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Objective: Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis comparing the clinical outcomes after endoscopic and microscopic type I tympanoplasty. Study Design: Randomized controlled trials, two‐arm prospective studies, and retrospective studies were included. Setting: Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases were searched until March 1, 2022 using the combinations of search terms: "endoscopic," "microscopic," and "tympanoplasty." Methods: Two independent reviewers utilized the abovementioned search strategy to identify eligible studies. If any uncertainty existed regarding eligibility, a third reviewer was consulted. Primary outcome measures were graft success rate, air‐bone gap (ABG) improvement, and operative time. Secondary outcomes were the rate of need for canalplasty, the proportion of self‐rated excellent cosmetic results, and pain visual analog scale (VAS). Results: Forty‐three studies enrolled a total of 3712 patients who were undergoing type I tympanoplasty and were finally included. The pooled result showed endoscopic approach was significantly associated with shorter operative time (difference in means: −20.021, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −31.431 to −8.611), less need for canalplasty (odds ratio [OR]: 0.065, 95% CI: 0.026‐0.164), more self‐rated excellent cosmetic results (OR: 87.323, 95% CI: 26.750‐285.063), and lower pain VAS (difference in means: −2.513, 95% CI: −4.737 to −0.228). No significant differences in graft success rate or ABG were observed between the two procedures. Conclusion: Endoscopic type I tympanoplasty provides a similar graft success rate, improvement in ABG, and reperforation rate to microscopic tympanoplasty with a shorter operative time, better self‐rated cosmetic results, and less pain. Unless contraindicated, the endoscopic approach should be the procedure of choice in type I tympanoplasty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives/Hypothesis Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( OSAS) is a common disorder with serious clinical implications if left untreated. The recommended initial treatment for pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( OSAS) is adenotonsillectomy. However, recent reports have shown variable surgical results with adenotonsillectomy in the treatment of pediatric OSAS. Study Design Prospective, controlled study. Methods From April 2007 to August 2010, 24 participants were assigned alternatively to either adenotonsillectomy with pillar suturing (intervention group) or adenotonsillectomy alone (control group). Result The average improvement in apnea hypopnea index ( AHI) was 42.6% in the control group and 79.9% in the intervention group ( P=0.037). The success rate was 50% in the control group and 91.6% in the intervention group ( P=0.034). Six patients (50%) in the intervention group achieved complete resolution of pediatric OSAS, as defined by an AHI <1/hour, compared to 2 patients (16.7%) in the control group ( P=0.097). Conclusion Adenotonsillectomy with pillar suturing showed significant improvement in treating pediatric patients with OSAS compared to adenotonsillectomy alone. The procedure is simple and safe. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope, 123:2574-2578, 2013 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A special mental health clinic was set up in the gynecologic out-patient setting of a medical center. The present study examined the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients seen at the clinic and evaluated the need for mental health services in a gynecologic setting. Participants were 136 consecutive patients who visited the clinic during a 6 month period. Their ages ranged from 20 to 74 years, with a mean age of 41.5 ± 12.3 years. Twenty-three percent of women were referred by gynecologists. All subjects were interviewed by experienced psychiatrists using the structured Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), supplemented by the DSM-IV criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and other diagnoses. The most common diagnosis was major depressive disorder (36.0%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (29.4%), PMDD (16.2%), dysthymic disorder (14.7%) and others. Patients were categorized into four major diagnostic categories: depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, PMDD and others. No significant differences were found in years of education, employment status, living situations or referral pattern among the four major diagnostic groups. Most patients with anxiety disorders were married. Our results suggest that the gynecologic department may be a good setting to help women with mental disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of 150 women who visited a premenstrual syndrome (PMS) clinic in a Taiwanese medical center staffed by both psychiatrists and gynecologists. Method: All subjects were interviewed and assessed for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) using DSM-IV criteria, a PMS questionnaire, and the structured Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Where PMDD was suspected, subjects were followed using a daily symptom record. Results: A total of 110 subjects (73%) met the ICD-10 criteria for PMS. The most common PMS symptoms were minor psychological discomfort, muscular tension, and aches or pains. For 129 subjects (86%), other concurrent psychiatric disorders were diagnosed using the MINI. Of these, 48 (37%) reported premenstrual exacerbation (PME) of a previously diagnosed psychiatric condition. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that women who complain of PMS may be at a high risk of other psychiatric dysfunction, especially mood disorder. Further, the high proportion of PME cases determined in this study suggests that further investigation is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]