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Patients received a median of one line of treatment (range, 1-4) prior to IDHi therapy and three patients had already received a first allo-SCT. No patients received IDHi as maintenance therapy after allo-SCT; four patients received a prophylactic treatment with azacitidine. There were no treatment-related deaths (one patient, treated with ivosidenib, developed a differentiation syndrome which evolved favourably after appropriate treatment and three patients developed a grade III-IV infection during IDHi treatment). Five patients had sequential conditioning (chemotherapy with broad antitumour activity followed by reduced-intensity conditioning regimen) and two patients had reduced-intensity conditioning.12 All patients had a haploidentical donor. [Extracted from the article]

Summary Immune effector cell‐associated hematotoxicity (ICAHT) is a common toxicity associated with an important morbidity after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T‐cell therapy. Multiple factors seem to be involved in the development of severe ICAHT, making its management difficult. Here, we report three cases of severe ICAHT after axicabtagene‐ciloleucel (axi‐cel) for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma showing an expansion of large granular lymphocyte in the bone marrow with a CD3/CD57‐positive non‐CAR‐T immunophenotype. We show that it is possible to treat them with low‐dose steroids, obtaining a striking resolution of cytopenias with no deleterious impact on the underlying malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Haploidentical haematopoietic cell transplantation (Haplo‐HCT) using peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) grafts and post‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is being increasingly used; however, data on immunological reconstitution (IR) are still scarce. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated T‐cell immunological reconstitution in 106 adult patients who underwent allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation for haematologic malignancies between 2013 and 2016. Results: At D30, while conventional T cells reached similar median counts in Haplo‐HCT recipients (n = 19) and controls (n = 87), γδ and Vδ2+ T‐cell median counts were significantly lower in Haplo‐HCT recipients and it persists at least until D360 for Vδ2+ T cells. PTCy induces a significant reduction in early γδ and Vδ2+ T‐cell proliferation at D 7. At one year, the rate of increase in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) viral load was significantly higher in Haplo‐HCT recipients as compared to controls (61% versus 34%, P = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, a higher γδ T‐cell count (> 4.63 μL−1) at D30 was the only independent parameter significantly associated with a reduced risk of increase in EBV viral load (RR 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15–0.76, P = 0.009). Conclusion: Immunological reconstitution of γδ T cells is significantly delayed after Haplo‐HCT using PTCy and low‐dose ATG and is associated with an increased risk of increase in EBV viral load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]