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The article discusses the cacti species' cold resistance and its geographical distribution. According to the study conducted by the Department of Botany at the University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona, the geographical distribution of cacti, which are entirely adapted to a dry climate, is mainly dependent on the cold resistance of the species. It also says that not only cold resistance manifest itself for the new species occurring in the northern latitudes of the U.S. and Canada, but it determines the distribution of cacti at the higher altitudes proximity to the southern deserts where they are abundant. Furthermore, various species of cacti are also presented.

The article presents a study which examines the effect of radio-based Science education to students in New York and Canada from the teachers point of view. Science lessons have been broadcast in the Rochester School of the Air, over radio station WHAM, in Rochester New York. After asking several teachers, the researchers found out that the radio-based education developed pupil participation and science activities. Radio lessons increased interest in science, providing suggestions for experimental and observational work. Further, radio based-science education increased the grades of the students. Teachers also have benefited because radio-based education been aid in their instruction.

A previous statistical study has shown that in Prince Edward Island the size of the family has remained unusually stable for two generations. Field study of rural life on the Island revealed features which have helped to maintain relatively high fertility. The rural neighborhood corresponds to the school district. While its primary function is educational, it defines a group of people who recognize mutual obligations. Within the neighborhood, a unified school system and the absence of marked inequalities of wealth have encouraged tolerant and egalitarian attitudes. The organizational basis of the neighborhood gives social prestige and leadership to successful parents of large families, and it appears to function most successfully where there are many children in the group. Geographical and psychological isolation from the mainland has helped till recently to preserve Island ways of life from disintegrating contacts. The pattern of life described already shows signs of disintegration and is unlikely to endure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the idea of the U.S. to have free trade with Canada. Americans must realize that they are no longer dealing with a small and insignificant Dominion, but Canada that has emerged from nationhood into a position generally recognized as that of a world power. Canada has certainly achieved enough since 1939, and given the U.S. such outstanding aid, as to be able to demand the fullest equality of consideration. The Dominion has not even accepted lend lease aid from the U.S., but has paid the U.S. for all war materials or manufactured articles imported from the United States for the use of its military or naval forces, while raw materials bought from the U.S. by Canada for use in making armaments for England were debited to England under lend-lease. In these war relationships Canada's aim has been the mutual benefit of both countries without any selfish purpose or any objective that it was not willing to share with the U.S. or any other country. If the Dominion is now met with similar evidences of American good-will and the desire to make the U.S.'s postwar relations as close as those between the individual American States, and not in a horse-trading spirit, not only will the two countries profit, but the whole world.

The article presents a study on one administrative factor which was believed to have effect upon the survival and "success" of life insurance agents. It states that the study is also made to relate the impact of the factor to the selection procedure. It mentions that data were gathered on 1,430 agents during the year 1946 at 20 life insurance companies in Canada and the U.S. Results show that the success and survival of insurance agents is associated with selection test scores. It adds that the association of test scores with success is different with financing and need groups.

The article presents a study on the botanical conditions of the Morgan Aboretum in southern Quebec Province. One quadrat for each of the three woodland areas were established, where different plant species were measured and listed. Observations showed that in the Fagetum consociation, an area hardly disturbed and locally developed on dry podsolic terrain, the Fagus grandifolia was dominant. The Aceretum sacchari quadrat was generally mixed but unstable and was dominated by sugar maples. The Pinetum strobi-Tsugosum quadrat, a mature woodland located on a raised sandy terrain, was dominated by the Pinus strobus and Tsuga canadensis.

The article focuses on the use of deferred depreciation as an anti-inflationary measure in Canada. It is reported that on April 10, 1951, Canada's Minister of Finance, the Honorable Douglas Abbott, announced a plan referred to as deferred depreciation, which is designed to discourage less essential forms of capital expenditure. The article explains the Canadian system of capital cost allowances for tax purposes. Another device used by the Canadian government to stimulate capital expenditures is tax concessions.

The article discusses insights regarding the experience of the United States and Canada with general sales taxation. It is explained that general sales taxation in the United States was a result of the depression of the 1930s and that Canadian provinces, under similar pressure, began entering the sales tax field in 1936. The author explores lessons to be learned regarding such topics as revenue yield, sales tax administration in both the U.S. and Canada, and the shifting of the burden of the sales tax.

This article discusses the role of fiscal policy in Canada. The article explains that when assessing the role of economic policy, the specific measures selected must be tailored to the country's economic organization, and, in particular, to its monetary and fiscal institutions. It is suggested that the Canadian economy illustrates some of the problems facing "open economies." In Canada policy-makers are forced to consider as alternatives the aim of full employment or relatively free international trade.

The article discusses some of the financial aspects of the government housing program of Canada. Economic indicators clearly shows that the Canadian economy has experienced a high rate of growth, except the housing market. The Dominion Housing Act of 1935 was a legislative attempt to stimulate employment in the residential building industry. The act authorized the government to work with mortgage banks to issue loans. These loans are generally joint loans, which allow the applicant greater borrowing power.

The article focuses on the Annual Meeting of the National Microfilm Association held at the Hotel Carter, Cleveland on April 1 and 2, 1954. Delegates from every part of the country, from Canada and a visitor from Pakistan attended the two day meeting to participate in a general and technical program which explored the current status and latest advances of techniques of micro-documentary reproduction under the leadership of nationally known authorities. The program featured important papers on general and technical subjects.

The article presents a study on the resistance and susceptibility of tomatoes to the leaf mould fungus Cladosporium fulvum (C. fulvum). It was found that resistance to C. fulvum is well known, and a number of resistant varieties of tomato are grown in glasshouse culture. The study showed a general similarity in the progress of physiologic specialization of the leaf mould fungus in Canada and in Great Britain. In Canada, where autumn tomato crops are exposed to heavy infection, resistance is of greater consequence. The increasing use of hybrid tomato varieties may enable the acceleration of the recombination of desired resistance genes into new varieties.

The concept of familism suggested certain questions to be asked about 160 Saskatchewan farm families, in which the mothers were interviewed in 1953. The goal was to detect possible changes in the familistic pattern which had been assumed to be more characteristic of pioneer days. Rough measures were developed for six aspects. No consistent pattern of interrelationship was revealed among the measured aspects. Grain-farm families ranked high on integration. The relatively prosperous families were the ones most interested in continuity on the land. The younger families displayed division of labor that was most sex- and age-related. These are examples of tentative conclusions. The question is raised, whether a situation is emerging which is actually more favorable to certain of the familistic aspects than was the pioneer culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a reference guide for Western Hemisphere. Names of publishers of books and the addresses of periodicals are provided to aid readers. Listings include only basic material, not news items or reports of transitory significance. "The Canadian and American Companies Developing Canada's Enormous Ore Resources," by John Lind, is a study of U.S. and Canadian iron resources and the exploitation of them. "Canada in World Affairs: From UN to NATO, 1946-1949," is the fifth volume in a series concerning Canada's participation in world affairs. "Power in New Brunswick," by W.A. Dixon, is a description of new power developments. "Canada's Economic Development, 1867-1953," by O.J. Firestone, is a history and analysis of Canada's economy. "Canada's Economic Prospects," by Simon Kuznets, is a review of the Final Report of the Royal Commission on Canada's Economic Prospects. In 1958 Economic Survey of Europe," included are studies of the relationship between economic expansion and balances of payments in Western European countries and consumption trends and structures in Europe.

The article presents a discussion on the effects of Oriental immigration on the ideology and practices of the organized labor movement in Canada from the Eighteen Eighties, when the Trades and Labor Congress (TLC) of Canada was founded, until the close of the Second World War. In order to obtain an adequate historical perspective, the data were reviewed in the context of four of the major periods of Canadian social and economic development: industrial capitalism and the rise of the city with the concomitant birth of nation-wide unionism (1880-1899); the development of western Canada and the tidal wave of immigration (1900-1914); from the First World War to the depression (1914-1929); from the depression to the close of the Second World War (1930-1946). During this first period there was incorporated into the Platform of Principles of the TLC a ninth and new principle which read "Exclusion of all Chinese from Canada." This policy led the TLC into conflict with the Federal Government and with a large section of the employer class. Organized labor claimed that, in this principle, it was supporting the best interests of the country as a whole.

The article questions that is the United States being priced out of the world market. Since much public discussion has been carried on without objective analysis, some pertinent facts are presented. The index of export prices for the United States rose from 100 in the base year 1953 to 106 in 1959. All other countries except Great Britain and Canada experienced a steady growth with particularly sharp rises in 1959. Japan with a 1959 index of 280, Germany with 198 and Italy with 182 was especially outstanding. Assuming that exports have decreased because the prices in the U.S. have risen relative to foreign prices, the causes can be many. Between 1953 and June 1959 the index of U.S. wage rates rose from 100 to 127 while indices of all other major countries showed equal or greater rises. With various forms of government intervention such as subsidies, tariffs and quotas, materials are becoming more costly. High prices may also result from large overhead or insistence on high return on capital.

The article presents an overview of Canadian organized securities exchanges, which are different and independent of regional exchanges in the U.S., and are organized around the economic and legal Canadian systems. The authors examine and evaluate the exchange markets for Canadian securities, focusing on how they differ from the U.S. system and how they serve and protect investors. The article addresses the structure of the Canadian exchange, exchange performance, interlistings with U.S. exchange, and investor protection.

The article discusses the grassland classification in the northern great plains of Canada. It highlights one climax community of Fescue prairie and five climax and edaphic climax communities of mixed prairie that are characterized by studies in ninety six undisturbed sites over an 18 year period. It states that the classification represents modifications that were proposed in the previous decade on the basis of response of communities to more favourable growing conditions from 1950 to 1956. Moreover, the relative dominance of species like Festuca scrabella, mixed prairie, and Stipa agropyron are judged on calculated foliage yield.

The article focuses on the life insurance company lending to small business in the United States. It is explained that the investment operations of the United States life insurance industry spread over a wide geographic area, covering the United States, Canada, and, to a small extent, certain other foreign countries. The article discusses how life insurance companies are major lenders to several major markets, including the residential mortgage market, the farm mortgage market, the commercial and industrial mortgage market, and the corporate bond market.

The article focuses on government policies and laws related to business enterprises in Canada. The Canadian government must try to avoid policies that will antagonize large blocks of voters, or that will lose them the support of substantial business interests. Where there is a conflict between these two objectives, the policy decisions that emerge represent a compromise. The Combines Investigation Act furnishes an excellent example of such compromise. In achieving the required compromise, governments have been greatly helped by what may be called the "cops and robbers" concept. According to this view, monopolistic practices represent the exceptional activity of a small minority of businessmen and are shunned by the law-abiding majority. To discover them, a small staff of investigators is required. This concept is of course at variance with reality since monopolistic practices are the normal activities of businessmen seeking profit in an environment in which the number of competitors is limited.

The upper Cretaceous Belly River Formation of the southern Foothills of Alberta is a unit 2,000–2,500 ft. thick composed mainly of mudstone interbedded with lenticular, fine- to medium-grained sandstones in units 5–100 ft. thick. Thin intraformational mudstone-pebble conglomerates, nodular limestones, coal seams, bentonites, magnetite-sandstone, and pelecypod beds make up the remaining, minor part of the lithology. The sandstones are composed of about one-half quartz (and quartzite), one-third rock fragments (including chert), and one-fifth feldspars. They are mostly lithic sandstones in the cIassification scheme adopted. The quartz rock fragments and feldspars are separable into compositional and genetic groups. Variatal minerals are carbonates, chlorites, red and brown biotide, and two types of glauconite. The principal accessory minerals are allanite, apatite, collophane, almandine garnet, tourmaline, and zircon. Albitization of intermediate plagioclase suggest the grade of diagenetic aIteration has neared the laumontite-albite stage. Quantitative clay analysis of nine mudstones, shales and bentonites shows illite and montmorillionite to be the dominant minerals (with considerable mixed layering). Illite is detrital, montmorillonite and mixed-layer clays are diagenetic.

The article measures the impact of an international boundary on the spatial pattern of television channel selection in a region where channels originating from both Canada and the United States are mutually receivable. It presents the findings of an exploratory study carried out in several communities on both sides of the United States-Canadian boundary, specifically between Washington and British Columbia. Television has become one of the most important and ubiquitous elements of cultural diffusion in society. The geographical spread of its availability has brought an overwhelming majority of the population within the range of its influence in North America. Although there are varying opinions as to the degree and the nature of the sociological impact of television, there is undisputed agreement that television has become a major culture element with a strong potential for the development of consensus, conformity and standardized values. Television, however, does not achieve equal spatial impact.

The article presents information on a series of papers on Canadian executives published in the journal "Executives." The first article, published in the March, 1963 issue of the journal, deals with leading young executives. For the most part it is an analysis of a small number of young men who have already made their mark in Canadian business. The other two articles, published in the April and May, 1963 issue of the journal, present the results of a questionnaire sent to 2,000 subscribers to "Executive" of whom 30% replied. As 80% of the replies were from men over 40, this part is labeled "the senior executive." It is not in fact comparable to the article on the young men. The information obtained is typical of what magazines seek to demonstrate the character of their readership to advertisers, income, life insurance, products owned, investments, frequency of travel, influence on company purchasing decisions and the like.

Nineteen shales from the continental Belly River Formation and sixteen shales from the marine Wapiabi Formation were studied by X-ray diffraction and fluorescence methods. The diffraction data indicate that dolomite and lilite are present in significant amounts only in the Wapiabi. Feldspar and 12 Å and 14 Å clays are more abundant in the continental shales. The marine shales are enriched in K, Ca, Rb and Zr. The continental shales are higher than marine shales in Sr and Mn. The Rb/K is higher in the marine shales, the Sr/Ca is lower than in the continental shales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines individual investors in Canada and seeks to show that such persons are better at making investment decisions than is usually thought and to use the theory of the firm for the analysis. Data is derived exclusively from income tax returns and only looks at investments which have produced taxable income. For individual investors, the household budget provides the money to be invested and is therefore examined and compared with business practices. It is also noted that consumer debt rose considerably between 1951 and 1961. Particular interest is paid to lower income people, many of which are retirees.

Ethnographic research reveals that a persisting 20 per cent of live births on a Canadian Indian Reserve are illegitimate. The history and contemporary patterns of illegitimacy in this community are described. The author attempts to account for fluctuations in the number of illegitimate births by relating them to variations in the degree of social and cultural integration of the community. His conclusions are that structural factors are responsible for the high incidence of illegitimacy and that changing socio-economic conditions which affect community integration (ad thus individual commitment to the norm of legitimacy) may elevate or depress this incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents information on books and articles related to public relations. Canada's policies toward foreign capital and the proposed U.S. equalization tax are discussed in the book "Foreign Ownership: Is Canadian Concern Sense or Sentiment?" by George Cretzianu. Canada is urged to stick to its old policy of welcoming foreign capital. A report on a poll taken in Glenelg, South Australia, is presented in the book "Winning a Local Option Poll," on the building of new hotels and on how the voters were encouraged both to vote and to vote "Yes" by a public relations program. Other books are: "The Dynamics of Nationalism," "The Human Dimension in International Relations," "Bridges of Human Understanding," etc.

The article presents information related to the Directory of Special Libraries and Information Centers which includes 10,000 addresses in the U.S. and Canada.

The article presents information on several practices in inventory analysis and evaluation. The author focuses on international differences in the valuing of inventories without the consideration of historical cost values. Cost or market rule, replacement cost, price-level index adjustments and arbitrary percentage reductions are examined. It is noted that the cost or market rule for inventory valuation is likely the most universally used accounting practice. Replacement cost is a common practice among accountants in the United States, used in Canada and European countries primarily to test values in cost or market comparisons. The author discusses the need for an international perspective for accounting.

The article discusses the practice of using auctions to sell long-term government securities in the U.S. and Canada and looks at the benefits and pitfalls of this method. In 1962 the U.S. Treasury tested the auction technique that would identify an underwriting syndicate that bid the most for the securities. In 1960 Canada also used the same auction method and at a time when bond prices were increasing but yields were decreasing.

Presents an ecological study of the snail hosts for the agent of schistosome dermatitis in Cultus Lake, British Columbia. Description on the ecology of the vector host snails; Measures for the control of schistosome dermatitis.

This article presents abstracts of papers presented at the 1964 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology in Montreal, Canada, on December 28-30, 1964. The paper entitled Father-Daughter Incest: Treatment of the Family, reports on the treatment of twenty families with the problem of father-daughter incest where the father did not serve a prison sentence but was placed on probation. The paper entitled Evaluation of Records in Delinquency Research, focuses on the Southern California Records Matching Project which deals with the manner in which the records of delinquency adjudicating agencies at the local level maybe linked with Federal Census Records in order to maximize the efficiency of data collection and analysis. The paper entitled Juvenile Court Judge's Institute, summarized attacks on the Juvenile Court from any quarters, the weaknesses that inspire these attacks, and the crucial role that the Juvenile Court has to play in spearheading the introduction of personalized justice in the administration of the criminal law. The paper entitled A Spectrum of Sexual Problems Found in an Out-Patient Setting, focuses on the Forensic Clinic which was established in 1956. It is an out-patient division of the Toronto Psychiatric Hospital operated by the Ontario Department of Health under provincial statute.

The article presents a paper presenting an overview of the quarterly national accounts in Canada compiled as of March 1965. A critical appraisal of a country's national accounts could easily entail examination of the whole structure of economic statistics, because the quality of the estimates in the accounts are to a large extent determined by the quality of the underlying data on which they are based. The first aspect of presenting this paper deals mainly with the quarterly accounts as a system of organizing current data--the arranging of available economic statistics into a balancing set of income and expenditure accounts employing conventions that have become generally acceptable during the last twenty years. The discussion on reliability is cast in general terms and is designed to place the question in perspective--in relation to the main uses the accounts are expected to serve and the character of the underlying raw material on which the end-products included in the accounts are necessarily structured.

The major findings of an analysis of the foreign policy opinions of the leaders and general public of Canada are briefly summarized. Correlates and causes of attitudes about coexistence, the United Nations, foreign aid and the arms race are indicated. The results are presented so as to show similarities and differences among the groups in the study; some attention is given to the practical implications of the findings. Finally, a plea is made for comparative studies of attitudes about issues related to peace and war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights the Early Experiential Deprivation and Enrichment and Later Development symposium in Montreal, Quebec. Proponents of developmentalism in psychology; Styles of verbal interaction between mother and child; Identification of basic sensory and perceptual mechanisms.

The article discusses the historical origin of the Canadian public education system. Section 93 of the British North America Act states that there are ten distinct education systems with additional activity on the part of the federal government. Canada is publicly-supported, provincially-controlled system of education. Public school education is free to all up to the end of the secondary level. Religion-oriented curricula has been substituted by a wide variety of academic cultural and vocational subjects. High school attendance has become the rule rather than the exception. Universities give their instruction in French, some in English, or both languages, and their types of institutions range from classical, arts, theological and other colleges to complex universities.

A lack of measures of adoptions, poor techniques of measurement, and confusion as to the meaning of an adoption rate have led to conclusions which cannot be supported by the data on which they are based. The nature of these findings has led to an increased volume of research which will be fruitful only if better techniques of measurement are employed. A number of measures are suggested to deal with a variety of problems, using both individuals and groups as units of analysis. Preliminary data from a Canadian study are presented for illustrative purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports findings from a study which attempted to examine the influence of ethnic and occupational background on the aspirations of students who were enrolled in a desegregated Canadian high school. In the school studied, the Indian children constituted approximately- seven per cent of the student body, and they were the only visible minority group. Since the majority of students attending the school came from white middle class backgrounds, which presumably emphasized high standards of achievement and success, it was hypothesized that the Indian children would acquire a set of white middle class values which reflected high aspirations and that they would exhibit a high degree of participation in school organizations. This hypothesis is based on previous research findings which indicated that the nonnative climate of a school can influence the values and behavior - of students. The most important influence on aspirations appeared to be father's occupation. When this was taken into account, differences in aspiration level between the Indian and non Indian children tend to disappear pear. Thus, the Indian and non Indian children of manual workers are equally motivated to escape the limiting influence of father's occupation and equally discouraged from doing so. That differences by ethnic background were so small despite segregation of the minority is surprising.

This article presents an empirical model of wage and price level determination for Canada. In order to investigate the short-term lag structure of the inflationary process the empirical model employed here is on a quarterly basis. The statistical data cover 64 observations from 1947 to 1962. The other main characteristic of the model is that it takes account of the simultaneity in the determination of wage and price levels. The consideration of only one half of a simultaneous relationship creates well-known statistical problems in the estimation procedure. But aside from questions of statistical theory, a one-sided view of an interrelationship may lead to incorrect policy conclusions. For example, if a policy recommendation is to be made regarding the "trade-off" between wage change and unemployment on the basis of an estimated Phillips curve, one obviously has to know the extent of interdependence of the wage and price levels. The model is oriented towards general types of economic policy regarding the level of employment, the rate of inflation and wage restraint. It is thus not designed to give a verdict on a number of controversial issues concerning the significance of cost-push or demand-pull inflation, administering pricing, pattern bargaining, etc. In an attempt to assess the influence of labour unions on the adjustment of the labour market, the economy is, along broad industrial lines, divided into two sectors, the so-called organized sector in which the extent of unionization is significant, and the unorganized sector in which unions play only a minor role. From the point of view of general economic policy the validity of these various controversial arguments may not be important. If the policy maker is interested in general policies of stabilization and as such accepts the institutional set-up, the market structures, and the dynamic characteristics of the economy as data, the precise mix of underlying explanations matters little to him.

The article focuses on three meetings held in various parts of the world related to various aspects of sociology and criminology. First one was held from 27 August to 3 September 1965, Montreal, Quebec. It became the capital of international criminology. In it criminologists from all over the world met to take their bearings and to see what progress has been achieved in the scientific study of the causes of delinquency, methods of preventing criminal acts. Secondly, under the programmer for the development of comparative cross-cultural research of the International Social Science Cultural (ISSC), a conference following the ISSC General Assembly, was held in Paris, France from 22 to 24 April 1965. The conference considered five main themes: the cross-cultural method; comparative analysis of historical change; comparative analysis of processes of modernization; aggregate statistical comparisons of nations; comparative sample surveys. In general terms, the purpose of the conference was to discuss recent examples of comparative research on each of the above themes and to review alternative strategies for the further advancement of comparative research on a world scale. Lastly, representatives of the six European institutes taking part in the research for a comparative study of the various forms of aid to developing countries met in Vienna, Austria from 20 to 22 September 1963 to discuss the issue.

Reports on the discussion to be made regarding automation during the convention by the Canadian Nurses Association in Montreal, Quebec from July 3 to 9, 1966. Topics to be discussed; Study to be presented on automation during the event.

The relative abundances of species of crustose coral-line as derived from areal measurements of large collections taken from Nova Scotia to Labrador, are given as a function of depth and as a function of mean maximum temperature and depth. The relative effects of depth and temperature independently are indicated and in most cases the results are markedly similar to those found in earlier Gulf of Mane studies. the distributions of Pseudolithophyllum orbiculatum and Phymatolithon rugulosum apparently are not controlled by summer temperature in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depopulation, vast increases in farm size, and an expanded physical mobility for farm people portend fundamental changes for settlement patterns in rural regions. Evidence of trade center decline is becoming increasingly apparent. Public policy may be needed to ensure adequate adjustment in areas which could be disadvantaged as a result of the lack of trade centers. Such policy must have some way of distinguishing the prospects for growth or decline within a system of rural villages and towns. However, there is little theory about diagnosing growth prospects of trade centers. An examination of the literature reveals certain insights which can be formulated into hypotheses and tested, thus yielding a sound basis for an analytical design of trade center changes. Recent studies in Saskatchewan, Ontario, and Prince Edward Island have shown the existence of several regular relationships in the growth of a center, its retail service level, and its location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article highlights a conference on family life education to be held in Winnipeg, Manitoba on November 4 and 5, 1966, under the auspices of the Winnipeg Interprofessional Study Committee on Family Life Education.

The article examines the aspect of gender in process and reactive schizophrenics. Process schizophrenics reported that their mothers were domineering, rejecting and overprotective in contract to the reports of reactive parents. For the study, patients in the admission units of the Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital, Toronto was taken. The results reported in this experiment are based on 32 of the patients selected on the basis of "Elgin Prognostic Scale" scores and balanced with equal numbers of male and female in the process and reactive groups. The reactive schizophrenic group has "Elgin" scores ranging from 6-19. For the process group, it ranges from 26-42. Female examiners elicited significantly more rejections than did male examiners. No differences were found between process and reactive groups when examiners were male. Process patients formed highly generalized expectancies based solely on the sex of an individual, deriving from their family interactions. Reactive schizophrenics had varying experiences with both males and females as a function of their greater participation in social interactions.

The fact that adolescent residents of smaller communities have lower aspirations than adolescent residents of larger communities is well documented. A number of possible explanations have been suggested: (1) financial resources and needs, (2) educational opportunities, (3) the sociocultural context of community life, and (4) special consequences of farming. However, no previous researcher has attempted a direct empirical evaluation of the relative importance of these explanations. In this paper data from a survey of Canadian high school girls were used to evaluate the first three, since the fourth appears to apply only to boys. This analysis indicates that educational opportunity explains most of the relationship; and when both educational opportunity and community context are controlled, all relationship between community size and college aspiration disappears. Previous research allows tentative generalization of these findings to high school boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the topics discussed at the 33rd Biennial Conference of the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) in Montreal, Quebec. Introduction of the conference theme by A. Isobel MacLeod; Discussion on the effect of mechanization on hospitals and nursing by senior consultant G. B. Rosenfeld; Closing address delivered by president Katherine MacLaggan.

Describes the distribution of carbonate in the surface sediments in the Atlantic continental margin between Nova Scotia and Hudson Canyon. Low value of calcium carbonate in surface sediments; Low production of aquatic organisms; Low average water temperatures; Increase in the concentration of calcium carbonate seaward of the shelf.

The article presents an overview and analysis of the Canadian "Report of the Royal Commission on Taxation," evaluating the tax system of Canada in regards to welfare economics and neo-Keynesian fiscal theory. The objectives and recommendations of the report are reviewed, outlining the economic goals of horizontal and vertical equity, resource allocation optimality, employment maintenance, and inflation prevention. The author also mentions issues not addressed within the report and their possible implications on policy reform, such as imputed rental income, capital-cost allowances, and charitable contributions.