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In a representative cohort of immunocompromised young people, we observed marked differences in humoral and cellular responses to a standard two-dose mRNA vaccination regime between disease categories. In conclusion, although immunocompromised young people display attenuated humoral and cellular responses to vaccination in general, there are marked differences in vaccine responses between disease subgroups, not completely explained by immunosuppression used. First, given the heterogeneity in vaccine responses, some patient groups who qualify for an additional primary vaccination dose, for example JIA patients, may not benefit significantly, resulting in suboptimal use of vaccines and vaccination capacity. [Extracted from the article]

Of note, HNF1A and HNF1B are associated with Fanconi syndrome and kidney cystic diseases in humans.4,5 Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of Hnf4 target genes (Table S3) corroborated the motif enrichment analysis, as it suggested that Hnf4 target genes were upregulated in PG rats (Figure 3E). The PG rat tubules were dilated compared to WT, thus accounting for the discrepant diameters of the tubules between the WT and PG rats. No histological kidney abnormalities were noted in WT and PS rats, while the PG rats had minimal to moderate histological changes (n = 3 for WT and PS rats, n = 6 for PG rats). Dear editor, We identified angiomotin ( I AMOT i ) as a novel candidate gene for X-linked recessive nephropathy associated with glomerular disease, tubulopathy and progressive kidney cystic disease. [Extracted from the article]

Overall, seropositive men who were initially negative for neutralising antibodies were approximately four times more likely to develop neutralising antibody positivity by day 42 in the zinc + vitamin C group compared with other interventions (odds ratio (OR) 3.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.69-8.32). Previous studies have not examined whether pharmacologic interventions could increase SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses. Future studies should examine whether increase in antibody production following zinc + vitamin C could sustain immunity against re-infection, and enhance antibody responses following vaccination among immunocompromised individuals. Zinc and vitamin C intake increases spike and neutralising antibody production following SARS-CoV-2 infection. [Extracted from the article]