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Background: Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a pathological subtype with a high mortality, and the development of inhibitors in the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) component could be a novel therapeutic tool. Methods: Triple‐negative breast cancer data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and subtype analysis was performed by consistent clustering analysis to identify molecular subtypes of TNBC according to UPS characteristics. Differential analysis, COX and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) COX regression analyses were performed to select genes associated with overall survival in TNBC. The final prognostic model (UPS score) was determined using the LASSO COX model. The model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and survival curves. In addition, the results of the UPS score on analyzing the abundance of immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy were explored. Finally, we developed a nomogram for TNBC survival prediction. Results: Two UPS subtypes (UPSMS1 and UPSMS2) showing significant survival differences were classified. COX regression analysis on differentially expressed genes in UPSMS1 and UPSMS2 filtered five genes that affected overall survival. Based on the regression coefficients and expression data of the five genes, we built a prognostic assessment system (UPS score). The UPS score showed consistent prognostic and therapeutic guidance values. Finally, the ROC curve of the nomogram and UPS score showed the highest predictive efficacy compared with traditional clinical prognostic indicators. Conclusion: The UPS score represented a promising prognostic tool to predict overall survival and immune status and guide personalized treatment selection in TNBC patients, and this study may provide a more practical alternative for clinical monitoring and management of TNBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: As the third generation new battery, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 25.8% currently certified, which fully shows that they have great research value and development prospect. As one of the main components of high‐efficiency PSCs, hole transport materials (HTMs) play an important role in extracting and transporting holes and inhibiting charge recombination. However, commonly used HTMs require doping, and the hygroscopicity and corrosiveness of the dopants will destroy the stability of PSCs and hinder their commercialization. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop dopant‐free HTMs. In this review, the dopant‐free HTMs in recent six years are reviewed and summarized systematically, including organic small molecules, polymers and cross‐linkable materials. We focus on the design of the molecular cores and discuss their structure–property correlation, conductivity, and photovoltaic performance. Finally, how to design an ideal HTM is summarized. We hope that this review can provide reference for the development of low‐cost and dopant‐free HTMs to prepare efficient and stable PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: As the third generation new battery, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 25.8% currently certified, which fully shows that they have great research value and development prospect. As one of the main components of high‐efficiency PSCs, hole transport materials (HTMs) play an important role in extracting and transporting holes and inhibiting charge recombination. However, commonly used HTMs require doping, and the hygroscopicity and corrosiveness of the dopants will destroy the stability of PSCs and hinder their commercialization. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop dopant‐free HTMs. In this review, the dopant‐free HTMs in recent six years are reviewed and summarized systematically, including organic small molecules, polymers and cross‐linkable materials. We focus on the design of the molecular cores and discuss their structure–property correlation, conductivity, and photovoltaic performance. Finally, how to design an ideal HTM is summarized. We hope that this review can provide reference for the development of low‐cost and dopant‐free HTMs to prepare efficient and stable PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) affects around 40% of people with diabetes, the final outcome of which is end‐stage renal disease. The deficiency of autophagy and excessive oxidative stress have been found to participate in the pathogenesis of DN. Sinensetin (SIN) has been proven to have strong antioxidant capability. However, the effect of SIN on DN has not been studied. We examined the effect of SIN on cell viability and autophagy in the podocyte cell line, MPC5 cells, treated with high glucose (HG). For in vivo studies, DN mice models were established by intraperitoneal injected with streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days and fed with a 60% high‐fat diet, and SIN was given (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) for 8 weeks via intraperitoneal injection. The results showed that SIN could protect MPC5 cells against HG‐induced damage and significantly improve the renal function of DN mice. Moreover, SIN remarkably restored the autophagy activity of MPC5 cells which was inhibited under HG conditions. Consistent with this, SIN efficiently improved autophagy in the kidney tissue of DN mice. In brief, our findings demonstrated the protective effect of SIN on DN via restoring the autophagic function, which might provide a basis for drug development. Highlights: Sinensetin (SIN) could protect podocytes from high glucose (HG) injury.SIN could restore the autophagic function injured by HG.SIN could protect the mitochondria of podocytes, kidney damage, and damaged autophagy in the experimental diabetic nephropathy mice model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on the parity–time (PT) symmetry can realize stable power transmission with constant efficiency and output power in the PT‐symmetric region. In some applications with long transmission distance requirements, such as medical treatment, it is meaningful to expand the PT‐symmetric region by reducing the critical coupling coefficient. Therefore, a novel WPT system based on PT symmetry with a boost converter in secondary side is proposed in this article to expand the transmission range. The circuit theory is used to analyze the presented system. Then two models with different drive signals of the boost converter are established and simulated respectively to show the effect of the proposed system compared with the original PT‐symmetry‐based WPT system. Finally, the experimental results verify that the proposed system can play a role in extending the stable transmission distance or in suppressing the output power growth of the PT‐symmetric‐based WPT system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries have drawn increasing attention due to the intrinsic safety, cost‐effectiveness and high energy density. However, parasitic reactions and non‐uniform dendrite growth on the Zn anode side impede their application. Herein, a multifunctional additive, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NHP), is introduced to regulate uniform zinc deposition and to suppress side reactions. The results show that the NH4+ tends to be preferably absorbed on the Zn surface to form a "shielding effect" and blocks the direct contact of water with Zn. Moreover, NH4+ and (H2PO4)− jointly maintain pH values of the electrode‐electrolyte interface. Consequently, the NHP additive enables highly reversible Zn plating/stripping behaviors in Zn//Zn and Zn//Cu cells. Furthermore, the electrochemical performances of Zn//MnO2 full cells and Zn//active carbon (AC) capacitors are improved. This work provides an efficient and general strategy for modifying Zn plating/stripping behaviors and suppressing side reactions in mild aqueous electrolyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To promote the commercial application of sodium ion batteries (SIBs), new high‐stability and high‐capacity anode materials are needed. Metal oxides show great promise, but significant issues relating to their low electrical conductivity and unstable structure during charge storage must be resolved. Herein, a new composite anode consisting of pseudohexagonal Nb2O5 (TT‐Nb2O5) nanoparticles strongly anchored to carbon nanotubes (CNT) through a glucose‐derived carbon framework (Nb2O5/g‐CNT) was synthesised and assessed for use as the anode in SIBs. This represents the first application of TT‐Nb2O5 in SIBs. The composite is shown to offer high specific capacity (203 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1), good rate capability (53 mAh g−1 at high current density of 5 A g−1), and a high‐capacity retention rate (135 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 between 25 and 300 cycles). This is attributed to high electrical conductivity and flexibility offered by the designed carbon framework, the superior capacity of the TT‐Nb2O5 and the linkage between the two provided by the bonding glucose derived carbon. This work therefore demonstrates a scalable route for the application of metal oxides in future high‐performance SIB systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the robust formation tracking problems for uncertain multi‐agent systems(MASs). The leader is assumed to be linear case and the dynamics of the followers can be modelled as a high‐order linear system with heterogeneous uncertainties and external disturbances. Only part of the followers can get the states of the leader and the control input of the leader cannot be obtained by any followers. Based on the relative information among agents, robust formation tracking protocols are proposed to achieve the desired formation tracking. It can be proven that the formation tracking error can be made arbitrarily small if the formation tracking feasibility condition holds. Finally, a simulation example is provided to illustrate the obtained theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]