18,600 results
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2. Digital media, ageing and faith: Older Sri Lankan migrants in Australia and their digital articulations of transnational religion.
- Author
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Gamage, Shashini, Wilding, Raelene, and Baldassar, Loretta
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DIGITAL media ,OLDER people ,DIGITAL technology ,ELECTRONIC paper ,IMMIGRANTS - Abstract
To date, older adults have received little attention in the newly emerging technological narratives of transnational religion. This is surprising, given the strong association of later life with spiritual and religious engagement, but it likely reflects the ongoing assumption that older adults are technophobic or technologically incompetent. Drawing on ethnographic interviews with older Sinhalese Buddhist migrants from Sri Lanka, living in Melbourne, this paper explores the digital articulations of transnational religion that arise from older migrants' uses of digital media. We focus on how engagements with digital media enable older Sinhalese to respond to an urgent need to accumulate merit in later life, facilitating their temporal strategies for ageing as migrants. We argue that these digital articulations transform both the religious imaginary and the religious practices that validate and legitimize a life well‐lived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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3. Short‐term international dental experiences in undergraduate dental students at an Australian university.
- Author
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Chen, Wei‐Yi, Cheng, An‐Lun, La, Natalie, and Shetty, Sowmya
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DENTAL students ,DENTAL education ,UNDERGRADUATES ,COLLEGE students ,PERCEIVED benefit ,ELECTRONIC paper - Abstract
Introduction: Learning through international experience has been well documented in USA literature, yet not well explored in Australia. The aim of this study is to understand Australian dental students' experiences and perceptions of international dental experience by: (i) capturing past participation; (ii) identifying potential interests for participants who have not been on a trip and (iii) ascertaining perceived benefits of the trip/s. Materials and Methods: A 19 question paper survey was distributed to 310 eligible undergraduate dental students of The University of Queensland (UQ). An online counterpart survey was created via Google Forms and promoted on relevant Facebook groups targeted at current dental students of UQ. Results: A total of 203 of the 310 eligible UQ undergraduate dental students responded to the distributed paper and electronic surveys making the response rate 65.5%. A total of 13 undergraduate respondents participated in an international experience trip. The majority of respondents who had not participated in an international dental experience trip were interested in participating in one. Education (84.6%) and improved dental skills (84.6%) were the most reported perceived benefits by the students who had participated in an international dental experience. Conclusion: A majority of respondents were interested in participating in international dental experiences. Despite this, only 1 in 15 respondents had participated in an international dental experience. Further exploration of this concept is needed; however, dental schools within Australia could potentially explore integration of international short‐term dental experiences into formal curricula in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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4. Perinatal depression screening in Australia: A position paper.
- Author
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Hazell Raine, Karen, Thorpe, Karen, and Boyce, Philip
- Subjects
- *
DIAGNOSIS of mental depression , *MATERNAL health services , *MEDICAL screening , *COST control , *MOTHER-child relationship , *PREGNANCY - Abstract
Perinatal depression can have enduring adverse effects on women and their children and families, incurring substantial ongoing economic and personal costs. A significant proportion of the cost of perinatal depression relates to adverse impacts on the child, most likely mediated through impairment to the mother‐infant relationship. In recognition of this problem, Australia has invested in routine perinatal depression screening. Our previous research produced convergent findings suggesting that expected benefits for children have not yet been realised through perinatal depression screening. We question the potential of including a measure of personality in current perinatal depression screening for identifying maternal mental health problems and suboptimal mother‐infant relationships. This paper reviews our previous research findings within the broader context of perinatal depression screening. We propose a position, that perinatal depression screening in Australia should be redesigned to more precisely detect vulnerable mother‐infant relationships, parenting, maternal mental health, and infant psychosocial and psychological development. Practice change to appropriately target antenatal interventions may more efficiently improve both maternal and child outcomes, thereby contributing to greater efficiency and cost savings for the health system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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5. Nurses' health beliefs about paper face masks in Japan, Australia and China: a qualitative descriptive study.
- Author
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Omura, M., Stone, T.E., Petrini, M.A., and Cao, R.
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PREVENTION of infectious disease transmission , *PREVENTION of communicable diseases , *CONTENT analysis , *CULTURE , *HEALTH attitudes , *RESEARCH methodology , *HEALTH policy , *NURSES' attitudes , *RESEARCH funding , *STATISTICAL sampling , *QUALITATIVE research , *SECONDARY analysis , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *COVID-19 - Abstract
Aim: To explore the health beliefs of clinical and academic nurses from Japan, Australia and China regarding wearing paper masks to protect themselves and others, and to identify differences in participants' health beliefs regarding masks. Background: The correct use of face masks and consensus among health professionals across the globe is essential for containing pandemics, and nurses need to act according to policy to protect themselves, educate the public and preserve resources for frontline health workers. Paper masks are worn by health professionals and the general public to avoid the transmission of respiratory infections, such as COVID‐19, but there appear to be differences in health beliefs of nurses within and between countries regarding these. Methods: This qualitative descriptive study used content analysis with a framework approach. Findings: There were major differences in nurse participants' beliefs between and within countries, including how nurses use paper masks and their understanding of their efficacy. In addition, there were cultural differences in the way that nurses use masks in their daily lives and nursing practice contexts. Conclusion: Nurses from different working environments, countries and areas of practice hold a variety of health beliefs about mask wearing at the personal and professional level. Implications for nursing policy and health policy: The COVID‐19 pandemic has sparked much discussion about the critical importance of masks for the safety of health professionals, and there has been considerable discussion and disagreement about health policies regarding mask use by the general public. Improper use of masks may have a role in creating mask shortages or transmitting infections. An evidence‐based global policy on mask use for respiratory illnesses for health professionals, including nurses, and the general public needs to be adopted and supported by a wide‐reaching education campaign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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6. Australian country paper: Integrated approaches to irrigation management in the future.
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Parr, Eddie, Hayes, Peter, Vranes, Momir, and Walters, Carl
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WATER management ,WATERSHEDS ,IRRIGATION management ,WATER use ,WATER levels ,DEPRECIATION ,ENVIRONMENTAL infrastructure - Abstract
Copyright of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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7. SOMANZ position paper on the management of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and hyperemesis gravidarum.
- Author
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Lowe SA, Armstrong G, Beech A, Bowyer L, Grzeskowiak L, Marnoch CA, and Robinson H
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- Australia, Female, Humans, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Pregnancy, Hyperemesis Gravidarum therapy, Nausea therapy, Vomiting therapy
- Abstract
This is a brief summary of the Society of Obstetric Medicine of Australia and New Zealand (SOMANZ) evidence-based guideline for the management of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). The full guideline and executive summary including auditable outcomes are freely available on the SOMANZ website [https://www.somanz.org/guidelines.asp]. The guideline includes a proposed SOMANZ definition of NVP and HG and evidence-based practical advice regarding the investigation and management of NVP, HG and associated conditions including thyroid dysfunction. A practical algorithm for assessment and management as well as an individual patient management plan and self-assessment tools are included., (© 2019 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.)
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- 2020
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8. Assessing spirometry competence through certification in community‐based healthcare settings in Australia and New Zealand: A position paper of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Respiratory Science.
- Author
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Schneider, Irene, Rodwell, Leanne, Baum, Sarah, Borg, Brigitte M., Del Colle, Eleonora A., Ingram, Emily R., Swanney, Maureen, and Taylor, Deborah
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SPIROMETRY , *INDUSTRIAL hygiene , *PERFORMANCE , *VENTILATION monitoring , *CERTIFICATION - Abstract
Spirometry has been established as an essential test for diagnosing and monitoring respiratory disease, particularly asthma and COPD, as well as in occupational health surveillance. In Australia and New Zealand, there is currently no pathway for spirometry operators in community‐based healthcare settings to demonstrate spirometry competence. The Australia and New Zealand Society of Respiratory Science (ANZSRS) has identified a need for developing a pathway for operators working in community‐based practices in Australia and New Zealand to demonstrate spirometry competence and certification. Spirometry certification provides evidence to patients, clients, employers and organizations that an individual has participated in an assessment process that qualifies them to perform spirometry to current international spirometry standards set out by the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS). This document describes a competence assessment pathway that incorporates a portfolio and practical assessment. The completion of this pathway and the award of certification confer an individual is competent to perform spirometry for 3 years, after which re‐certification is required. The adoption of this competency assessment and certification process by specialist organizations, and the commitment of operators performing spirometry to undergo this process, will enhance spirometry quality and practice in community‐based healthcare settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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9. ADIPS position paper on pre‐existing diabetes and pregnancy.
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Rudland, Victoria L., Price, Sarah A. L., and Callaway, Leonie
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BLOOD sugar monitoring , *DIABETES , *GESTATIONAL diabetes , *HIGH-risk pregnancy , *TYPE 1 diabetes , *MEDICAL protocols , *TYPE 2 diabetes , *POSTNATAL care , *PRECONCEPTION care , *WOMEN'S health , *DISEASE management - Abstract
This is an executive summary of the Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society (ADIPS) 2020 guideline for pre‐existing diabetes and pregnancy. The summary focuses on the main clinical practice points for the management of women with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in relation to pregnancy, including preconception, antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum care. The full guideline is available at https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13265. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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10. A systematic review of resprouting in woody plants and potential implications for the management of urban plantings.
- Author
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Kenefick, Claire, Livesley, Stephen, and Farrell, Claire
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GERMINATION ,WOODY plants ,URBAN plants ,TEMPERATE climate ,PUBLIC spaces ,PLANT maintenance - Abstract
Naturalistic plantings, such as meadow‐style plantings, can improve the quality of urban green spaces through aesthetic, biodiversity and low maintenance features. Species selection for, and maintenance of naturalistic plantings are key to their success. While herbaceous and grassy meadows can be mowed, naturalistic plantings with woody plants require more intense maintenance to remove biomass and promote resprouting. We aim to understand woody plant responses to diverse disturbance regimes to potentially inform the selection and management of woody species in urban plantings. We conducted a quantitative systematic literature review of 72 papers and investigated what main external (climate, disturbance regime) and internal (buds, life stage, storage reserves) factors influence the resprouting response of woody plants. We found resprouting literature is geographically widespread for woody plants, but studies are skewed towards Temperate climates in USA and Australia, with a focus on high severity and high frequency fire disturbance. Resprouting response was mostly defined as a continuous response to disturbance dependent on disturbance regime, climate and plant traits. Maintenance and management of naturalistic woody plantings, through hard pruning techniques such as coppicing, may be informed by analogous high severity and high frequency disturbance studies. However, the literature on woody plant resprouting has several knowledge gaps for lower severity and lower frequency disturbance regimes and in more arid climates. Future research should evaluate the response of naturalistic woody plantings to disturbance in specific urban contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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11. Work‐related asthma: A position paper from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand and the National Asthma Council Australia.
- Author
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Hoy, Ryan, Burdon, Jonathan, Chen, Ling, Miles, Susan, Perret, Jennifer L, Prasad, Shivonne, Radhakrishna, Naghmeh, Rimmer, Janet, Sim, Malcolm R, Yates, Deborah, and Zosky, Graeme
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ASTHMA , *OCCUPATIONAL hazards , *INTERNAL auditing , *SYMPTOMS , *VOCAL cord dysfunction - Abstract
Work‐related asthma (WRA) is one of the most common occupational respiratory conditions, and includes asthma specifically caused by occupational exposures (OA) and asthma that is worsened by conditions at work (WEA). WRA should be considered in all adults with asthma, but especially those with new‐onset or difficult to control asthma. Improvement in asthma symptoms when away from work is suggestive of WRA. Clinical history alone is insufficient to diagnose WRA; therefore, objective investigations are required to confirm the presence of asthma and the association of asthma with work activities. Management of WRA requires pharmacotherapy similar to that of non‐WRA, however, also needs to take into account control of the causative workplace exposure. Ongoing exposure will likely lead to decline in lung function and worsening asthma control. WRA is a preventable condition but this does rely on increased awareness of WRA and thorough identification and control of all potential occupational respiratory hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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12. Early-season colony development of the paper wasp Ropalidia plebeiana (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Canberra, Australia.
- Author
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OBERPRIELER, Stefanie K. and SPRADBERY, J. Philip
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- *
PAPER wasps , *NEST building , *ROPALIDIA - Abstract
This study presents the first observations of early-season colony development of Ropalidia plebeiana in Canberra, Australia. The growth pattern of three R. plebeiana nests was measured during weekly observations from October 2006 to January 2007 and showed that nests steadily increase in size over the early summer to approximately 50 cells when the nest is newly established and to approximately 170 cells when nests from the previous season are re-used. A first generation of adult females is produced by December, and the bimodality of the curves of egg, larval and pupal numbers indicates that these three developmental stages last approximately 2–3 weeks each. The nesting cycle of R. plebeiana in Canberra commences approximately 2 weeks later than in coastal Australia, the shorter summers in this inland region restricting the length of the active season. R. plebeiana did not form dense nesting aggregations in Canberra as described elsewhere, with only small colonies consisting of a single or just a few nests. Characteristic comb-cutting behavior of the species was observed but this did not result in complete nest division as recorded from coastal populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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13. Peer work in Open Dialogue: A discussion paper.
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Bellingham, Brett, Buus, Niels, McCloughen, Andrea, Dawson, Lisa, Schweizer, Richard, Mikes‐Liu, Kristof, Peetz, Amy, Boydell, Katherine, and River, Jo
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- *
HOSPITAL health promotion programs , *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations , *MENTAL health services , *PEER counseling , *SOCIAL networks , *CLIENT relations , *SOCIAL support , *PATIENT-centered care - Abstract
Abstract: Open Dialogue is a resource‐oriented approach to mental health care that originated in Finland. As Open Dialogue has been adopted across diverse international healthcare settings, it has been adapted according to contextual factors. One important development in Open Dialogue has been the incorporation of paid, formal peer work. Peer work draws on the knowledge and wisdom gained through lived experience of distress and hardship to establish mutual, reciprocal, and supportive relationships with service users. As Open Dialogue is now being implemented across mental health services in Australia, stakeholders are beginning to consider the role that peer workers might have in this model of care. Open Dialogue was not, initially, conceived to include a specific role for peers, and there is little available literature, and even less empirical research, in this area. This discussion paper aims to surface some of the current debates and ideas about peer work in Open Dialogue. Examples and models of peer work in Open Dialogue are examined, and the potential benefits and challenges of adopting this approach in health services are discussed. Peer work in Open Dialogue could potentially foster democracy and disrupt clinical hierarchies, but could also move peer work from reciprocal to a less symmetrical relationship of ‘giver’ and ‘receiver’ of care. Other models of care, such as lived experience practitioners in Open Dialogue, can be conceived. However, it remains uncertain whether the hierarchical structures in healthcare and current models of funding would support any such models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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14. Australian Association of Gerontology Position Paper Summary: LGBTI Ageing Research in Australia.
- Author
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Segbedzi, Tonye, South, Sandra Helen, Hughes, Mark, and Malta, Sue
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ELDER care ,MEDICAL care for older people ,AGING ,GERIATRICS ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,MEDICAL research ,POLICY sciences ,GOVERNMENT aid ,LGBTQ+ people - Abstract
The article focuses on the Australian Association of Gerontology position paper summary of lesbian, gay, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) ageing research in Australia. Topics inlcude the LGBTI ageing research that has been published in Australia and overseas and other relevant literature reviews, the survey of LGBTI ageing researchers in Australia and identified some priority future research areas, and the LGBTI ageing policy context in Australia found there have been significant developments.
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- 2020
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15. Conferences Versus Journals in Computer Science.
- Author
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Vrettas, George and Sanderson, Mark
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ALGORITHMS ,COMPUTERS ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,SCHOLARLY method ,PUBLISHING ,SERIAL publications ,T-test (Statistics) ,CITATION analysis - Abstract
The question of which type of computer science (CS) publication-0conference or journal-0is likely to result in more citations for a published paper is addressed. A series of data sets are examined and joined in order to analyze the citations of over 195,000 conference papers and 108,000 journal papers. Two means of evaluating the citations of journals and conferences are explored: h5 and average citations per paper; it was found that h5 has certain biases that make it a difficult measure to use (despite it being the main measure used by Google Scholar). Results from the analysis show that CS, as a discipline, values conferences as a publication venue more highly than any other academic field of study. The analysis also shows that a small number of elite CS conferences have the highest average paper citation rate of any publication type, although overall, citation rates in conferences are no higher than in journals. It is also shown that the length of a paper is correlated with citation rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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16. AUSTRALIA'S IMPORT DEMAND FOR PRINTING AND WRITING PAPER: A SHORT RUN ESTIMATE.
- Author
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Hossain, M.M. and Morris, P.
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PAPER ,COMPETITION ,ECONOMIC demand ,INTERNATIONAL trade - Abstract
In Australia, tariffs and bounties form the major instruments of protection of manufacturing industries (IAC 1985). In the recent past, both tariffs and bounties were applied to the printing and writing paper industry. Recently, the bounties have been withdrawn. The main objective of the present study is to identify and quantify the factors which influence the size and growth of imports of printing and writing paper in the short run. More specifically, the factors determining the short run demand for and supply of printing and writing papers are considered, with emphasis on the relationship between domestic supply and imports. Domestic production of printing and writing paper is dominated by one producer, Associated Pulp and Paper Mills (APPM). However, two other local producers, who previously specialised in other types of paper, have recently increased their production of printing and writing paper as a result of the favourable outlook for these types of paper. Imports are a major competitive force in this market. The domestic market share of the printing and writing paper segment held by local producers was 58 per cent in 1975-76 and 50 per cent in 1984-85, but was as low as 58 per cent in 1981-82. Some of the imports, however, face no competition from domestic products. The identification of products which can and cannot be directly substituted for domestically produced papers is a difficult task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1988
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17. Trends in the direction of global plant invasion biology research over the past two decades.
- Author
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Chiu, Jing Hua, Chong, Kwek Yan, Lum, Shawn K. Y., and Wardle, David A.
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PLANT invasions ,TEMPERATE forest ecology ,NITROGEN fixation ,BIOLOGICAL invasions ,INVASIVE plants ,PLANT ecology ,HERBACEOUS plants - Abstract
Invasive plants are a growing ecological problem worldwide, but biases and patterns within invasive plant research may affect our understanding of invasive plant ecology. In this study, we analyzed 458 invasive plant papers sampled from the two journals dedicated entirely to the field of invasion biology, i.e., Biological Invasions and Neobiota. From these papers, we collected information on geographic coverage, climate, habitat, taxonomic coverage, plant functional type, and research topic to examine trends across a 21‐year time period from 1999 to 2020. Our analysis found that invasive plant research was consistently biased toward temperate grassland and forest ecosystems particularly within the Americas, Europe, and Australia, and toward smaller, herbaceous invasive plant species (i.e., forbs, grasses, and shrubs), with an increase in interest in invasive nitrogen‐fixing legumes over time. Our analysis also identified "hot" research topics in invasive plant research at specific time periods, such as a peak in the use of genetic analysis methods in 2014–2015 and a more recent focus on plant physiological and functional traits. While current models, concepts, and understanding of plant invasion ecology are still driven by such biases, this has been partially offset by recent increased research in understudied systems, as well as increasing awareness that plant invasion is heavily affected by their growth types, physiological traits, and soil interactions. As the field of invasion biology becomes ever increasingly important over time, focusing invasive plant research on understudied ecosystems and plant groups will allow us to develop a more holistic understanding of the ecology of invasive plants. In particular, given the outsized importance of the tropics to global biodiversity, the threats they face, and the dearth of studies, it is of critical importance that more invasive plant research is conducted within the tropics to develop a more globally representative understanding of invasive plant ecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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18. Is it time to abandon paper? The use of emails and the Internet for health services research--a cost-effectiveness and qualitative study.
- Author
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Hunter J, Corcoran K, Leeder S, and Phelps K
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- Age Factors, Australia, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Participation, Patient Preference statistics & numerical data, Patient Selection, Qualitative Research, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Electronic Mail economics, Health Services Research economics, Health Services Research methods, Internet economics, Research Design standards
- Abstract
Rationale: A multidisciplinary primary care clinic in Sydney, Australia, was planning to use electronic questionnaires to measure patient-reported outcomes., Methods: Semi-structured interviews with 20 patients were undertaken to explore, among other things, practical issues regarding different questionnaire formats. The response rates and costs of email versus postal invitations were also evaluated., Results: Compared with postal invitations, email invitations offered a cost-effective and practical alternative, with a greater proportion of patients volunteering for an interview. Assuming the interface is well-designed and user-friendly, many patients were happy to use the Internet to answer questionnaires. Most patients thought alternate formats should also be offered. Patients discussed advantages and disadvantages of the Internet format. Although more younger patients and females had given the clinic an email address; both sexes, and young and old patients, expressed strong preferences for either wanting or not wanting to use the Internet., Conclusion: Researchers should consider using email invitations as a cost-effective first-line strategy to recruit patients to participate in health services research. Internet questionnaires are potentially cheaper than paper questionnaires, and the format is acceptable to many patients. However, for the time being, concurrent alternate formats need to be offered to ensure wider acceptability and to maximize response rates., (© 2012 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2013
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19. Impact of rurality on health practices and services: Summary paper to the inaugural rural and remote health scientific symposium.
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Gregory, Gordon
- Subjects
- *
RURAL health , *PUBLIC health research , *RURALITY , *HEALTH promotion , *PREVENTIVE health services , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
This summary paper for the symposium provides a brief overview of the papers by Craig Veitch, John Beard and Max Kamien that deal with the environmental, socioeconomic and political descriptors of ‘rurality’. Those three papers deal with a number of fundamental truths about rural and remote health, including the fact that internal migration is an important and poorly understood factor in determining community and health outcomes. A brief treatment of the issue suggests that selective internal migration is likely to mean that the burden of illness in rural and remote areas is even higher than that suggested by the published figures. The paper then asserts that thinking in the rural and remote health sector in Australia focuses largely on the negative aspects of the current characteristics of rural areas. A self-evident definition of ‘rurality’ is offered that has it defined by the set of factors that currently characterise places, communities and individuals outside the major cities. The paper suggests that each of these characteristics has an upside or benefit, as well as a downside or risk, and that giving greater attention to the former will provide a better basis for informing rural health policy and practice than the deficit view alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
- Full Text
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20. Australia after the Asian Century White Paper.
- Author
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Reece, Nicholas
- Subjects
COMMERCIAL policy ,AUSTRALIAN politics & government ,ECONOMIC policy - Abstract
Prime Minister Julia Gillard released the 'Australia in the Asian Century' White Paper in October 2012, describing it as 'a roadmap showing how Australia can be a winner in the Asian Century'. This article provides a review of Australia's progress on engagement with Asia 2 years after the White Paper. It covers the political and performance status of key Asia- related initiatives following the election of the Abbott government. It finds a high level of continuity and support for individual policies and objectives in the White Paper. However, there have been some significant changes in policy, emphasis and approach and emerging areas of underperformance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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21. PUBLICATION BIAS IN PAPERS PRESENTED TO THE AUSTRALIAN ORTHOPAEDIC ASSOCIATION ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING.
- Author
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Harris, Ian A., Mourad, Mohamed S., Kadir, Agus, Solomon, Michael J., and Young, Jane M.
- Subjects
- *
ORTHOPEDICS , *PERIODICALS , *PUBLISHING , *ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,ABSTRACTS - Abstract
Background: The selective publication of articles based on factors, such as positive outcome, statistical significance and study size is known as publication bias. If publication bias is present, any clinical decision based on a review of the published work will also be biased. Publication bias has been shown in various specialties, based on review of publication rates for abstracts presented at major scientific meetings. This study was conducted to investigate publication bias in orthopaedics. Methods: Abstracts presented at the 1998 Australian Orthopaedic Association Annual Scientific Meeting were reviewed independently by two reviewers. Details of sample size, study setting, country of origin, outcome and study type were recorded for each abstract. Publication within 5 years was ascertained by electronic searching of Medline and Embase databases and direct author contact. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of publication. Results: The overall publication rate was 31%. Publication was more likely if the study was a laboratory study, rather than a clinical study (odds ratio (OR), 3.45; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.69–7.01, P < 0.001). Sample size, country of origin, study type, statistical significance and positive outcome were not significantly associated with publication. Conclusion: According to this study, laboratory studies were significantly more likely to be published than clinical studies. In contrast to previous studies, publication bias due to the selective publication of papers with a positive outcome or those reporting statistical significance was not found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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22. Dieting and health in young Australian women<FNR>*</FNR><FN>Sections of this paper were presented at the Challenge the Body Culture Conference, Brisbane, Australia, 7 September 1997. </FN>.
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Kenardy, Justin, Brown, Wendy J., and Vogt, Emma
- Subjects
- *
REDUCING diets , *YOUNG women , *MENTAL health , *EATING disorders , *HEALTH - Abstract
This paper examines the prevalence of dieting behaviours and correlates with physical and mental health in young Australian women who are participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health. A total of 14 686 women aged 18–23 years, randomly selected from the National Medicare database, with over-sampling from rural and remote areas, responded to a questionnaire seeking dieting and health information. The results showed that 66.5 percent of the women had a BMI within the healthy weight range (18– < 25 kg/m[sup 2] ). However only 21.6 percent of these women were happy with their weight and almost half (46 percent) had dieted to lose weight in the last year (also one in five who had a BMI < 18.5 kg/m[sup 2] ). High frequency of dieting (rather than dieting per se) and earlier dieting onset were associated with poorer physical and mental health (including depression), more disordered eating (bingeing and purging), extreme weight and shape dissatisfaction and more frequent general health problems. The results suggest that there is a need for programmes that will enhance self esteem and weight/shape acceptance and promote more appropriate strategies for maintenance of healthy weight. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
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23. Plenary speaker papers (in program order).
- Subjects
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DIETITIANS' associations , *LECTURE method in teaching , *NUTRITION - Abstract
The article presents abstracts on nutritional topics which include the competition faced by the Accredited Practising Dietitians (APDs), challenges for public health nutrition and nutrition support strategies in dementia care.
- Published
- 2014
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24. Continuities and change in skilled work: a comparison of five paper manufacturing plants in the UK, Australia and the USA.
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Penn, Roger and Scattergood, Hilda
- Subjects
- *
SKILLED labor , *LABOR , *MANUAL labor , *DIFFERENTIATION (Sociology) , *SOCIAL change , *INDUSTRIES - Abstract
This paper involves an examination of skilled manual work in the modern paper industry. The data were collected at five mills in three countries -- the UK, Australia and the USA. The questions were formulated in order to probe four theories of skilled work. The results suggest that the distinction between skilled and nonskilled work is a fundamental feature of occupational differentiation in all five plants. They also reveal that there are intra-skilled conflicts over relative pay and demarcation lines and that these are affected by the wider socio-political environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Efficacy of labile carbon addition to reduce fast‐growing, invasive non‐native plants: A review and meta‐analysis.
- Author
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Ossanna, Lia Q. R. and Gornish, Elise S.
- Subjects
INVASIVE plants ,CHEATGRASS brome ,NATIVE plants ,WEED control ,WEEDS ,SOIL amendments ,GRASSLAND soils ,ARID regions ,COST analysis - Abstract
Elevated soil nitrogen (N) resulting from pollution, fertilizer and woody encroachment in grasslands enhances invasion pressures from weedy plant species. Sawdust, sucrose and other labile carbon (C) sources can be used as a soil amendment to combat the growth of fast‐growing, invasive non‐native plants by immobilizing soil N.Here, we present a systematic review of 83 publications, and a meta‐analysis from 48 publications. Using hierarchical mixed‐effects meta‐analytic models, we synthesized 655 responses from native plants and 486 responses from non‐native weeds to quantify the overall effect of C addition. We explored the possible explanations for variation in effect, such as differences in study conditions and how C was applied.Carbon addition studies were almost exclusively reported from the United States, Australia and Canada (93%). The majority of papers (63%) did not include any cost information.Overall, C addition significantly decreased non‐native weed abundance, but did not significantly affect native plant abundance. A C application rate of at least 210 g C m−2 year−1 (5 Mg sucrose ha−1 year−1 or 4.6 Mg sawdust ha−1 year−1) decreased non‐native weed abundance, but a rate of 2110–3000 g C m−2 year−1 (50–71 Mg sucrose ha−1 year−1 or 46–65 Mg sawdust ha−1 year−1) was required to significantly increase native plant abundance. Carbon addition was most effective in the western USA and southeastern Australia, and when used to suppress non‐native grasses (annual or perennial) and annual forbs. Simultaneous seeding of native species prevented an overall decrease in native plant abundance.Synthesis and application. When there is a nearby and inexpensive source of C available, we recommend C addition with simultaneous seeding of native species to control invasive non‐native grasses and annual forbs in semi‐arid and arid regions of the western USA and southeast Australia. In contrast to other weed control measures, especially herbicide, C addition does not significantly harm native perennial plants. Future studies should implement longer‐term monitoring, establish larger plots and include cost analysis to improve guidance for land managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Creating relationship‐based practice in youth employment services—Converting policy intentions to practical program design.
- Author
-
Meltzer, Ariella, Ramia, Ioana, Moffatt, Jennifer, and Powell, Abigail
- Subjects
SOCIAL services ,YOUTH employment ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,HUMAN services - Abstract
Relationship‐based practice refers to approaches within human services which centralise inter‐personal relationships—either those between clients and workers or between clients and their own network—as a way to achieve positive service outcomes. Relationship‐based practice is increasingly recognised as a critical component in many areas of human services, particularly youth services. Despite increasing policy intentions for programs to adopt a relationship‐based approach, it is not always clear how services can implement this in practice. While relationship‐based skill training can be offered to individual workers, a question remains as to what can be done at an organisational and policy level to cultivate relationship‐based practice. Within this context, this paper explores how programs can be designed to foster relationship‐based practice. The paper draws on the evaluation of an intensive and tailored service for addressing long‐term youth unemployment in Australia: the your job your way pilot program run by yourtown. A key success of the program was strong relationship‐based practice, and this paper explores five features of the program's design that enabled this: (1) small caseloads, (2) intensive support, (3) staff with complementary skills and a professional and 'youth friendly' demeanour, (4) staff discretion about some aspects of program implementation, and (5) support delivered through social and group activities. The paper draws implications for how service provider organisations and governments can cultivate relationship‐based practice in human services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Concurrent session papers (in alphabetical order by presenting author).
- Subjects
- *
DIETETICS , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *SOCIETIES ,DIETETICS research - Abstract
The article presents concurrent session abstracts which include benefits of medical nutrition therapy in improving intake in patients who eat poorly in hospitals, shortfalls in malnutrition coding, and challenges of achieving patient and carer involvement in clinical handover.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Definitions and conceptual frameworks for public health and community nutrition: A discussion paper.
- Author
-
Hughes, Roger and Somerset, Shawn
- Subjects
- *
NUTRITION , *PUBLIC health - Abstract
Presents a paper which brought together a range of frameworks to categorize and differentiate the various nutrition service domains in Australia. Reason why defining and conceptualizing public health and community nutrition in an Australian context are important; Differences in conceptual frameworks.
- Published
- 1997
29. Resuscitation skills for radiologists: A short paper.
- Author
-
Pitman, A. G., Van Dijk, J., and Cunningham, N. J.
- Subjects
- *
RESUSCITATION , *RADIOLOGISTS , *ANAPHYLAXIS , *CARDIAC arrest - Abstract
The radiologist is likely to be the first medical practitioner on the scene for contrast reactions, anaphylaxis and other common medical emergencies that occur in radiology departments and stand-alone practices. Until 2007, the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) did not provide resuscitation training as a CPD service for fellows, and the need for such a service has not been gauged. In 2007, the authors ran the first RANZCR large-group resuscitation refresher training workshop at the Melbourne 2007 annual scientific meeting. The workshop maximized audience participation and knowledge transfer in a constrained time, disseminated guidelines, and collected feedback on the need for further resuscitation training for radiologists. Of the 100 feedback forms, 82 were returned. All the 82 responses wanted the workshop repeated at future annual scientific meetings, and 71 wanted RANZCR to provide hands-on refresher training. Sixty-six responders indicated when they had their most recent resuscitation training: six in the past 12 months, 25 in the past 3 years and 35 longer than 3 years. Sixty-nine responded on availability of resuscitation training at their workplace: 33 indicated ‘Yes’ and 36 ‘No’. There is a definite need to provide resuscitation training for radiologists in Australia. At the end of this article, we reproduce the currently applicable guidelines as a service to our readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Contributed Papers Climatic Suitability, Life-History Traits, Introduction Effort, and the Establishment and Spread of Introduced Mammals in Australia.
- Author
-
FORSYTH, DAVID M., DUNCAN, RICHARD P., BOMFORD, MARY, and MOORE, GEOFF
- Subjects
- *
BIOLOGICAL invasions , *ANIMAL introduction , *ZOOGEOGRAPHY , *MAMMALS , *ANIMAL populations - Abstract
Major progress in understanding biological invasions has recently been made by quantitatively comparing successful and unsuccessful invasions. We used such an approach to test hypotheses about the role of climatic suitability, life history, and historical factors in the establishment and subsequent spread of 40 species of mammal that have been introduced to mainland Australia. Relative to failed species, the 23 species that became established had a greater area of climatically suitable habitat available in Australia, had previously become established elsewhere, had a larger overseas range, and were introduced more times. These relationships held after phylogeny was controlled for, but successful species were also significantly more likely to be nonmigratory. A forward-selection model included only two of the nine variables for which we had data for all species: climatic suitability and introduction effort. When the model was adjusted for phylogeny, those same two variables were included, along with previous establishment success. Of the established species, those with a larger geographic range size in Australia had a greater area of climatically suitable habitat, had traits associated with a faster population growth rate (small body size, shorter life span, lower weaning age, more offspring per year), were nonherbivorous, and had a larger overseas range size. When the model was adjusted for phylogeny, the importance of climatic suitability and the life-history traits remained significant, but overseas range size was no longer important and species with greater introduction effort had a larger geographic range size. Two variables explained variation in geographic range size in a forward-selection model: species with smaller body mass and greater longevity tended to have larger range sizes in Australia. These results mirror those from a recent analysis of exotic-bird introductions into Australia, suggesting that, at least among vertebrate taxa, similar factors predict establishment and spread. Our approach and results are being used to assess the risks of exotic vertebrates becoming established and spreading in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Enduring Tensions in the 2000 Defence White Paper.
- Author
-
O'Keefe, Michael
- Subjects
- *
MILITARY policy , *NATIONAL security , *GOVERNMENT policy , *PRIME ministers - Abstract
In 2000 the Howard government formed a consultative committee to review defence policy and gauge public opinion on defence issues. It concentrated on the impact of budgetary stringency and dramatic strategic change and supported increased defence spending on equipment to cater for high-level threats. Was there a thorough review? Inconsistencies occurred in the reports developed from the review and statements made by senior policy-makers while it was being conducted. The way the review was undertaken points to conceptual tensions in Australia's strategic culture and serious problems with entrenched interests in the services. Unless these challenges are addressed, a thorough review of defence policy cannot be undertaken. The review process itself needs to be reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. RESEARCH PAPER Adequacy of support for new graduates during their transition into the workplace: A Queensland, Australia study.
- Author
-
Parker, Victoria, Plank, Ashley, and Hegney, Desley
- Subjects
- *
NURSING , *WORK environment - Abstract
In 2001, a study into issues of concern to assistant-in-nursing, registered and enrolled nurse members of the Queensland Nurses Union was undertaken. Approximately equal numbers of nurses from each of the aged care, acute private and acute public sectors were surveyed. Overall, 1477 nurses responded, representing a response rate of 53%. This article focuses on one aspect of the study—the perceived adequacy of support offered to new nursing graduates as they exit university and begin their transition into the workplace. In particular, responses from nurses are compared with professional level or current role designation, age, time spent in the workplace and health sector. Considerable divergence of opinion among the respondents, particularly across designation, age and years of experience, was found within the three sectors. For example, in the public and private employment sectors, older and more experienced nurses were more likely to perceive the support for new nurses as adequate compared to younger and less experienced nurses. Additionally, in the acute private sector, the more senior the nurse the more likely the perception that there was adequate preparation for new graduates entering the workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Occupational therapy in Australian residential aged care facilities: A systematic mapping review.
- Author
-
Calderone, Lora, Bissett, Michelle, and Molineux, Matthew
- Subjects
CINAHL database ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,HOSPITAL medical staff ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,SCHOLARSHIPS ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,RESIDENTIAL care ,MEDICAL practice ,MEDLINE ,ELDER care ,LOBBYING - Abstract
Introduction: Australia's population is ageing, resulting in more older adults living in residential aged care facilities. Occupational therapy scope of practice in Australian residential aged care facilities is significantly influenced by the government funding instrument. As the current government funding instrument is administratively inefficient, insufficiently discriminates between residents' care needs and provides perverse incentives, a new funding model is set to be implemented. This creates an opportunity for a review of the current evidence base to support the lobbying of national associations to shape occupational therapy practice. The research question that guided this systematic mapping review was as follows: What is the current state of scholarship about occupational therapy in Australian residential aged care facilities? Methods: A search of four databases (CINAHL, Medline, Embase and Scopus) was conducted and 1,617 papers were identified. All papers were screened through a two‐phase process: (i) title and abstract review and (ii) full text review, using pre‐determined inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify papers relevant to this review. A data extraction tool was designed in Microsoft Excel® and was used to extract data from the included papers. Results: Twelve Australian articles were published between 1986 and 2020, most frequently authored by an occupational therapist. Included articles were classified into four groups: articles including occupational therapists as participants, articles about occupational therapy practice, articles exploring an occupational perspective of residents and articles with limited exploration of occupational therapy. Conclusion: This review identified that there is a dearth of Australian occupational therapy literature. This creates challenges for occupational therapists seeking evidence to guide their practice to optimise resident health and well‐being and for national associations seeking to lobby for the profession. Consequently, there is a crucial need to develop the evidence base to support the profession within this practice setting and, ultimately, residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Product Market Competition and its Implications for the Australian Economy*.
- Author
-
Hambur, Jonathan
- Subjects
TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,ECONOMIC competition ,MARKET power - Abstract
This paper documents firm mark‐ups and competition in Australia, and their impact on productivity, using administrative data. I find that mark‐ups increased by around 5 per cent since the mid 2000s, less than previously documented for Australia and slightly less than documented for the average advanced economy. While part appears to reflect technological change, part appears to reflect an increase in market power. This increase appears to explain part of the slowdown in productivity growth observed in Australia over the past decade, by slowing the efficient reallocation of resources from low productivity to high productivity firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Antipodean agricultural and resource economics at 60: Trends in topics, authorship and collaboration.
- Author
-
Polyakov, Maksym, Gibson, Fiona L., and Pannell, David J.
- Subjects
AGRICULTURAL research ,AGRICULTURAL economics ,AGRICULTURAL development ,AUTHORSHIP collaboration ,CITATION analysis - Abstract
This study presents results of an analysis of 1060 academic articles published in the Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics and the Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics from 1957 to 2015. Trends in research topics over time identified by the study include a decline in research on agricultural topics offset by growth in publications related to natural resources, the environment, trade, food and international development. Other trends include an increase in the average number of co-authors on each paper, a gradual increase in authorship by females, changes in the shares of top contributing institutions, increases in collaboration between institutions and a steady increase in the number of authors from outside Australia or New Zealand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Poster Presentations - Free Papers.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,GERIATRICS ,POSTERS - Abstract
The article presents conference papers related to medical studies presented at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian and New Zealand Society for Geriatric Medicine to be held in Cairns, Queensland from June 1-3, 2016. Topics include a study on benefits of advance care planning on nursing home residents, other on associations between markers of cellular senescence and chronological age and a study on complications of carotid endarterectomy from lower cranial nerve injuries.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. POSTER PRESENTATION -- FREE PAPERS.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ELDER care ,AGING - Abstract
The article discusses the highlights of the poster presentations at the 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting Organising Committee held in Sydney, New South Wales in Australia. Topics covered include fractured neck of femur pathway, co-development of a model of care for a multidisciplinary memory clinic in South Western Sydney, and evaluation of patient and carer perceptions towards enteral tube feeding in hip fracture inpatients.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Stock Markets and Competition: What Does A Concentrated Stock Market Tell Us About Competition In The Economy?
- Subjects
STOCK exchanges ,INDUSTRIAL concentration ,MARKET design & structure (Economics) ,MARKETING research ,VOLATILITY (Securities) - Abstract
The paper presents analysis of market concentration in Australia's stock market and explores what this might tell us about the state of competition in the real economy. It finds that, on most measures, Australia's stock market is highly concentrated but is becoming less concentrated over time. Many studies, including leading books on competition policy, have used stock market concentration as a proxy for market concentration in the economy, usually due to data constraints. The paper warns against this. Using the stock market for competition analysis incorrectly defines markets and competition, excludes most competitors, ignores important market dynamics and leads to erroneous results. Declining stock market concentration should not be taken as a sign that competition in the economy is improving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Overview of hydrogen economy in Australia.
- Author
-
Kar, Sanjay Kumar, Sinha, Akhoury Sudhir Kumar, Bansal, Rohit, Shabani, Bahman, and Harichandan, Sidhartha
- Subjects
HYDROGEN economy ,HYDROGEN production ,RENEWABLE natural resources ,SYSTEM integration ,DOMESTIC markets ,HYDROGEN as fuel - Abstract
The hydrogen economy is on the verge of expansion across the globe. Leading economies like Japan, South Korea, China, the United States of America, Germany, and Australia are steadily pushing for greater hydrogen integration into their energy systems. Australia's thrust on the hydrogen economy becomes prominent with clear strategic actions to enhance clean technology‐based hydrogen production. The paper critically analyses Australia's strategies and policies to expand its hydrogen economy. The paper found that Australia fixed ambitious targets to increase hydrogen penetration in the domestic market and export to Japan, China, and South Korea. Australia's national hydrogen strategy emphasized creating a strong hydrogen value chain to capitalize on abundant renewable resources. This article affirms that Australia has enormous potential for cost‐competitive green hydrogen production and export. Australia's cost‐competitive green hydrogen production with modern supply chain infrastructure will offer competitive advantages over the other exporters. States/regions are trying to align their hydrogen policies and strategies along the lines of the national strategy. However, some concerns demand timely attention from the stakeholders. Australia should address multiple challenges, including a lack of investment, lower public awareness, and insufficient infrastructure to push hydrogen adoption in the domestic market. Further, Australia must utilize its strengths to take advantage of the emerging hydrogen markets in Japan, China, and South Korea. This article is categorized under:Sustainable Energy > Other RenewablesEmerging Technologies > Hydrogen and Fuel CellsPolicy and Economics > Regional and International Strategies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Weak Emission Standards and Australia's Low Takeup of Electric Vehicles.
- Author
-
Martin, Peter
- Subjects
EMISSION standards ,ELECTRIC vehicles ,CARBON emissions ,LEAD ,DEVELOPED countries - Abstract
Australia is unusual among developed countries both in lacking fleet‐wide vehicle carbon dioxide emission standards and in having a very low takeup of all‐electric vehicles. This paper outlines how fleet‐wide vehicle carbon dioxide emission standards operate and identifies mechanisms by which their absence might lead to a low takeup of electric vehicles in countries such as Australia. Although hard to verify one of those mechanisms in Australia (higher prices charged for all‐electric vehicles), it is easy to verify the unusually low number of models of all‐electric models made available for sale. The paper also outlines Australia's slow 15‐year journey towards standards, pointing to the possible role of political machinations and political caution in delaying their introduction. It identifies one group of employees with much to lose from a rapid uptake of electric vehicles—motor mechanics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Assessing adequacy of citizen science datasets for biodiversity monitoring.
- Author
-
Backstrom, Louis J., Callaghan, Corey T., Leseberg, Nicholas P., Sanderson, Chris, Fuller, Richard A., and Watson, James E. M.
- Subjects
BIODIVERSITY monitoring ,CITIZEN science ,POPULATION density - Abstract
Tracking the state of biodiversity over time is critical to successful conservation, but conventional monitoring schemes tend to be insufficient to adequately quantify how species' abundances and distributions are changing. One solution to this issue is to leverage data generated by citizen scientists, who collect vast quantities of data at temporal and spatial scales that cannot be matched by most traditional monitoring methods. However, the quality of citizen science data can vary greatly. In this paper, we develop three metrics (inventory completeness, range completeness, spatial bias) to assess the adequacy of spatial observation data. We explore the adequacy of citizen science data at the species level for Australia's terrestrial native birds and then model these metrics against a suite of seven species traits (threat status, taxonomic uniqueness, body mass, average count, range size, species density, and human population density) to identify predictors of data adequacy. We find that citizen science data adequacy for Australian birds is increasing across two of our metrics (inventory completeness and range completeness), but not spatial bias, which has worsened over time. Relationships between the three metrics and seven traits we modelled were variable, with only two traits having consistently significant relationships across the three metrics. Our results suggest that although citizen science data adequacy has generally increased over time, there are still gaps in the spatial adequacy of citizen science for monitoring many Australian birds. Despite these gaps, citizen science can play an important role in biodiversity monitoring by providing valuable baseline data that may be supplemented by information collected through other methods. We believe the metrics presented here constitute an easily applied approach to assessing the utility of citizen science datasets for biodiversity analyses, allowing researchers to identify and prioritise regions or species with lower data adequacy that will benefit most from targeted monitoring efforts. Citizen science data are increasingly being used to monitor biodiversity, but datasets produced by citizen scientists come with a number of well‐recognised challenges. In this paper, we develop several metrics to assess the adequacy of spatial observation data from citizen science projects and explore these metrics at the species level for Australia's terrestrial birds. We find that data adequacy for most Australian birds is increasing, but several gaps still remain in the spatial coverage of citizen science data across the Australian continent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. 'Keeping it real': A qualitative exploration of preferences of people with lived experience for participation and active involvement in mental health research in Australia.
- Author
-
Dray, Julia, Palmer, Victoria J., and Banfield, Michelle
- Subjects
PSYCHIATRY ,PATIENT participation ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,EXPERIENCE ,QUALITATIVE research ,INTELLECT ,RESEARCH funding ,THEMATIC analysis ,MENTAL illness ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress - Abstract
Background: Historically, researchers have been apt at conducting research on, rather than with, the people who are the focus of their efforts. Such approaches often fail to effectively support and benefit the populations they are intended to. This study aimed to explore the preferences of people with lived experience for engagement with research either as research participants within studies, or through active involvement in mental health research. Methods: Data for this paper were collected in three separate lived experience agenda‐setting studies conducted over a 9‐year period from 2013 to 2022; two group discussions and an open‐ended online survey. Data were combined and thematic analysis undertaken. Results: Participants described the inclusion of lived experience as a critical ingredient and the highest level of knowledge and expertise in mental health research that should lead to knowledge generation and research agendas. Participants discussed the importance and value of research that enables sharing experiences and stories, expressed a need for flexibility in research methods for choice and agency, and support for greater active involvement of people with lived experience across all stages of research. Participants also spoke to the need for perspective and knowledge generated from people with lived experience to have equal power in research, making space for lived experience voices across multiple aspects of research, and greater respect and recognition of the value of lived experience. Conclusion: Lived experience in mental health research is coming of age, but dedicated, cocreated development is needed to get it right. People with lived experience increasingly understand the value their experiential knowledge brings to the mental health research effort, and describe a wide range of ways that researchers can support them to be research participants, and to get actively involved. Power‐sharing, respect and recognition of lived experience as central to effective mental health research are the keys to 'keeping it real'. Patient or Public Contribution: People with lived experience of mental health problems or distress either personally, and/or as carers, family and kinship group members, were involved in the coideation and codesign of this research. All authors identify as people with lived experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. INTRODUCTING CRITICALLY APPRAISED PAPERS: PURPOSE AND PROCEDURES.
- Author
-
Bennett, Sally, McCluskey, Annie, and Wallen, Margaret
- Subjects
MEDICAL publishing ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy - Abstract
Introduces the Critically Appraised Papers department of the 'Australian Occupational Therapy Journal.' Provision of one-page summaries of quantitative and qualitative research relevant to occupational therapy clinical practice; Citing of critically appraised papers; Contact information.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A Reflection on the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey.
- Author
-
Richardson, Sue
- Subjects
HOUSEHOLD surveys ,PUBLIC records ,WORKING papers ,LABOR supply ,INCOME - Abstract
The article offers a reflection on the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey. This panel dataset produced over 300 journal articles, about 30 books and book chapters and multiple public reports and working papers in 10 years. The survey covers the population's labor force, health status, income and family structures. The Commonwealth Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs created the HILDA Survey in 2000.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Two new position papers released.
- Subjects
AUTOMOBILE driving ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy assistants ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy services ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
The article reports that the periodical has announced public release of position papers as part of the work of its National Practice and Standards Reference Group related to occupational therapy and driver assessment and support of allied health assistants towards occupational therapy practice.
- Published
- 2015
46. Accounting and Accountability in Fiji: A Review and Synthesis.
- Author
-
Sharma, Umesh and An, Yi
- Subjects
ACCOUNTING ,SMALL business ,CORPORATION reports ,ACCOUNTING education ,DEVELOPMENT banks - Abstract
Abstract: This paper reviews accounting and accountability research in Fiji. The review is based on 47 papers published since 1978 in accounting refereed journals, professional journals, edited book chapters and theses and other refereed journals outside accounting. In addition to categorisation of the reviewed papers according to accounting topics, theories and methods of data collection, some themes to which the papers could be related are discussed. Financial reporting/accountability research is the most popular research in Fiji followed by new public management research, with sustainability accounting research the third most popular. The paper's findings suggest some directions for future accounting research in Fiji and where the data can possibly be sourced for such research. We conclude that more research is needed in the Fijian context that focuses on accounting and the state, performance auditing, indigenous accounting, SMEs and accountability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Introduction to a virtual issue on the geographies of migration.
- Author
-
Yeoh, Brenda S. A.
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,POPULATION geography ,RURALITY ,AMENITY migration ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
[ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Evidence‐informed Approach to Setting Standards: A Discussion on the Research Strategies of AASB and AUASB.
- Author
-
Garg, Mukesh, Peach, Kris, and Simnett, Roger
- Subjects
AUDITING standards ,FINANCIAL statements ,ACCOUNTING standards ,CAPITAL market ,SCIENTIFIC community - Abstract
Copyright of Australian Accounting Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Focus: Plant sciences in Korea.
- Author
-
Hyung-Taeg Cho
- Subjects
PERIODICALS ,RESEARCH ,PAPER ,SCIENCE - Abstract
The article reflects on the issue on plant science in Korea. It reveals that the theory on country's scientific focus was not transparent to the people involved in the research. It presents an analysis with the participation of top ten countries including Northern America, Europe, Japan, and Australia. It succumbs that the countries in Asia are smaller than those mentioned above with respect to research publication other than Japan. It explains that Korea and China have increased the number of papers being published annually which out put is equaled with Brazil.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Academic dermatology in Australia and New Zealand between 2017 and 2022: A cross‐sectional bibliometric analysis.
- Author
-
Pham, James P., Yang, Anes, and Frew, John W.
- Subjects
BIBLIOMETRICS ,BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases ,CROSS-sectional method ,DERMATOLOGY ,ONE-way analysis of variance ,COLLEGE graduates - Abstract
Introduction: Academic dermatologists in Australia and New Zealand provide high‐quality and meaningful contributions to the understanding of disease and therapeutic translational research. Concerns have been raised by the Australian Medical Association regarding the decline of clinical academics in Australia as a whole, however, such trends in scholarly output have not previously been analysed for Australasian dermatologists. Methods: A bibliometric analysis of dermatologists in Australia and New Zealand was conducted in January and February 2023. Available Scopus profiles for all dermatologists were used to measure lifetime H index, scholarly output, citation counts and field‐weighted citation impact (FWCI) in the last 5 years (2017–2022). Trends in output over time were measured using non‐parametric tests. Differences in output between subgroups stratified by gender and academic leadership positions (associate professor or professor) were measured using Wilcoxon rank‐sum and one‐way ANOVA tests. The scholarly output of recent College graduates was also analysed as a subgroup, comparing the same bibliographic variables in the 5 years preceding and 5 years following awarding of their fellowships. Results: From the 463 practising dermatologists in Australia and New Zealand, 372 (80%) were successfully matched to Scopus researcher profiles. Of these dermatologists, 167 were male (45%) and 205 (55%) were female, and 31 (8%) held academic leadership positions. Most dermatologists (67%) published at least one paper in the last 5 years. The median lifetime H index was 4, and between 2017 and 2022 median scholarly output was 3, the median citations were 14 and the median FWCI was 0.64. There was a non‐significant trend towards fewer publications per year, however, citation count and FWCI decreased significantly. By subgroups, female dermatologists published significantly more papers between 2017 and 2022, and other bibliographic variables were comparable to male dermatologists. However, women were underrepresented in positions of academic leadership—comprising only 32% of this cohort despite representing 55% of dermatologists. Professors were also significantly more likely to have higher bibliographic outcomes than associate professors. Finally, analysis of recent College graduates highlighted a significant decline in bibliometric outcomes pre‐ and post‐fellowship. Conclusion: Overall, our analysis identifies a trend towards decreased research output by dermatologists in Australia and New Zealand in the last 5 years. Strategies to support dermatologists in research endeavours, particularly women and recent graduates, will be essential in maintaining strong scholarly output among Australasian dermatologists and thereby sustaining optimal evidence‐based patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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