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ABSTRACT This study introduces a novel theoretical framework for determining the notch stress intensity factors (NSIFs) in composite materials. The approach involves utilizing Irwin's complex stress functions for Mode I and Mode II loading conditions. By investigating displacement and singular stress components around V‐notch tips, the research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of NSIFs in composite materials. Three different composite materials were considered in the study to explore the relationship between stress and material properties. The stress singularity order, denoted as λ$$ \lambda $$, is determined through eigenequations. Moreover, explicit solutions for displacement and singular stress fields are derived for a more thorough understanding of the behavior around notches in composite materials. To validate the proposed theoretical framework, a rigorous numerical study is conducted using FEM on finite‐size notches. The results obtained from the numerical simulations are compared with theoretical predictions to assess the accuracy and reliability of the developed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A weakly damped laminated beam system with nonlinear time delay is studied. The existence and uniqueness are proved by Faedo–Galerkin approach. We prove that the system is stable under some specific conditions on the weight of the delay and the equal wave speeds of propagation. The general energy decay rate is established by using multiplier method and some properties of convex functions. This decay result is obtained without imposing any restrictive growth assumption on the damping term at the origin. In addition, our result improves and develops some existing results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patient–ventilator asynchrony (PVA) is a condition that commonly affects patients who are mechanically ventilated. PVA happens when the patient's own breathing effort and the ventilator preset settings are out of sync. Ventilator waveform monitoring is viewed as a difficult undertaking, even for experienced practitioners, despite being a non‐invasive and reliable tool for diagnosing PVA. Aim: To assess the knowledge levels and attitudes of critical care nurses (CCNs) regarding the use of ventilator waveform monitoring to detect PVA. Study Design: A cross‐sectional online survey was conducted in three intensive care units (ICUs) in Alexandria, Egypt. The questionnaire consisted of four parts to evaluate CCNs' level of knowledge and attitude regarding ventilator waveform monitoring and assess their ability to detect PVA. Results: Of the 137 CCNs approached, 101 CCNs completed the survey, resulting in a 73.7% response rate. Most nurses (88.1%) demonstrated poor knowledge levels and negative attitudes (93.1%) towards using waveform monitoring to detect PVA. A significant relationship was found between nurses' knowledge of ventilator waveform monitoring and their participation in previous training programmes on mechanical ventilation (MV; p =.031). Additionally, nurses' attitudes towards ventilator waveform monitoring were significantly associated with their level of education (p =.002) and attendance in previous courses on waveform analysis (p =.020). Conclusions: A majority of CCNs have poor knowledge and negative attitudes regarding ventilator waveform monitoring. Previous training in MV and attendance courses on ventilator waveform analysis showed a significant correlation between nurses' level of knowledge and attitudes regarding ventilator waveform monitoring. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Assessment of CCNs' knowledge and attitudes regarding ventilator waveform monitoring for detecting patient–ventilator asynchrony (PVA) informs the development of future educational programmes, ultimately aiding in the delivery of prompt and high‐quality care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, nanoporous anodic alumina distributed‐Bragg reflectors (NAA–DBRs) functionalized with tungsten trioxide (WO3) are used as prototype photoelectrocatalysts (PEC) for harnessing the slow photon effect to maximize photon‐to‐electron conversion efficiency under UV–visible–NIR illumination. NAA–DBR structures are structurally engineered by anodization, where their characteristic photonic stopband is precisely tuned along specific positions of the UV–visible spectrum. Subsequent atomic layer deposition is employed to coat the inner surface of these porous structures with WO3 semiconductor layers. Upon the application of overpotential bias, these platforms reveal excellent electron–hole pair separation to boost photoelectrocatalytic reactions. Photoelectrochemical degradation of methylene blue is used as a model reaction to elucidate enhancements associated with structural and optoelectronic arrangements. Notably, precise spectral alignment between the photonic stopband's red edge and the absorbance band of methylene blue enhances the degradation performance through the slow photon effect. Applying an overpotential bias further improves the photodegradation performance through efficient charge separation. These systems outperform comparable structures in this model reaction, achieving a maximum kinetic rate of 13.7 ± 2.0 h−1. The findings create new opportunities to develop high‐performing PEC technologies harnessing light–matter interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gulf of Suez, which contains Egypt's oldest oil fields, is one of North Africa's most well‐known oil regions. There are more than 80 conventional oil fields in Egypt's Gulf of Suez, some of which have reservoirs that stretch back to the Precambrian and Quaternary. In close proximity to the southern entrance of the Gulf of Suez is the Tawilla West oilfield. The oil field Tawilla West is believed to consist of rotating fault blocks that descend in a south‐west direction. The main producing reservoirs are the Miocene section reservoirs, the Belayim and Kareem sandstones. The current research is focusing on the structural elements affecting this giant field to update the field structural model using the newly processed 3D seismic survey, the acquired data from newly drilled wells and the associated different logging techniques. The seismic information quality varied from poor to fair. The quality of the interpreted stratigraphic horizons and geological faults was mainly controlled by the seismic information quality. The research used seismic attribute analyses to improve interpretation and incorporate additional features, enabling better hydrocarbon potential identification and characterization of the reservoirs. Several geological structure contour maps and cross‐sections were generated to help in delineating and understanding the reservoir's extension. Based on the detailed correlation study, we were able to detect the faults that affected the structure of the Tawilla West field in detail, define their throw amounts and directions, and identify the missed sections across the studied area. This study introduces an updated model scenario to show the differences and their effect on the field development plan and recommendations. By examining subsurface geologic structural characteristics and evaluating petrophysical data, a 3D static reservoir model was created to resolve structural settings and hydrocarbon trapping, providing detailed information on the field and identifying new opportunities for future development. The research discovered that the updated detailed 3D structural model may support the Kareem Reservoir development plans and encourage drilling, workover and dynamic operations to assign development possibilities in the correct area. According to the established model, there are at least three options in the study's attic areas that might boost oil output and oil reserves for the field while avoiding further failures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: Monoclonal antibodies (Ab) represent the fastest growing drug class. Knowledge of the biophysical parameters (kon, koff and KD) that dictate Ab:receptor interaction is critical during the drug discovery process. However, with the increasing complexity of Ab formats and their targets, it became apparent that existing technologies present limitations and are not always suitable to determine these parameters. Therefore, novel affinity determination methods represent an unmet assay need. Experimental Approach: We developed a pre‐equilibrium kinetic exclusion assay using recent mathematical advances to determine the kon, koff and KD of monoclonal Ab:receptor interactions on living cells. The assay is amenable to all human IgG1 and rabbit Abs. Key Results: Using our novel assay, we demonstrated for several monoclonal Ab:receptor pairs that the calculated kinetic rate constants were comparable with orthogonal methods that were lower throughput or more resource consuming. We ran simulations to predict the critical conditions to improve the performance of the assays. We further showed that this method could successfully be applied to both suspension and adherent cells. Finally, we demonstrated that kon and koff, but not KD, correlate with in vitro potency for a panel of monoclonal Abs. Conclusions and Implications: Our novel assay has the potential to systematically probe binding kinetics of monoclonal Abs to cells and can be incorporated in a screening cascade to identify new therapeutic candidates. Wide‐spread adoption of pre‐equilibrium assays using physiologically relevant systems will lead to a more holistic understanding of how Ab binding kinetics influence their potency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Material extrusion and injection molding are prevalent in polymer processing, but wood fiber‐reinforced polymer composites offer eco‐friendly alternatives for industries like automotive, and aviation. Our study explores biocomposites using bleached chemi‐thermomechanical pulp (BCTMP) and polypropylene (PP). BCTMP is rich in cellulose and hemicellulose and quite hydrophilic, while PP's hydrophobic structure creates a disconnect to creating a composite of the two. Traditional methods add costly coupling agents like maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) in an attempt to enhance the adhesion properties of wood‐plastic composites. However, it is worth noting that even in the presence of MAPP, PP maintains its high hydrophobicity and low surface energy, despite exhibiting considerable heterogeneity. Further complexity arises from the thermal degradation characteristics of BCTMP during the melting processing of PP. Our proposed method involves premixing via cryo and planetary ball milling. This boosts PP and BCTMP adhesion, enhancing dispersion quality and mechanical properties without needing coupling agents. Moreover, the premixing of BCTMP and PP forms a thermal buffer layer around BCTMP, minimizing its thermal degradation during processing. This process also ensures even distribution of BCTMP into PP, resulting in a 200% rise in Young's modulus with 30 wt% BCTMP without compromising ultimate tensile strength. Highlights: Exploration of biocomposites using bleached chemi‐thermomechanical pulp (BCTMP) and polypropylene (PP) thorough injection moldingImplementation of premixing to enhance PP/BCTMP adhesion without coupling agentsPremixing reduces thermal degradation of BCTMP, enhances dispersion, and improves mechanical propertiesAchieving a 200% increase in Young's modulus with 30% BCTMP incorporation, while maintaining ultimate tensile strength [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent breakthroughs in bioelectronic devices have stemmed from developments involving nanocomposites. Sepsis, preeclampsia, vascular dementia, and heart disease are serious conditions that will benefit from the continuous monitoring of pulse pressure (PP) and temperature (T) to improve medical insights and care. However, current clinical instruments are bulky, and lacking discreetness, while nanocomposites currently lack measurement accuracy. A thin (<1 mm) electronic skin (e‐skin) is developed utilizing nanocomposite micro‐caviar (MC), diameter (D) ≈290 µm, based on confined silver nanowire (AgNW) networks and food‐grade brown seaweed (BS). MCs are virtually invisible (transmittance >99%) and extremely electromechanically sensitive (gauge factor, G >200). In addition to a considerable temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of 4.58 ± 0.95% °C−1 and excellent signal stability, skin‐interfaced devices measured cuff‐less PP and skin T with an accuracy conducive to clinical instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artemisia abyssinica and Artemisia arborescens are unique plants that show significant bioactive properties and are used for the treatment of a variety of diseases. This study assessed the nutritional values, functional properties, chemical composition, and bioactive attributes of these plants as functional nutritional supplements. Compared to A. arborescens, A. abyssinica had higher fat (4.76%), fiber (16.07%), total carbohydrates (55.87%), and energy (302.15 kcal/100 g DW), along with superior functional properties, including higher water and oil absorption capacities (638.81% and 425.85%, respectively) and foaming capacity and stability (25.67% and 58.48%). The investigation of volatile compounds found that A. abyssinica had higher amounts of hotrienol (4.53%), yomogi alcohol (3.92%), caryophyllene (3.67%), and carvotanacetone (3.64%), which possess anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Artemisia abyssinica contributed over 30% of the recommended dietary intake (RDI) of amino acids. It displayed superior levels of sodium (31.46 mg/100 g DW) and calcium (238.07 mg/100 g DW). It also exhibited higher levels of organic acids, particularly malic acid, butyric acid, and succinic acid, compared to A. arborescens. Fatty acid analysis revealed palmitic and linoleic acids as primary components in both plants, with A. abyssinica having a higher palmitic acid content. Artemisia abyssinica also had higher vitamin C and thiamine levels. Although A. arborescens showed the highest total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and capacity, A. abyssinica demonstrated acceptable efficiency in TPC and antioxidant content. These findings highlight the potential of both Artemisia species, particularly A. abyssinica, as valuable sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds for various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel, sensitive, and cost‐effective spectrofluorimetric approach was established for the estimation of two important tetracycline antibiotics, tetracycline and doxycycline, without any pre‐treatment procedures or harsh reaction conditions, for the first time. The proposed methodology is based on the quantitative quenching effect of each tetracycline and doxycycline on the native fluorescence of nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped carbon quantum dots (NS‐CQDs). A simple and ultrafast approach was applied to synthesize NS‐CQDs using thiosemicarbazide and citric acid as starting materials after incubation in a microwave for only 1 min. Utilizing an excitation wavelength of 360 nm, NS‐CQDs showed maximum emission peak at 430 nm. Calibration curves revealed excellent linearity within the ranges of 1.0–10.0 and 0.8–12.0 μg/mL with detection limits of 0.20 and 0.09 μg/mL for tetracycline and doxycycline, respectively. Due to the method's high sensitivity and selectivity, the proposed approach was applied for the determination of the studied drugs in their capsules and human plasma samples with high %recoveries. The developed approach was validated according to ICHQ2(R2) guidelines. GAPI and AGREE metric tools were used to verify the method's greenness and eco‐friendliness, suggesting its use as a green substitute for the analysis of the studied drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We implement a two‐stage methodology based on the structural vector autoregressive and time‐varying parameter vector autoregressive models to examine the time‐varying effect of distinct types of oil‐price shocks on sovereign credit risks measured by credit default swap (CDS) spreads in Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Using monthly data for the period from May 2011 to February 2022, our results show time‐varying responses to structural oil shocks in the short‐ and medium‐run periods, with more fluctuations in responses detected over the full sample period in the former. Overall, we detect a break in the contagious impacts of oil shocks during and in the aftermath of, the 2014–2015 oil crisis and COVID‐19 crisis. Specifically, the Bahraini market is found to exhibit a positive (negative) reaction to the oil supply shocks (OS) and oil market‐specific demand shocks (OSD) throughout the pandemic period. Furthermore, we uncover a transient response from the Saudi and Qatari CDS spreads to the aggregate demand shocks (ADS) and the OSD over the full sample period, indicating the need for portfolio rebalancing. In the UAE, we detect a positive impact over the three sampled years of OSD since 2011. Moreover, a notable decoupling pattern continues to appear between short‐ and medium‐term innovations in the ADS. Our results suggest adopting more conservative trading in the CDS markets while understanding the oil price and the economic state. The complexity of the trading strategy should also depend on the target Gulf market itself and that seems essential when it comes to investing in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We contribute to the literature by being the first to examine the direction of causality between the different sources of oil price shocks and financial stress in the global financial markets (OFR), US, other advanced economies (OAE), and emerging markets (EM). Specifically, we aim to empirically answer a key question: Do global oil market shocks drive financial stress, or does financial stress spur oil market shocks? Using a two‐stage methodology based on the structural VAR (SVAR) and entropy‐based analysis over the period January 2000–October 2022, the results show that the links between financial stress and oil shocks are contingent on the type of shock. Within this, oil supply shock is mildly connected to financial stress; oil demand shock is vulnerable to innovation from financial stress; and oil‐specific demand shock has a noticeable time‐variable element wherein the shock prevails at the beginning of the sample and financial stress dominates the transmission at the end of the sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The stability of soft tissue volume around dental implants is an important factor for the final esthetic outcome. The main objective of this study was to compare volume stable collagen matrix (VCMX) versus connective tissue graft (CTG) in the augmentation of soft tissue profiles in single implant sites with a class I Siebert ridge defect. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients (14 females and 6 males) were enrolled in the present study. After implant placement and augmentation of the buccal defect by VCMX or CTG, post‐operative evaluation of the volumetric changes at the augmented implant site was carried out at 3, 6, and 9 months as primary outcome, clinical and radiographic soft tissue thickness were carried out at baseline and 9‐month intervals, visual analog scale (VAS) and oral health impact profile‐14 (OHIP14) were recorded 2 weeks after the surgery. Results: A statistically significant difference in soft tissue volume was found between baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively in both groups with the highest value at 9 months (136.33 ± 86.80) (mm3) in VCMX and (186.38 ± 57.52) (mm3) in CTG. Soft tissue thickness was significantly increased in both groups at 9 months in comparison to baseline. However, there was a significantly higher increase in soft tissue thickness at 9 months in CTG (3.87 ± 0.91) than in VCMX (2.94 ± 0.31). Regarding the radiographic soft tissue thickness, there was a statistically significant increase in both groups at 9 months in comparison to baseline. However, there was a statistically higher increase in the radiographic soft tissue thickness at 9 months in CTG (3.08 ± 0.97) than in VCMX (2.37 ± 0.29). VAS showed a statistically lower value in VCMX (0.4 ± 0.7) than CTG (2.8 ± 1.48). The OHIP recorded lower values in the VCMX group than the CTG group with no statistical significance. In addition, there was no difference in the PES between the two groups. Conclusion: The present study showed that CTG and VCMX were both effective in soft tissue augmentation around implants in the esthetic zone. However, CTG proved more efficient in increasing peri‐implant soft tissue volume and mucosal thickness around single implants at a 9‐month follow‐up period. VCMX was associated with less pain or discomfort and reduced patient morbidity, as reflected by the significantly reduced VAS value in the VCMX group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this review, the transformative role of polymer nanocomposites in hydrogen production from challenging water sources is explored. Their catalytic efficiency and unique properties are highlighted, making them vital for overcoming complexities in hydrogen generation. Polymer nanocomposites demonstrate exceptional adaptability to various water compositions, including wastewater and saline water, enhancing efficiency, stability, and compatibility. In this review, the significance of these nanomaterials in the sustainable energy landscape is underscored, showcasing their ability to outperform conventional methods. Key breakthroughs in catalytic efficiency and adaptability are emphasized, illustrating their crucial role in clean hydrogen production. Looking forward, in this review, potential applications of polymer nanocomposites in diverse fields, from industrial processes to energy sector advancements, are identified. This synthesis of findings not only enhances the understanding but also sets the stage for the widespread adoption of polymer nanocomposites in meeting the global demand for sustainable hydrogen production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6‐based ceramics were synthesized using a standard solid‐phase reaction process, and the inherent relationship between crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties was thoroughly explored. The crystal structure of the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6 ceramic was determined by X‐ray diffractometer, which confirmed the existence of two phases. Microstructure observation of the ceramics was obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Excellent microwave dielectric properties with a low ԑr ∼6.52, a high Q × f ∼46 010 GHz, and the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) ∼−14 ppm°C−1 were obtained in the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6 ceramic sintered at 1060°C. By adding sintering additives LiF and Li2O–B2O3–SiO2–CaO–Al2O3 (LBSCA) glass, the sintering temperature was decreased from 1060°C to 870°C. Good microwave dielectric properties with a ԑr ∼6.59, a Q × f ∼18 820 GHz, and TCF ∼−14 ppm°C−1 were achieved in the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6 ‐2 wt.% LiF, 1 wt.% LBSCA (2F1LBSCA) ceramic sintered at 870°C. The low‐temperature firing ceramics could also be well co‐fired with Ag with good chemical compatibility. These results indicated that the 0.5BaCuSi4O10–0.5BaCuSi2O6 ceramic with 2F1LBSCA additions can be utilized in low‐temperature co‐fired ceramics technology to produce high‐frequency communication components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Patients and methods Results Conclusion Very few studies have compared laparoscopic pelvic organ prolapse suspension (POPS) and laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy (LVMR) in the treatment of rectal prolapse, particularly regarding the comparison of improvement rates in obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS). This study aimed to compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of these two methods over a long‐term follow‐up period.This retrospective study was conducted on 120 female patients diagnosed with rectal prolapse who underwent surgery at the Colorectal Surgery Department of Shahid Faqihi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, between October 2015 and October 2022. The patients were categorised into two groups based on their surgical procedures: 58 underwent LVMR in the first group, and 62 underwent POPS in the second group.Recurrence of prolapse occurred in 7 (12.1%) patients in the LVMR group and 5 (8.1%) patients in the POPS group (P = .550). The mean operation time, mean length of hospital stay, Visual Analogue Scale score, early and late post‐operative complications, Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score, ODS symptoms, and Wexner Constipation Scores did not differ significantly between the two groups.Both laparoscopic POPS and LVMR techniques significantly improved the anatomical and functional outcomes in the treatment of rectal prolapse and obstructed defecation. LVMR and POPS can each be considered first‐line treatment options for rectal prolapse, depending on the specific case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper strives to investigate the time fractional system that characterizes the ion sound wave influenced by the ponderomotive force induced by a high‐frequency field, as well as the Langmuir wave in plasma. Initially, based on the qualitative theory for planar integrable systems, four‐phase portraits are found in the (u,y)$$ \left(u,y\right) $$ phase plane under certain conditions on the physical parameters. These conditions are used to prove analytically the existence of solitary, kink (anti‐kink), periodic, super‐periodic, and unbounded wave solutions. The correspondence between the energy levels, phase orbits, and consequently the type of the solution is announced. We derived the bounded wave solutions associated with the phase orbits, which are shown to be consistent with the qualitative analysis of the types of solutions. Moreover, we studied the consistency between the obtained solutions by investigating the degeneracy of the solutions through the transmission between the phase orbits, or equivalently, through the dependence on the initial conditions. With the presence of perturbed periodic terms, the quasi‐periodic behavior and chaotic patterns are investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose Methods Results Conclusions Ischemic strokes due to isolated posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusions represent 5% of all strokes but have significant impacts on patients’ quality of life, primarily due to visual deficits and thalamic involvement. Current guidelines for acute PCA occlusion management are sparse, and the prognostic value of perfusion imaging parameters remains underexplored.We conducted a retrospective analysis of 32 patients with isolated PCA occlusions treated at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions between January 2017 and March 2023. Patients underwent pretreatment perfusion imaging, with perfusion parameters analyzed using RAPID software. The primary outcome was short‐term clinical outcome as measured by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at discharge.The median age of the cohort was 70 years, with 34% female and 66% male. Significant correlations were found between NIHSS at discharge and various perfusion parameters, including time‐to‐maximum (Tmax) >6 seconds (ρ = .55, p = .004), Tmax >8 seconds (ρ = .59, p = .002), Tmax >10 seconds (ρ = .6, p = .001), mismatch volume (ρ = .51, p = .008), and cerebral blood volume (CBV) < 34% (ρ = .59, p = .002).Tmax and CBV volumes significantly correlated with discharge NIHSS with marginal superiority of Tmax >10 seconds and CBV <42% volumes. These findings suggest that CT and MR perfusion imaging can play a crucial role in the acute management of PCA strokes, though larger, standardized studies are needed to validate these results and refine imaging thresholds specific to posterior circulation infarcts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Our objective was to develop and validate cutoff values in the systemic Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score 10 (sJADAS10) that distinguish the states of inactive disease (ID), minimal disease activity (MDA), moderate disease activity (MoDA), and high disease activity (HDA) in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, based on subjective disease state assessment by the treating pediatric rheumatologist. Methods: The cutoff definition cohort was composed of 400 patients enrolled at 30 pediatric rheumatology centers in 11 countries. Using the subjective physician rating as an external criterion, six methods were applied to identify the cutoffs: mapping, calculation of percentiles of cumulative score distribution, the Youden index, 90% specificity, maximum agreement, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Sixty percent of the patients were assigned to the definition cohort, and 40% were assigned to the validation cohort. Cutoff validation was conducted by assessing discriminative ability. Results: The sJADAS10 cutoffs that separated ID from MDA, MDA from MoDA, and MoDA from HDA were ≤2.9, ≤10, and >20.6, respectively. The cutoffs discriminated strongly among different levels of pain, between patients with and without morning stiffness, and among patients whose parents judged their disease status as remission or persistent activity or flare or were satisfied or not satisfied with current illness outcome. Conclusion: The sJADAS cutoffs revealed good metrologic properties in both definition and validation cohorts and are therefore suitable for use in clinical trials and routine practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellulose acetate (CA) membranes used in reverse osmosis (RO) desalination techniques often face fouling challenges. In this experimental study, the phase inversion method was employed to investigate the incorporation of graphene oxide nanoparticles (GONP) metal–organic frameworks (MOF), into the casting solution for composite CA‐RO membranes. The effects of varying GONP concentrations on fouling resistance and hydrophilicity were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurements, and water content analysis. The results demonstrated that the modified CA membrane with 0.05 wt% GONP exhibited improved water permeability (10.3 L/m2 h) and salt rejection (95.8%) compared with the pristine CA membrane. These improvements stem from increased hydrophilicity and reduced fouling. This study's findings suggest that incorporating GONP into the polymeric doped solution can effectively mitigate fouling issues and enhance the performance of RO membranes in desalination applications. Highlights: GONP enhances hydrophilicity, reducing fouling in desalination.Effects of varying GONP concentrations were studied.GONP‐CA membrane shows better permeability and salt rejection than pristine.Nanocomposite membranes promise in overcoming fouling in RO membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Latin America faces a significant public health challenge due to the high prevalence of obesity and its associated diseases. Metabolic and bariatric surgery is effective and safe to treat obesity when other treatments fail; however, its implementation in Latin America remains unsatisfactory. This review explores the current status, challenges, and innovations of metabolic and bariatric surgery in Latin America. We searched peer‐reviewed journals in English and Spanish for relevant articles published between 1998 and 2023. We found that more than 20% of the Latin American population is affected by obesity. Unfortunately, only a limited number of patients have access to metabolic and bariatric surgery due to high cost, limited availability, and shortage of specialists. The review found that ongoing clinical trials are being conducted in Brazil, Mexico, Chile, and Venezuela, indicating some regional progress. However, published studies remain low in number compared with other regions. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical outcomes, risks, and perioperative assessments associated with metabolic and bariatric surgery. We discussed potential strategies to enhance the availability and affordability of this intervention. This review emphasizes the significance of metabolic and bariatric surgery in addressing the obesity pandemic, specifically for Latin America, and proposes directions for future research and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ID10 beamline of the SESAME (Synchrotron‐light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East) synchrotron light source in Jordan was inaugurated in June 2023 and is now open to scientific users. The beamline, which was designed and installed within the European Horizon 2020 project BEAmline for Tomography at SESAME (BEATS), provides full‐field X‐ray radiography and microtomography imaging with monochromatic or polychromatic X‐rays up to photon energies of 100 keV. The photon source generated by a 2.9 T wavelength shifter with variable gap, and a double‐multilayer monochromator system allow versatile application for experiments requiring either an X‐ray beam with high intensity and flux, and/or a partially spatial coherent beam for phase‐contrast applications. Sample manipulation and X‐ray detection systems are designed to allow scanning samples with different size, weight and material, providing image voxel sizes from 13 µm down to 0.33 µm. A state‐of‐the‐art computing infrastructure for data collection, three‐dimensional (3D) image reconstruction and data analysis allows the visualization and exploration of results online within a few seconds from the completion of a scan. Insights from 3D X‐ray imaging are key to the investigation of specimens from archaeology and cultural heritage, biology and health sciences, materials science and engineering, earth, environmental sciences and more. Microtomography scans and preliminary results obtained at the beamline demonstrate that the new beamline ID10‐BEATS expands significantly the range of scientific applications that can be targeted at SESAME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The benefits of intravenous thrombolysis are time‐dependent, with maximum efficacy when administered within the first "golden" hour after onset. Nevertheless, the impact of golden hour thrombolysis has not been well quantified. Methods: Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception to August 27, 2023. We included studies that reported safety and efficacy outcomes of ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis in the golden hour versus later treatment window. The primary outcome was an excellent functional outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0–1 at 90 days. The secondary efficacy outcome was a good functional outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2). The main safety outcome was symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Results: Seven studies involving 78,826 patients met the selection criteria. Golden hour thrombolysis was associated with higher odds of 90‐day excellent functional outcomes (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.16–1.67) and 90‐day good functional outcomes (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.13–1.69) compared with thrombolysis outside the golden hour. The number needed to treat to benefit for golden hour thrombolysis to reduce disability by at least 1 level on the modified Rankin Scale per patient was 2.6. Rates of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and mortality were similar between groups. Interpretation: Golden hour thrombolysis significantly improved acute ischemic stroke outcomes. The findings provide rationale for intensive efforts aimed at expediting thrombolytic therapy within the golden hour window following the onset of acute ischemic stroke. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:582–590 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, five compositions in the BaO–MgO–SiO2 ternary system were chosen, and ceramics were prepared using the solid‐state reaction method. Single phases were formed easily for the first four compositions, and BaMgSi3O8 ceramics were found to be a mixture of both BaSi2O5 and MgSiO3, according to X‐ray diffraction results. Among all the compositions, Ba2MgSi2O7 ceramic sintered at 1225°C possesses the highest Qf (Q = 1/dielectric loss = 1/tanδ, f = resonant frequency) value ∼55 010 GHz along with relative permittivity ∼8.0 and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) ∼−57.5 ppm/°C. With 3 wt.% BCB (BaO–B2O3–CuO) additions, Ba2MgSi2O7 ceramic was well densified at 950°C with a relative permittivity ∼8.1, Qf value ∼28 920 GHz (at 12.37 GHz) and TCF value ∼‒56.6 ppm/°C. These series ceramics with low relative permittivity values might be good candidates for low‐temperature co‐fire ceramic technology substrate applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mpox infection is a zoonotic illness that resembles smallpox. Vaccination is widely regarded as a vital effective method of preventing mpox, however, there is lack of consensus of effectiveness of a single dose of mpox vaccine in the current 2022–2023 outbreak. We pooled data from real‐world studies to evaluate the efficacy of the JYNNEOS vaccination given as a single dosage. Method: We carried out a thorough literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up until August 2023. We estimated the pooled vaccine effectiveness (VE) for mpox using inverse variance method in a random‐effects meta‐analysis. We expressed the results as VE, 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and 95% prediction interval (95% PI) using R v4.3.0. We assessed influence, heterogeneity contribution, and influence of studies using several tests and conducted sensitivity analysis accordingly. We used Doi plot and Luis Furuya‐Kanamori (LFK) index to evaluate publication bias. Results: With a total sample size of 35,326 individuals, we involved 11 studies in the meta‐analysis. The VE of a single dose of JYNNEOS vaccine was 78.23% (95% CI: 62.79%–87.27%) by pooling data of 24,784 individuals over seven studies. The findings were heterogenous with a 95% PI of −32.14% to 96.41% depicting the expected range of VE in similar settings. Notably, VE increased to 83.02% (74.62%–88.64%) with a prediction interval of (44.67%–94.79) after sensitivity analysis by leaving out outliers. The results were robust in light of several sensitivity analyses. An asymmetric Doi plot with LFK index of −2.25 showed potential publication bias. Pooled prevalence of mpox infection among vaccinated individuals (breakthrough infection) in six studies was 2.19% (0.37%–5.32%). Conclusion: The present findings provide compelling evidence that a single dose of JUNNEOS vaccine can protect recipients from mpox infection. With a 78.23% estimated efficacy rate, the vaccine is thought to be a useful tool in preventing further spread of mpox. However, more research and ongoing surveillance are required to fully understand the reasons behind breakthrough infections and to improve immunization strategies for better protection against mpox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phenol bioremediation was investigated using two bacteria (primarily cocci) Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis, Kocuria rosea strains and the one actinomycetes Nocardiopsis lucentensis which were isolated from samples of activated sludge from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Beni‐Suef, Egypt as sole carbon and energy sources. This was applied on real industrial wastewater sample taken from Ul HAWA textile plant, Middle Egypt. Degradation of phenol by microbes adsorbed on natural kaolin clay was studied compared with free microbes. In case of 50 mg/L as starting phenol concentration, the percentage removal using free microbes was 68%, corresponding to 98% in case of microbes adsorbed on kaolin clay after the passage of 48 h under incubation at 30°C and neutral pH at 150 rpm. Also, 300 mg/L of phenol achieved degradation frequency of 80% compared to 38% after ≈48 h without clay addition. High concentrations of an organic pollutant are usually inhibitory for the microorganisms. Kaolin clay has a pronounced effect in accelerating phenol degradation through biofilm formation resulting in decreasing the degradation time, increasing the percentage of removing efficiency under high phenol concentration conditions due to its buffering effects on pH fluctuations of the degradation system. Kaolin clay protects microorganisms against unfavorable environment, resists the adverse effects of substrate inhibition and accelerates the degradation process. The adsorption process was demonstrated by the pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order, Weber–Morris adsorption kinetic models, and four isotherm models namely, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich have been applied to express the adsorption process. The SEM images of microbes adsorbed on kaolin clay explain their adsorption mode on the clay surface as biofilm (Bio kaolinite). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are emerging as a potential material to the obstacles preventing the broad adoption of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). While these batteries offer a high energy density, they are plagued by challenges including dendrite growth, formation of dead lithium, and generation of an unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). In this contribution, we undertake a comprehensive exploration of COFs, probing their capacity to surmount these hurdles via a spectrum of methodologies. These encompass the development of novel cathode materials, enhancement of the SEI layer, customization of separators, incorporation of electrolyte additives, and adaptation of current collector strategies. We also examine the potential of COFs in solid‐state LMBs, which offer even greater energy storage capability. Peering ahead, the ongoing refinement and advancement of COFs hold the potential to substantially elevate the efficiency and dependability of LMBs, ultimately paving the way for their expanded utilization in critical applications such as electric vehicles and energy storage for power grids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lithium disilicate can be reliable when restoring implants in the esthetic zone. However, it has a high elastic modulus. This might increase the amount of forces transmitted to the crestal bone. Aim of the Study: To evaluate the crestal bone loss and peri‐implant periodontal parameters of polymer infiltrated ceramic network compared to lithium disilicate implant‐supported hybrid abutment crowns after 12 months of follow‐up. Methodology: 44 patients were enrolled. They were randomly assigned into two groups (n = 22). The first group received 22 implants restored with polymer‐infiltrated ceramic network (Vitaenamic) hybrid abutment crowns. The second group received 22 implants restored with lithium disilicate (e.max) hybrid abutment crowns over immediately placed implants in the esthetic zone. Periapical radiographs were taken immediately after prosthetic placement and 1 year later utilizing a parallel technique, to assess crestal bone loss. Periodontal parameters were assessed after 1 year. Results: Regarding crestal bone loss, a comparison between group I (Vitaenamic) and group II (e.max) was made by using an Independent t‐test, which showed an insignificant difference between them (p > 0.05). A comparison between groups I and II revealed insignificant differences regarding periodontal parameters (probing depth, bleeding on probing, visible plaque, and suppuration). Conclusions: Regarding bone stability and periodontal parameters, polymer infiltrated ceramic network and lithium disilicate hybrid abutment crowns showed comparable results. Both materials showed clinically acceptable hard and soft tissue responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Phase 1 oncology trials provide access to new therapies and may improve cancer outcomes. Phase 1 trials conducted in the Asian‐Pacific region are increasing at a faster rate than the global trend. This study aimed to describe the changing landscape of phase 1 oncology trials in Australia in the last decade. Methods: This cross‐sectional study reviewed phase 1 oncology trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov conducted in Australia. Phase 1 trials were included for analysis if they enrolled adults with solid organ malignancies, used at least one systemic agent, and were first registered between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2022. The number of trials, site locations, sponsor type, and drug class were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Over the 10‐year period, ClinicalTrials.gov included 493 phase 1 clinical trials across 71 Australian sites. Most sites were in metropolitan locations; in Melbourne, trials were concentrated within selected sites, while in Sydney, trials were spread across a larger number of sites. The number of phase 1 trials per annum increased from 18 in 2012 to 75 in 2022. Since 2020, emerging biopharmaceutical companies have become the predominant sponsor type, a trend that is also seen globally. While most trial sponsors were North American (42%), there was increasing representation from Asian sponsors over the 10‐year period (6% in 2012 to 39% in 2022). Immunomodulatory (45%) and targeted approaches (44%) accounted for most drug classes used alone or in combination. Conclusions: There are an increasing number of phase 1 trials conducted within Australia. Sponsors of phase 1 trials are increasingly from Asian countries and are more likely to be emerging biopharmaceutical companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the bone–miniscrew contact surface area (BMC) and the cortical bone microcracks (CM) resulting from manual (hand‐driven) and automated (motor‐driven) orthodontic miniscrew (OM) insertion methods. Methods: Thirty‐three OM were inserted in the femurs of nine New Zealand rabbits using manual (n = 16) and automated (n = 17) insertions. After euthanizing the rabbits, bone blocks, each including one OM, were sawed. Micro‐CT scanning was performed, and data analysis included reconstruction, binarization and quantification of morphometric parameters of BMC and the number and length of CM. Means and standard deviations for complete BMC, complete BMC proportion, cortical BMC, cortical BMC proportion, and length and number of CM were calculated. Mixed model analysis was used to adjust for more than one sample/CM per animal. A paired t‐test was used to compare the number of CM between the two groups. Results: Compared to the automated insertion, manually inserted miniscrews had significantly lower complete BMC (7.54 ± 1.80 mm2 vs. 11.99 ± 3.64 mm2), cortical BMC (5.91 ± 1.48 mm2 vs. 8.48 ± 1.90 mm2) and cortical BMC proportion (79.44 ± 5.84% vs. 87.94 ± 3.66%). However, it was not statistically significant in complete BMC proportion (p =.052). The automated insertion also resulted in a significantly lower mean number of CM than the manual method (p =.012). However, the length of the cracks was shorter in the manual group but with no significant difference (p = 0.256). Conclusion: Motor‐driven OM insertion results in superior BMC and reduction in the number of CM, which may lead to better miniscrew stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the research in the field of medicinal plants as therapeutic supplements has increased significantly. Lavender extract is widely used among medicinal plant products due to its unique therapeutic properties. Since drying processes require high energy, this study was conducted to study the performance of the spray dryer in the production of lavender extract powder at three levels of air temperature 150°C, 180°C, and 210°C, three levels of compressed air flow rate 6, 8, and 10 L/min and ratios of maltodextrin‐drying aid to the mass of dry matter of the extract 0%, 25%, and 50% by response surface method. For this purpose, the energy efficiency and exergy of the powder production process were examined. According to the obtained results, increasing the inlet air temperature and the inlet air flow rate increased the energy efficiency and exergy and decreased the energy efficiency and exergy, respectively. The energy efficiency of the drying process varied in the range of 6.55%–15.87%, and the exergy efficiency (ηex) of the drying process in the range of 2.87%–5.84%. Also, the ηex of the spray dryer was calculated in the range of 20.05%–38.78%. Based on the energy efficiency and exergy, the optimal production of lavender plant extract powder was obtained at the air temperature of 210°C, the compressed air flow rate of 6 L/min, and the amount of drying aid of 11.9 g/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermosyphon heat exchanger contributes significantly to the improvement of energy conservation technology and has been used in multiple applications, raising the possibility of further studies to contribute to increasing the efficiency of heat pipes. This experimental study examines the different filling ratios of pure Acetone liquid inside a WHPHE integrated with the double‐effect of evaporative cooling to improve the energy‐saving technology. This work studies changing the filling ratio of pure acetone working fluid to investigate the effect of the filling ratio on heat exchanger performance in waste energy recovery technology. The heat exchanger was used with four rows and five tubes per row arranged in a staggered manner. The filling ratio of acetone inside the heat pipe was changed from 50% to 100%. The effect of the mass flow rate of air flowing in direct evaporative cooling on energy conservation technology was studied while the mass flow rate of air through indirect cooling remains constant in addition to the effect of ambient temperature. The results showed that the best filling percentage was between 80% at different temperatures, and the highest energy recovery percentage was when it was at the filling percentage of 80% in the presence of evaporative cooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, six benzothioxanthene‐based oxime esters were employed as photoinitiators for photopolymerization under visible light (LED) and sunlight. Their abilities to behave as Type I photoinitiators by mean of a photocleavage mechanism of oxime esters but also in multicomponent photoinitiating systems with an iodonium salt (through an electron transfer mechanism) were both explored with the different structures. Due to their broad absorption spectra tailing up 600 nm, photoinitiating properties of the benzothioxanthene‐based oxime esters were systematically tested under excitation with low‐intensity LED light at wavelengths of 405 nm and 450 nm. Additionally, parallel to the polymerization tests done under artificial light, the different benzothioxanthene‐based oxime esters were also investigated as solar photoinitiators and displayed a high reactivity in France (Western Europe) even in winter conditions. For the best candidates i.e. the most reactive structures, direct laser write experiments were carried out, evidencing the interest of these structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel architecture to enhance the performance of grid‐connected photovoltaic (PV) systems through the introduction of several key novelties. Firstly, a packed U‐cell seven‐level (PUC7)‐based single‐phase solar active filter is implemented, offering a comprehensive solution for harmonics mitigation, reactive power compensation, and efficient power extraction from the PV source, while facilitating the injection of real power into the grid. Secondly, the p‐q power injection algorithm is modified to accommodate the extraction of solar power from the PV generator to the grid, simultaneously addressing the need for harmonic current injection to improve power quality. This modification ensures dynamic performance by extracting reference current with harmonic content and solar power information, thereby enhancing the system's overall efficiency. Lastly, the proposed architecture undergoes real outdoor testing, validating its performance in various key aspects including maximum power tracking, reduction of total harmonic distortion in comparison with previous work, operation at unity power factor, and testing the effective operation of the multifunction feature. These contributions collectively demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in enhancing power injection quality and reactive power compensation under real outdoor conditions of PV systems connected to the grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new method using fluorescence was developed to detect Hg2+ ions in water. This method relied on the reaction between NH2‐MIL‐53(Al) and 5‐bromo‐2‐hydroxyacetophenone. The method was carefully fine‐tuned for optimal reaction conditions and analytical parameters like pH levels, nanosensor quantity, and detection limits. It showed great linearity in detecting Hg2+ ions in the range of 0.0–3.0 ppm (0.0–1.50 × 10−5 M), with a very low detection limit of 1.65 × 10−2 ppm (8.23 × 10−8 M). We tested how well the method can distinguish between different substances by investigating whether other common substances in water samples would interfere. The results were positive, as the presence of these substances did not significantly affect the accuracy of detecting Hg2+ ions, confirming the method's reliability. In order to confirm its dependability, we conducted a quantitative test to detect Hg2+ ions in water samples. The recovery rates obtained ranged from 97.16% to 103.2%, demonstrating the method's precision and accuracy. A comparison with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES), a well‐known method for analyzing trace metals, produced similar results, further instilling confidence in the 5Br2HA = N‐Al‐MOF nanosensor that was developed. In general, this research emphasizes the exciting potential of the new nanosensor in detecting Hg2+ ions in various water and cosmetic samples. It provides a strong and dependable alternative to traditional detection methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Ear Outcome Survey‐16 (EOS‐16) has been validated according to the health‐related quality of life (HRQol) survey guidelines. It has important compatible aspects in evaluating patients with chronic otitis media (COM) suitable for consultation. This study aimed to develop and standardize the Arabic version of the EOS‐16 to be used by clinicians in the Arab world while maintaining the conceptual equivalence. Methods: A prospective cross‐sectional study was conducted in Damascus between July 2023 and November 2023 to develop an Arabic version of the EOS‐16. The translation was produced according to the cross‐cultural adaptation guidelines. Both experts' and participants' opinions as regards face validity were obtained in this study. Internal consistency was evaluated by the Cronbach alpha coefficient. Test–retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation. Results: A total of 81 patients enrolled in the study, with an average age of 34.75 years and a standard deviation of 11.84 years with a sex ratio of 0.62 for females. All had inactive mucosal COM (dry perforation). The overall score of the EOS‐16 survey was 31.72 with a standard deviation of 13.42 suggesting bothering and influencing symptoms in COM patient's daily life. Excellent internal consistency was noted (Cronbach α =.89). Robust correlation was found between test–retest overall scores (r =.90). Reallocation of the items of the EOS‐16 improved the internal consistency of the subdivisions in COM patients. Conclusion: The Arabic version of the EOS‐16 is a simple, clear, reliable, reproducible, and valid HRQoL survey. It is a useful and important instrument that helps physicians in making decisions regarding the patient's treatment and follow‐up. This study aimed to develop and standardize the Arabic version of the Eare Outcome Survey‐16 to be in use by the clinician in the Arab world while maintaining the conceptual equivalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat stress (HS) disrupts testicular homeostasis because of oxidative stress. N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) is a thiol compound with antioxidants, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic properties. As a sequel, this research aimed to assess the ameliorative effects of NAC supplementation on the reproductive performance of goat bucks kept under environmental HS. Primarily, Doppler examination as well as semen collection and evaluation were conducted on 12 mature bucks for 2 weeks (W) as pre‐heat stress control (W1 and W2) during winter (February 2023). The temperature–humidity index (THI) was 63.4–64.3 (winter season). Then during summer HS conditions (from the beginning of July till the end of August 2023) bucks were assessed before NAC supplementation (W0), afterwards they were arbitrarily assigned into two groups. The control group (CON; n = 6) received the basal diet while the NAC group (n = 6) received the basal diet in addition to oral NAC daily for 7 weeks (W1–W7). The THI was 78.1–81.6 (summer season). Testicular blood flow parameters, serum concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and testosterone were measured. Additionally, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in seminal plasma and semen quality parameters were evaluated. There were marked reductions (p < 0.05) in the resistive index (RI; W1, W4 and W5), pulsatility index (PI; W2 and W4–W7), and systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D; W4–W7) in the NAC group compared to the CON group. Furthermore, testosterone and NO levels were higher (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) in the NAC group (W2, W3, W5 and W3–W5, respectively). Seminal plasma TAC increased (p < 0.05) and MDA decreased (p < 0.05) in the NAC group (W2, W4 and W5) compared to the CON group. Moreover, there were marked improvements (p < 0.05) in semen quality parameters (mass motility, total motility, viability and normal morphology) in the NAC group. In conclusion, oral NAC supplementation could be used to enhance the reproductive performance of goat bucks during HS conditions which is supported by remarkable enhancement in testicular haemodynamics, NO, testosterone levels and semen quality parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a planar printed circuit board (PCB) coil with FR4 substrate was designed and simulated using the finite element method, and the results were analyzed in the frequency domain. This coil can be used in wireless power transfer (WPT) as a transmitter or receiver, eliminating wires. It can also be used as the receiver in radio frequency energy‐harvesting (RF‐EH) systems by optimizing the planar PCB coil to convert radio‐wave energy into electricity, and it can be employed as an excitation (transmitter) or receiver coil in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This PCB coil can replace the conventional coil, yielding a reduced occupied volume, a fine‐tuned design, reduced weight, and increased efficiency. Based on the calculated gain, power, and electromagnetic and electric field results, this planar PCB coil can be implemented in WPT, NMR spectroscopy, and RF‐EH devices with minor changes. In applications such as NMR spectroscopy, it can be used as a transceiver planar PCB coil. In this design, at frequencies of 915 MHz and 40 MHz with 5 mm between coils, we received powers of 287.3 μW and 480 μW, respectively, which are suitable for an NMR coil or RF‐EH system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Immunotherapy is considered first line in patients with dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent studies have also shown promising results with neoadjuvant immunotherapy in locally advanced CRC. We report a case in which neoadjuvant immunotherapy with pembrolizumab resulted in complete pathologic response at time of resection as well as saved the patient the morbidity associated with a hepatectomy. We also completed a scoping review of the literature which suggests promising tumor responses with treatment in dMMR CRC. Further randomized control trials to determine the magnitude of response and optimal regimen are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a study on sunflower seed allergy, specifically focusing on the allergenicity of seed-storage 2S-albumins found in sunflower seeds. The study found that patients allergic to sunflower seeds were also sensitized to certain proteins, which were found to be more potent in triggering allergic reactions. The study suggests that IgE sensitization to these proteins may be a marker of clinical severity in sunflower seed allergy. Further research is needed to evaluate the allergenicity of other proteins in sunflower seeds. The study was supported by SOFIPROTEOL as part of the FASO PRODIAL project, and the authors declare no conflicts of interest. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Systematic reviews and meta‐analyses are instrumental in shaping clinical practice. However, their findings can sometimes be marred by discrepancies and potential biases, thereby diluting the strength of the evidence presented. Umbrella reviews serve to comprehensively assess and synthesise these reviews, offering a clearer insight into the quality of the evidence presented. In the context of the relationship between sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and assisted conception outcomes, there is a divergence in the literature. Some reviews suggest a clear cause‐and‐effect linkage, whereas others present conflicting or inconclusive results. Objectives: In this umbrella review we aimed to synthesise the evidence collated in systematic reviews and meta‐analyses summarising the association of SDF with assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. Search strategy: After preregistration (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6JHDP), we performed a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase databases. We conducted a search for systematic reviews on the association between SDF and ART without any restrictions on language or publication date. Selection criteria: Systematic reviews and meta‐analyses assessing the association between SDF and ART outcomes were eligible. Data collection and analysis: We assessed the quality of the included reviews using AMSTAR 2 and ROBIS, and determined the degree of overlap of primary studies between reviews estimating the corrected covered area (CCA), adjusted for structural missingness. We evaluated the most recent reviews assessing the association of SDF with live birth, pregnancy, miscarriage, implantation, blastulation and fertilisation. The synthesis of evidence was harmonised across all included quantitative syntheses, re‐estimating the odds ratio (eOR) in random‐effects meta‐analyses with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and 95% prediction intervals (95% PIs). We categorised the evidence strength into convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak or nonsignificant, according to the meta‐analysis re‐estimated P‐value, total sample size, I2 statistic for heterogeneity, small study effect, excess significance bias and the largest study significance. Main results: We initially captured and screened 49 332 records. After excluding duplicate and ineligible articles, 22 systematic reviews, 15 of which were meta‐analyses, were selected. The 22 reviews showed a moderate degree of overlap (adjusted CCA 9.2%) in their included studies (overall n = 428, with 180 unique studies). The 15 meta‐analyses exhibited a high degree of overlap (adjusted CCA = 13.6%) in their included studies (overall n = 274, with 118 unique studies). AMSTAR 2 categorised the quality of evidence in 18 reviews as critically low and the quality of evidence in four reviews as low. ROBIS categorised all the reviews as having a high risk of bias. The re‐estimated results showed that the association of SDF with live birth was weak in one and nonsignificant in four meta‐analyses. Similarly, the association of SDF with pregnancy, miscarriage, implantation, blastulation and fertilisation was also weak or nonsignificant. The association of high SDF with different ART outcomes was also weak or nonsignificant for different interventions (IVF, ICSI and IUI) and tests. Conclusions: This umbrella review did not find convincing or suggestive evidence linking SDF with ART outcomes. Caution should be exercised in making any claims, policies or recommendations concerning SDF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic triggered an increased need in a method of delivering healthcare that simultaneously do not put patients at an increased risk of transmission. A remote consultation service (Telemed) for patients referred for dentoalveolar procedures was trialled. Objective: To investigate the outcome of the Telemeds and if treatment booked as a result of the Telemeds was successful, and could be made common practice. Materials and Methods: Data was collected from Telemeds between 04 August 2020 and 30 November 2020. Data collected included whether treatment was booked as a result of the Telemed, if the treatment was successfully completed at the resulting appointment (one‐stop treatment), if an additional face‐to‐face (F2F) consultation was required and any related reasons as to why this was the case. Results: After 499 Telemeds, 46.3% (N = 231) of patients required a F2F appointment being booked, 43.0% (N = 215) resulted in treatment being booked, 6.6% (N = 33) were discharged and 4% (N = 20) of patients did not answer when contact was attempted. Of the 215 patients who had a Telemed that led to booking of treatment, 110 had attended their follow up appointment and 95.4% (N = 105) successfully had their treatment carried out in one visit. Conclusion: Remote consultations are a feasible, successful and useful tool in assessing and booking dentoalveolar cases suitable for one‐stop treatment under local anaesthesia, as long as there is a specific and organized triage process, regardless of the number of teeth to be extracted or the patient's medical history. Patients requiring general anaesthesia, sedation or further radiographic imaging did not benefit from Telemeds as they needed to attend F2F anyway for pre‐operative assessment or to have their further imaging taken in the department. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]