bonding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]