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Nivolumab belongs to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). ICIs‐induced kidney injury is rare and acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is the majority. A 58‐year‐old woman had gastric cancer treated with nivolumab. Her serum creatinine (Cr) increased to 5.94 mg/dL post 2 cycles of nivolumab and co‐administered with acemetacin. A kidney biopsy showed acute tubular injury (ATI). Nivolumab rechallenge was done and Cr worsened again. The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) indicated a strong positive for nivolumab. Although rare, ATI due to ICIs could not be ruled out, and LTT is a tool to identify the culprit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an alternative type reduction approach based on information combination with crisp interval operations (crisp interval operation type reduction [CIOTR]) is presented to avoid the time-consuming difficulty in the type reduction procedure for the mainly used interval-valued membership functions (MFs). Multiinformation is considered to be included in the primary MF of an interval-valued fuzzy set (FS). Interval operations are utilized to combine the multiinformation. With the integrated information, an interval-valued FS is reduced to be a simple FS. The proposed type reduction approach (CIOTR) is also applied to the design of a hybrid interval-valued fuzzy sliding controller (HFSCIV) for a double-pendulum-and-cart system. The simulation results are included to show the effectiveness of the designed HFSCsIV using the CIOTR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method for fabricating high-efficiency Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells is presented, and it is based on a non-explosive, low-cost, and simple solution process followed by a two-step heat treatment. 2-Methoxyethanol was used as a solvent, and Cu, Zn, Sn, chloride salts, and thiourea were used as solutes. A CZTSSe absorber was prepared by sulfurising and then selenising an as-coated Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) film. Sulfurisation in a sulfur vapour filled furnace for a long time (2 h) enhanced the crystallisation of the as-coated CZTS film and improved the stability of the CZTS precursor, and selenisation promoted further grain growth to yield a void-free CZTSSe film. Segregation of Cu and S at the grain boundaries, the absence of a fine-grain bottom layer, and the large grain size of the CZTSSe absorber were the main factors that enhanced the grain-to-grain transport of carriers and consequently the short-circuit current ( Jsc) and efficiency. The efficiency of the CZTS solar cell was 5.0%, which increased to 10.1% after selenisation. For the 10.1% CZTSSe solar cell, the external quantum efficiency was approximately 80%, the open-circuit voltage was 450 mV, the short-circuit current was 36.5 mA/cm2, and the fill factor was 61.9%. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim This study examines how trust and monetary reward influence nurses' job satisfaction and strengthen organisational commitment. Background Hospitals with high nurse retention rates typically have fewer medical errors and better quality care for patients. Therefore, health care administrators should provide a trustworthy workplace and a satisfactory reward system to retain experienced and skilled nurses. Method This study adopts the partial least squares method for parameter estimates and hypotheses based on 797 valid questionnaires from registered nurses in a Taiwan medical centre. Result All hypotheses were supported. The results show that the perceived trust of and rewards for registered nurses significantly influence their job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Although the impact of rewards is slightly stronger than that of trust among nurses on job satisfaction, the influence of trust among nurses is significantly higher than that of reward on organisational commitment. Conclusion The results show that administrators should enhance trust among nurses, establish a fair and attractive reward system, and increase nurse job satisfaction to elevate their commitment to the organisation. Implications for nursing management To build a high level of organisational commitment, developing trust among nurses and increasing job satisfaction are more critical than compensating with monetary incentives alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immense progress in microscale engineering technologies has significantly expanded the capabilities of in vitro cell culture systems for reconstituting physiological microenvironments that are mediated by biomolecular gradients, fluid transport, and mechanical forces. Here, we examine the innovative approaches based on microfabricated vessels for studying lymphatic biology. To help understand the necessary design requirements for microfluidic models, we first summarize lymphatic vessel structure and function. Next, we provide an overview of the molecular and biomechanical mediators of lymphatic vessel function. Then we discuss the past achievements and new opportunities for microfluidic culture models to a broad range of applications pertaining to lymphatic vessel physiology. We emphasize the unique attributes of microfluidic systems that enable the recapitulation of multiple physicochemical cues in vitro for studying lymphatic pathophysiology. Current challenges and future outlooks of microscale technology for studying lymphatics are also discussed. Collectively, we make the assertion that further progress in the development of microscale models will continue to enrich our mechanistic understanding of lymphatic biology and physiology to help realize the promise of the lymphatic vasculature as a therapeutic target for a broad spectrum of diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: One of the most discernable differences between keratinized and non-keratinized oral mucosas is the quantity of elastin they contain in the connective tissues. Whether elastin modulates the keratin expression of oral epithelial cells is unknown., Methods: Four specimens containing both keratinized and non-keratinized mucosas were processed for immunohistochemical (IHC) stainings for elastin and four keratins. Six keratinized and non-keratinized portions of oral mucosas were dissected and cultured on an organ culture system. Purified elastin and elastase were added separately to the media. After 14 days, the mucosas were examined for four keratin expressions. Cell cultures of keratinized and non-keratinized gingival fibroblasts were established and tested for elastin expression. Oral mucosa equivalents were then engineered and tested for keratin expression., Results: Keratinized epithelium exclusively expressed keratin-1 and -10 (K1/10), while non-keratinized epithelium expressed keratin-4 and -13 (K4/13). Only non-keratinized fibroblasts expressed elastin in cell culture. Both the native and the engineered keratinized gingiva changed phenotypes and expressed K4/13 when treated with exogenous elastin. On the contrary, the native non-keratinized mucosa started to express K1/10 when elastase eradicated inherent elastin., Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the elastin in the oral connective tissue is important for the non-keratinized phenotypes of overlaying epithelium.