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The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory pottery provenance group developed standards and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) methods that are used at many archaeometry laboratories around the world. The background and development of ‘Standard Pottery’ and of methods for INAA are described. Early pottery provenance studies are described, and other research programmes, involving obsidian and magmatic mixing, the origin of the stone used for the Colossi of Memnon, and the ‘Plate of Brass’, are mentioned. Research work by the Laboratory included the discovery of the world-wide iridium anomaly and extensive subsequent research on what has come to be known as the ‘Asteroid Impact Theory’. Characteristics of the analytical programme for pottery provenance work, including overall aims, precision and accuracy, intercalibration, and irradiation and measurement protocols, are discussed. New research areas developed in the past 15 years, to broaden the usefulness of chemical compositional data for archaeological investigation, and examples of recent work, are described. This research, which makes use of high-precision X-ray fluorescence analysis in addition to INAA measurements on sample splits, includes distinguishing the products of different workshops located at the same production site, studies on the significance of the distribution of silver in archaeological pottery and the use of high-precision chemical compositional data as an aid for making chronological distinctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The CCD UBV(RI)KC photometry of the poorly studied open clusters Juchert 9 (Juc 9) and Berkeley 97 (Be 97), which are observed with the 0.84 m telescope at the San Pedro Mártir National Observatory, México has been analyzed. For the likely cluster members, we determined the reddenings, E(B‐V) = 0.82 ± 0.04 (Juc 9) and E(B‐V) = 0.87 ± 0.05 (Be 97), from the early type stars. Our distance moduli/distances for only (B − V) color are (V0‐MV,d[kpc]) = (13.40 ± 0.10, 4.8 ± 0.2 kpc) (Juc 9) and (12.40 ± 0.12, 3.0 ± 0.2 kpc) (Be 97), respectively. The Gaia DR2 distances are d = 4.5 ± 1.2 kpc (Juc 9) and d = 3.1 ± 0.7 kpc (Be 97) from the median parallaxes with σϖ/ϖ < 0.20, which are in good agreement with the photometric distances within the uncertainties. The solar abundance PARSEC isochrones give us the intermediate ages, 30 ± 10 Myr for Juc 9 and 100 ± 30 Myr for Be 97. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper evokes the writings of Jacques Rancière to propose a concept of politics for geographies of architecture that is attentive to the polemical conditions under which more equal ways of composing built environments emerge. Discussing Ed Roberts Campus, a building designed and operated by the disability community in Berkeley, California, it argues for a politics of architecture that does not entail conflicts over power or identity, but revolves around a testing of materials that alters the bodily circumstances built form offers for collective inhabitation. Such testing sets in motion an uncertain process where a building undergoes constant destabilisation by new claimants who verify and expand its equality. The paper then counterpoises this disruptive politics to institutional practices in order to investigate how its fragile after‐effects might be sustained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Berkeley is best known for his immaterialism and the texts that extol it—the Principles of Human Knowledge and Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous. He made his case by treatise, then by dialogue, and this tendency towards stylistic experimentation did not end there; this paper explores an early speculative fiction project that pursued his theological and philosophical agendas. Berkeley used satire to challenge his "freethinking" philosophical opponents in "The Pineal Gland" story published in The Guardian in 1713. Echoing the grand tours Berkeley undertook in subsequent years, Part 1 offers a "gland tour" of some literary motivations, influences and legacies of these essays. Berkeley pursues heroic themes from Homer and Alexander Pope, while lampooning the philosophies of both Descartes and the freethinkers. Armed with the device of a magic snuff that transports him to the pineal glands of his adversaries, Berkeley's protagonist uses it "to distinguish the real from the professed sentiments of all persons of eminence in court, city, town, and country". (Guardian, p. 187) Part 1 examines 'The Pineal Gland' in the context of Berkeley's broader philosophical legacy and the text's significant engagement with the literature of Homer and Pope, concluding that "The Pineal Gland" is an important but overlooked source in the history of early speculative fiction. Part 2 continues this analysis by exploring Berkeley's relationship with an expansive London literary circle, interrogating a line of influence beginning with the writing of Margaret Cavendish. In doing so, Part 2 also examines Berkeley's complex attitudes towards women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The Berkeley Earth surface temperature ( BETP) project provides gridded global temperature anomaly products using an automated geostatistical approach to adjust station data for systematic biases. Despite its widespread usage, the BETP data set has not been evaluated at the national-scale, especially in data-sparse high latitude environments. This study provides an evaluation of the BETP product across all of Canada using 333 climate stations made available from the homogenized Environment Canada station network (HTcan). Comparison between co-located monthly air temperature anomalies for the two data sets suggests small differences between the two products for mean surface (∼2 m) air temperature. However, the relatively minimal bias in mean temperature is a consequence of contrasting cold and warm biases in minimum and maximum air temperatures, respectively, that are larger but effectively even out when averaged together. The BETP product is shown to exhibit systematic underestimation of recent regional warming in northern Canada which when combined with an overestimation of warmth earlier in the record results in an observable reduction in warming rates for minimum and mean temperature anomalies since 1950. The temporal evolution and spatial pattern of the observed biases suggest that the BETP-automated adjustments to station data in northern Canada miss some inhomogeneities in the raw station data. These results highlight the need for enhanced data recovery and homogenization efforts in data-sparse high latitude regions and emphasize the importance of national-scale climate data sets for evaluating global gridded products. We also recommend caution when using the BETP minimum and maximum monthly air temperature products for long-term trend analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity and diet-related chronic disease are increasing problems worldwide. In response, many governments have enacted or are considering taxes on energy-dense foods. Perhaps the most commonly recommended policy is a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). This paper estimates the extent to which a tax on SSBs is passed through to consumers in the form of higher prices. We examine the first city-level tax on SSBs in the United States, which was enacted by the voters of Berkeley, California, in November 2014. We collected the prices of various brands and sizes of SSBs and other beverages before and after the implementation of the tax from a near-census of convenience stores and supermarkets in Berkeley, California. We also collected prices from stores in a control city: San Francisco, where a similar voter referendum failed despite majority support. Estimates from difference-in-differences models indicate that, across all brands and sizes of products examined, 43.1 percent (95 percent confidence interval: 27.7 to 58.4 percent) of the Berkeley tax was passed on to consumers. The estimates also are consistent with cross-border shopping. For each mile of distance between the store and the closest store selling untaxed SSBs, pass-through rose 33.3 percent for 2 L bottles and 25.8 percent for 12-packs of 12 ounce cans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article the author recalls his association with scientist Frank Harris. He informs that he was the first student to receive a doctor of philosophy (PhD) degree under the direction of Harris. He says that he was Harris' only student in the years 1956 to 1959 that they spent jointly at University of California, Berkeley, California where Harris was an assistant professor of Chemistry.

The article presents information on sociologist Rodney Stark. Rodney Stark arrived at the University of California in Berkeley and he had behind him a North Dakota childhood, a hitch in the Army, a degree in journalism and a short career as a reporter with two different major newspapers. His writing ever since has been enriched by a journalist's flair for the colorful. His additional aptitude for astute sociological reasoning was quickly recognized by sociologist Charles Glock, who in 1961 recruited him from a graduate methodology course to a research position at the Survey Research Center, of which Glock was then Director. Thus was born the memorable team of Glock and Stark. Stark's work primarily in religious studies, his important contributions in deviance and crime are perhaps not as well known as they should be. Some of this work, particularly that on police and violence. Yet his article with Travis Hirschi, "Hellfire and Delinquency" continues to be one of the most frequently cited pieces in the delinquency literature. Moreover, his interest in crime and deviant behavior has generally been linked with the "consequential" dimension of religiosity. This is especially true in his most recent work on moral integration and moral community, in which the relation between deviance and religiosity is explained in a kind of critical post-Durkheimian theoretical framework.

J. Stitt Wilson (1868-1942) was a leading American Christian Socialist. When he was elected Mayor of the City of Berkeley in 1911 he had to shift focus from the broad moral and economic case for socialism to the specifics of municipal reform. He drew on the ideas of Henry George, feminist urban reformers in the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and the settlement house movement, and progressive and socialist mayors who preceded him. He became a leader in both the Socialist Party and the single-tax movement in California from 1911 to 1917, working with the shared belief that society, as a society, creates tremendous value that should be used for public benefit rather than taken as private profit. His story illustrates the creativity that can result when people are active in and learn from multiple social movements as well as the difficulties that can result from the tensions within and between movements. It illustrates, as well, some of the varied strands of the urban reform movement that helped create modern city government in America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Longitudinal data from the University of California at Berkeley are analyzed to test the relevance of New Left explanations of student protest politics when applied more generally to the study of student libertarianism. After first noting the predominance of change (more often in a libertarian direction) among the Berkeley panel, analysis turns to several prominent New Left themes purporting to help account for student activism in the sixties. These include a concern with students' class origins, dissatisfaction with the modern university, rejection of conventional achievement values, and intellectual competence. Except for dissatisfaction with the university, all of these themes are found to be of relevance iii understanding student libertarianism. It is argued that the well-known association between social class background and student activism not only does not extend to the realm of attitudes regarding political tolerance, hut has also been over-emphasized in its own right. The analysis suggests that a complex pattern of intellectualism and ascetic idealism may under- lie the emergence of political tolerance among college undergraduates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the field classes related to the teaching of anthropology at the University of California at Berkeley. It states that in the 21st century, field study provides great opportunity to students for learning field methods and research designs. The involvement of field schools in research programs related to anthropology helps in understanding field methodologies.

Describes the evolution of the Alexandria Digital Library (ADL) project of the University of California in Berkeley. Three main goals of the project; Effect of user evaluation on the evolution; User feedback and evaluation plans for the remainder of the project; Needs, practices and expectations of certain user communities; Invaluable user logs used in case studies.

Discusses how digital libraries, that is, document creation, accessing and dissemination could enable collaboration. Efforts that were undertaken as part of the University of California Berkeley Digital Library Project; Use of multivalent documents as a technological enabler that facilitates spontaneous collaboration; Impact on the scholarly information life cycle.

In the summer of 2010 the Deans of the College of Letters and Science at University of California at Berkeley launched a risky educational experiment. They sent a letter to incoming Berkeley freshmen inviting them to submit their DNA for genetic testing. The project quickly garnered national attention and heated debate among social science and anthropology faculty. The Center for Genetics and Society and the Council for Responsible Genetics called for a halt to the Bring-Your-Genes to Berkeley program. After having their DNA analyzed, students would be given information about three genetic codes concerning their tolerance for alcohol, lactose (in milk), and folic acid deficiency. Why did this educational and health project become so controversial? Nancy Scheper-Hughes unpacks the issues that led to a legislative hearing in Sacramento and to a California State Department of Public Health order to stop the DNA test results from being transmitted to Berkeley students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates events occurring between 1989 and 1994 at the University of California at Berkeley as a case study to illustrate the consequences of public policy agendas on technology transfer. Retention of the university's traditional independence; University's active involvement in economic development activities; Lures and pitfalls of full-service technology transfer.

Describes the response of the higher education community to the burden of surveys from college guide publishers and popular magazines and, in particular, the standard survey response currently used by the University of California at Berkeley. Cost; Commercial use of data; Proliferation of surveys; Impact of technology; Issues to consider in designing and adopting a standard survey instrument.

The concept of reliability is beginning to take on new meaning as Information Technology becomes pervasive in both the private and public sectors. This topic deserves further attention as new mobile Internet systems proliferate. This research note is concerned with developing a more operational understanding of the concept of ‘reliability’. The HRO-NAT Debate is raising many related issues in this regard. However, the article goes further and seeks to provide a multi-level contingent schema for this purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traces the circumstances that led to the emergence of the organization of University Employed Graduate Students at the University of California's Berkeley campus. Chartering of the organization by the American Federation of Teachers in 1965; Garnering of members among teaching assistants, research assistants and readers on the campus; Longevity prospects of the organization.

We examine how soda sales changed due to the campaign attention and election outcome of a local excise tax on sugar‐sweetened beverages. Using panel data of beverage sales from university retailers in Berkeley, California, we estimate that soda purchases relative to control beverages significantly dropped immediately after the election, months before the tax was implemented in the city of Berkeley or on campus. Supplemental scanner data from off‐campus retailers reveal this result is not unique to the university setting. Our findings suggest soda tax media coverage and election outcomes can have larger effects on purchasing behavior than the tax itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Data Library and Reference Service (IDL&RS) was established by the Survey Research Center and the Institute of International Studies to assist social scientists at the University of California in obtaining, processing, and analysing existing domestic and foreign survey materials. The service also provides assistance in the collection of new survey data both in America and in other countries, and it is used as a training laboratory for various university courses of instruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the first international Integrating Evolution, Development and Genomics Conference at the University of California-Berkeley on May 31 to June 2, 2006. This meeting is organized by graduate students and is inspired by the integration of evodevo research programs at the university. It has been designed to be small in order to offer many opportunities for meaningful interactions.

The article focuses on various recent publications, selected by the Institute of Industrial Relations Library University of California at Berkeley. In "The CIO, 1935-1955," Robert H. Zieger charts the rise of this industrial union movement, from the founding of the CIO by John L. Lewis in 1935 to its merger under Walter Reuther with the American Federation of Labor in 1955. In "Cold War in the Working Class: The Rise and Decline of the United Electrical Workers," by Ronald L. Filippelli and Mark D. McColloch, authors tell the story of the rise and decline of the United Electrical Workers from 1933 to 1990. In "Common Sense and a Little Fire: Women and Working-Class Politics in the United States, 1900-1965," Annelise Orleck takes her four subjects from turbulent, turn-of-the-century Eastern Europe to the radical ferment of New York's Lower East Side and the gaslit tenements where young women workers studied together. In "Dark Sweat, White Gold: California Farm Workers, Cotton, and the New Deal," Devra Weber explores the complex employment setting and high human costs that have marked the growth of large-scale California agribusiness.

This study explores the role of multiorganizational fields in recruitment to social movements. We study applicants to the 1964 Mississippi Freedom Summer project from two sites: the University of California at Berkeley and the University of Wisconsin at Madison. Using network analysis, we develop a model of recruitment that predicts participation on the basis of the structural positions of individuals within the multiorganizational fields, as well as on the basis of individual background factors. We also study the role that the recruitment context plays, by comparing the results at these two universities. Independent of the individual background factors, structural position in the multiorganizational field predicts participation in Freedom Summer at Wisconsin, but not at Berkeley. The effects of individual background factors on participation are also contingent on the recruitment context. We discuss the theoretical implications of our results for the study of the effects of multiorganizational fields and recruitment contexts on participation in social movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network‐attached storage (NAS) is a system that uses a redundant array of disks (RAID) to create virtual disks comprising multiple disks and provide network services such as FTP, SSH, and WebDAV. Using these services, the NAS's virtual disks store data about individuals or groups, making them a critical analysis target for digital forensics. Well‐known storage manufacturers like Seagate, Synology, and NETGEAR use Linux‐based software RAID, and they usually support Berkeley RAID (e.g., RAID 0, 1, 5, 6, and 10) as well as self‐developed hybrid RAID. Those manufacturers have published data on the introduction and features of hybrid RAID, but there is not enough information to reassemble RAID from a digital forensic perspective. Besides, digital forensic tools (such as EnCase, FTK, X‐ways, and RAID Reconstructor) do not support automatic RAID reassembly for hybrid RAID, so research on hybrid RAID reassembly methods is necessary. This paper analyzes the disk array composed of hybrid RAID and explains the layout of disk array, partition layout in hybrid RAID, and hybrid RAID configuration strategy. Furthermore, it suggests parameters that are required for RAID reassembly and then propose a hybrid RAID reassembly procedure using them. Finally, we propose a proof‐of‐concept tool (Hybrid RAID Reconstructor) that identifies hybrid RAID from disk array and parse RAID parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents brief information on several Internet resources which are selected by the Institute of Industrial Relations Library of the University of California, Berkeley, California. Web site addresses of selected resources, or organizations, are given here. The Political Economy Research Institute (PERI) at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, one of the selected resources, was established in 1998. The PERI, reportedly, is actively engaged in research, dissemination, policy advising, and graduate student education and sponsors conferences and other public events in their areas of research focus. The Universal Living Wage Web site is sponsored by House the Homeless Inc., an education and advocacy organization. The organization's mission is based on the premise that anyone working full time should be able to afford some form of housing. The Employment Policies Institute (EPI), reportedly, is a nonprofit research organization dedicated to studying public-policy issues surrounding employment growth. In particular, EPI focuses on issues that affect entry-level employment.

Profiles David Keith Todd, professor of civil engineering emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, California. Educational background; Interest in teaching on ground water hydrology; Research interests in the university.

The events that took place on the Berkeley, California campus of the University of California in the Fall semester of 1964 have been widely reported and interpreted. They have been said to constitute the most dangerous crisis in the history of this university of 75,000 students and the most serious student demonstrations ever to have occurred in the U.S. Sociologists have described what took place as a small-scale but genuine revolution as a result of which the authority of the administration and the faculty had become virtually non-existent by December 1964. The implications of the events extend far beyond the state of California, because of the extent to which they reveal the nature of the new generation of Americans and the weaknesses of an institution which has been regarded by many as a prototype of the university of the future. As an illustration of the effect of the new rights won by the students, and the use to which they have put them, on 15 and 16 November 1965 a massive demonstration against the war in Viet Nam was organized from the Berkeley campus.

In order to track the research progress of AEB-related technologies, this paper makes a systematic analysis and research on the impact factors, key technologies, and effect evaluation of AEB. First, the paper deeply analyzes the three levels of factors affecting the performance of AEB, which are vehicle factors, driver factors, and environmental factors. Second, the paper deeply studies the technical status of the three subsystems of environment perception, decision-making, and control execution. Particularly, the performance of Mazda, Honda, NHTSA, Berkeley, and Seungwuk Moon are compared and analyzed based on MATLAB. Third, the paper summarizes the current AEB virtual test methods, closed field test methods, and its test sites. Three classic evaluation methods in the world, including the AEB test evaluation standards of ENCAP, IIHS, and i-Vista are analyzed. Finally, the paper prospects the specific research directions, including the protection of vulnerable road users, target detection method, collision avoidance strategy, complex scenarios application, and application of emerging technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the development of digital library support approach to distance learning at the University of California, Berkeley. Historical approach to multi-point distance learning courses; Use of information technologies in distance learning classrooms; Administrative and technical difficulties in distance education; Development of viable alternatives for efficient library and faculty systems.

In this paper, wireless sensor network technology is applied to an English-assisted reading system to highly simulate and restore the context and improve the performance of all aspects of the English-assisted reading system to optimize the English-assisted reading system. The product designed in this paper is based on wireless sensor network technology with Linux as the core operating system and supports POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface Standard) standard application development interface; QT is used as the component and framework of the system to support many applications. Based on player open-source multimedia audio and video technology, optimized and tailored for the hardware platform, it well supports multimedia learning and entertainment functions; this paper also adopts open-source database technology based on SQL (Structured Quevy Language) and Berkeley DB, using them as a platform for data storage and access, supporting a million-level thesaurus and high-speed, example sentence search. In this paper, we describe the user's personalized needs by creating interest models for the user, recommending the text content, and reading order that can help with understanding through the interest models and reading articles and expanding the recommended text range by making expansions to the reading content through references and related articles to further help the user understand the text. Based on the above work, this paper implements an assisted reading system; finally, a multihop self-organizing network system is formed through a wireless sensor network to make the rigid and boring English reading easy and interesting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interest toward molecule‐molecule interactions developed during the first half of the 19th century with studies on gas liquefaction. In 1869, Andrews carried out the first accurate study on the effects of temperature and pressure on the behaviour of real gases, and in 1873, van der Waals formulated an equation capable of accounting for critical phenomena of each individual gas The nature of the intermolecular forces responsible for aggregation of gases was investigated in the early 20th century by Keesom and Debye (electrostatic interactions between dipoles) and by London (interaction between instantaneous dipoles, studied by quantum mechanics). The hydrogen bond theory, a particular case of dipolar interaction, originated in the 1920s in Berkeley in the institute directed by G. N. Lewis. Later it was made clear that hydrogen bonding is responsible for the aggregation of most biological systems, from proteins to nucleic acids. This Perspective describes the most significant steps through which the science of intermolecular interactions has progressed over the last two centuries, revisiting classical experiments and theoretical formulations, which led to the complex state of art of today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, quantum inspired incarnations of two swarm based meta‐heuristic algorithms, namely, Crow Search Optimization Algorithm and Intelligent Crow Search Optimization Algorithm have been proposed for automatic clustering of colour images. The performance and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms have been judged by experimenting on 15 Berkeley images and five publicly available real life images of different sizes. The validity of the proposed algorithms has been justified with the help of four different cluster validity indices, namely, Pakhira Bandyopadhyay Maulik, I‐index, Silhouette and CS‐measure. Moreover, Sobol's sensitivity analysis has been performed to tune the parameters of the proposed algorithms. The experimental results prove the superiority of proposed algorithms with respect to optimal fitness, computational time, convergence rate, accuracy, robustness, t‐test and Friedman test. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed algorithms has been proved with the help of quantitative evaluation of segmentation evaluation metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, image segmentation has aroused great interest of many researchers, and has become an important part of machine learning, pattern recognition, and computer vision. Among many methods of image segmentation, fuzzy C‐means (FCM) algorithm is undoubtedly a milestone in unsupervised method. With the further study of FCM, various different kinds of FCM algorithms are put forward to deal with the specific problems in image segmentation. Because there exist uncertainties in different regions of the image and similarity in the same region, reducing the uncertainty is still the main problem in image segmentation. Considering that Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS) is a powerful tool to deal with uncertainty, in this paper, we use PFS to describe the uncertainty of image segmentation, including introducing fuzzification and defuzzification process and Pythagorean fuzzy element to describe the membership degree of pixel, combine the neighborhood information with weights and Pythagorean fuzzy distance, and propose Pythagorean fuzzy C‐means (PFCM) algorithm. Finally, we apply PFCM algorithm in image segmentation, such as different size images and Berkeley Segmentation Data Set to illustrate the effectiveness and applicability of our proposed algorithm. Meanwhile, we do comparison analysis between PFCM, fully convolution network and Deep‐image‐Prior networks, these results show that our proposed PFCM has good intuition and effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study utilises a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) implementing regularisation and batch normalisation for the removal of mixed, random, impulse, and Gaussian noise of various levels from digital images. This deep CNN achieves minimal loss of detail and yet yields an optimal estimation of structural metrics when dealing with both known and unknown noise mixtures. Moreover, a comprehensive comparison of denoising filters through the use of different structural metrics is provided to highlight the merits of the proposed approach. Optimal denoising results were obtained by using a 20-layer network with 40 × 40 patches trained on 400 180 × 180 images from the Berkeley segmentation data set (BSD) and tested on the BSD100 data set and an additional 12 images of general interest to the research community. The comparative results provide credence to the merits of the proposed filter and the comprehensive assessment of results highlights the novelty and performance of this CNN-based approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blueberry fruit (Vaccinium spp. Berkeley) are popular with people due to the functional components, but they are perishable. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of 1‐methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP) with and without ethylene on ripening and volatile compounds of blueberry fruit. Sensory quality, physicochemical indexes, functional component, antioxidant activity, and principal component analysis of volatile compounds of fruit were detected. The present results indicated that application of ethylene accelerated ethylene production and respiration rate, decreased antioxidant activity and functional components contents of blueberries in comparison with the untreated samples. The degradation effect of ethylene was effectively neutralized by 1‐MCP. Treatment of 1‐MCP with or without ethylene enhanced firmness, functional components contents, antioxidant activity, and inhibited ethylene production, respiration rate comparing with the control. Furthermore, simultaneous use of ethylene and 1‐MCP treatment guaranteed better quality and volatile compounds in blueberry fruit during the whole storage. Practical applications: The volatile aroma compounds of blueberries play an important role in enhancing taste. Nevertheless, the use of 1‐MCP may reduce the production of aromatic substances, although it can delay the ripening of fruit. Furthermore, consumer difference tests indicated that people can differentiate the 1‐MCP‐treated apples from the control group. So the commercial application of 1‐MCP on fruit is restricted and unfeasible. But a large number of studies on other fruit have shown that combined treatment of 1‐MCP and ethylene probably solves this problem. Thus, we tried to apply this method to blueberry fruit, with the purpose of preserving the aroma component while extending shelf life of blueberries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding anthropogenic impacts on water storage and water flow pathways in catchments is an ongoing challenge in hydrology. Here, we study the dynamics of subsurface storage and residence time of water in a catchment in Berkeley, California, that is within a regional park but contains diverse land use within its perimeter, including a periodically irrigated golf course. Our study combines several isotopic tracers with water budget data to examine sources of water in a stream draining the site. Irrigation water, applied to a small area of the watershed, is a minor component of the water budget. However, geochemical tracers reveal that irrigation water is a significant fraction of stream flow downstream of the golf course during baseflow and during precipitation events. Isotopic tracers indicate that the watershed has a preference to release young water for stream flow generation, resulting in contrasting tritium ages for stream water and groundwater of 1.3 ± 0.5 year and 8.2 ± 1.7 year, respectively. We determined that the older water is a very small component (0.7%) of the stream water in the tail of an assumed exponential distribution. We used the seasonal variation of stable water isotopes in precipitation and stream water over two water years to explain the damping of the isotopic signature of stream water, which yields information about the catchment's response to the input signal. The methods described here may be applicable to other urban or suburban headwater catchments in areas with a component of non‐natural recharge from, for example, leaky infrastructure, storm water routing or dry season irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several web sites and online books related to industrial relations in the U.S. are featured. The Crystal Report is an on-line journal focusing on executive compensation trends. It is written for corporate compensation personnel, compensation consultants, attorneys and investors. Fast Co. has designed its wed site as a "handbook" of best practices for flexible firms. The web site of the not-for-profit foundation International Institute for Management Development located in Laussane, Switzerland is designed to enhance leadership in every area of management.

Chapter 2 of the book "Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development" is presented. It deals with the processes applied in attaining the study's sample and in determining its applicability. The recruited group from Berkeley, California is said to be non-representative since their parents are superior in education. The selection of the survey was made from the birth certificate registry of every third baby born between January 1, 1928 and June 30, 1929.

Restoration ecology is a deepening and diversifying field with current research incorporating multiple disciplines and infusing long-standing ideas with fresh perspectives. We present a list of 10 recent pivotal papers exemplifying new directions in ecological restoration that were selected by students in a cross-disciplinary graduate seminar at the University of California, Berkeley. We highlight research that applies ecological theory to improve restoration practice in the context of global change (e.g. climate modeling, evaluation of novel ecosystems) and discuss remaining knowledge gaps. We also discuss papers that recognize the social context of restoration and the coupled nature of social and ecological systems, ranging from the incorporation of cultural values and Traditional Ecological Knowledge into restoration, to the consideration of the broader impacts of markets on restoration practices. In addition, we include perspectives that focus on improving communication between social and natural scientists as well as between scientists and practitioners, developing effective ecological monitoring, and applying more integrated, whole-landscape approaches to restoration. We conclude with insights on recurrent themes in the papers regarding planning restoration in human-modified landscapes, application of ecological theory, improvements to restoration practice, and the social contexts of restoration. We share lessons from our cross-disciplinary endeavor, and invite further discussion on the future directions of restoration ecology through contributions to our seminar blog site . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the claim that the period between the dawn of the Great Depression and conclusion of the Second World War was a 'dark age' for the discipline of anthropology in museums. It argues that while museums in the United States encountered numerous common challenges due to the economic downturn and outbreak of war, the period also presented a number of opportunities, especially through the arrival of labor through New Deal work-relief agencies. This article focuses on what is now known as the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley. The narrative of the Hearst Museum during this era works to complicate our understanding of the 'museum period' in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the concepts underlying the Berkeley Evaluation and Assessment Research (BEAR) Assessment System (BAS) for learning progression in science education developed by the University of California in Berkeley. The elements of the system are tackled with particular focus on a construct map concept. The relationship between the construct map concept and the idea of a progression is examined. It describes a structural equation model (SEM) variant as a measurement model for learning progression.