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Introduction: Due to the significant burden associated with mental disorders that have their onset in youth, there is a critical need to improve treatments and treatment outcomes. Given the evidence for physical activity (PA) as an effective intervention for reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in young people, we examined young people's attitudes towards and acceptability of PA as part of mental health treatment, predictors of current engagement in PA and predictors of attitudes towards PA as a treatment option., Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were 88 young people (15-25 years) who were engaged in treatment at youth mental health services in Melbourne, Australia., Results: Young people's attitudes towards PA as a treatment option were generally positive. The acceptance of PA as a treatment option was predicted by fewer perceived barriers and more benefits to exercise, higher autonomous motivation and lower amotivation; whereas, the only significant predictor of current engagement in PA was autonomous motivation., Discussion: The integration of PA interventions within mental health treatment appears to be acceptable to young people; however, acceptance of PA as a treatment option is influenced by perceived barriers and benefits of PA and autonomous motivation. A focus on increasing autonomous motivation by enhancing the perceived value of PA and choosing preference-based, enjoyable activities may assist in addressing the complex range of factors that impact the ability of these young people to become more physically active. Addressing these factors may assist with implementing PA interventions within psychological treatments for mental disorders., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

Dual careers (DCs) are challenging trajectories followed by athletes willing to develop their academic/professional career with their athletic careers. These trajectories usually entail additional stressors, which can decrease athletes' mental health or even increase their risk of mental ill‐health. While existing research has recognized the importance of psychological and social factors in both of these areas separately, we lack systematic knowledge on which factors are associated with European DC athlete mental health outcomes, making evidence‐based practice more challenging. In this regard, to advance the European DC tradition and to provide a strong base for researchers and practitioners working within this field, this systematic review aims to appraise this evidence identifying and categorizing the psychological and social factors associated with the European DC athletes' mental health. We conducted this review according to Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis guidelines and performed the systematic search in six databases, finding 56 eligible articles. Our analysis identified 35 different psychological and social factors, most showing significant associations with athletes' mental health. Notably, affect, stress, motivational climate, mindfulness, resilience, perfectionism, goal orientation, motivation, and basic psychological need satisfaction showed the strongest evidence associated with mental health. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive synthesis of psychological and social factors, advancing the holistic ecological approach in dual careers and athlete mental health. Yet, our results highlight the need to strengthen the evidence regarding these factors and provide specific research avenues, such as focus on DC‐specific factors and consideration of DC athlete definition and career trajectories. Highlights: Our systematic review analyzed the psychological and social factors affecting European dual career (DC) athletes' mental health, yielding 56 relevant articles.We identified 35 distinct factors, organized into four psychological (Identity, Expectations, and Beliefs; Emotional and Affective Responses; Motivation and Goal‐oriented Behavior; and Competencies and Coping Resources) and three social categories (Sport and Academic Climates; DC‐Specific Demands; and Interactions with DC Agents). We narratively developed each category and synthesized the findings into a DC development environment working model.Our findings illustrate nine factors with the most robust associations with mental health. For future research, we emphasize the need for more detailed characterizations of DC athletes, deeper explorations of DC competencies, and a focus on longitudinal and replication studies to enhance our understanding of DC mental health in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Integrated youth services are an emerging delivery model in Canada that addresses siloed and fragmented youth mental health and other services. Youth engagement is viable for developing integrated youth services when purposefully built. However, it is not always clear how youth are involved in service transformation as decision‐makers, and it requires an exploration of how to work with youth authentically and intentionally in the codesign process. Methods: This study reflects on the development of HOMEBASE, a network of integrated youth service delivery in Saskatchewan, Canada, and documents the process of actively and authentically engaging with youth through distributive leadership in the codesign process. Findings: Youth are actively and eagerly willing to participate in the codesign process of developing integrated services when there is a shared responsibility, and they are authentically involved and informed within the decision‐making process. This requires time to form trust, build relationships and provide youth with low‐pressure environments to foster healthy debates. Conclusion: By utilizing a distributive leadership approach, the Youth Codesign Team has been engaged in various levels of decision‐making. By following these guiding principles, policymakers, youth development workers and researchers can engage youth in meaningful ways to improve the design and development of integrated care. Patient or Public Contribution: Five youths from the HOMEBASE Provincial Youth Co‐Design Team collaborated in writing this article based on their experiences of being engaged at varying levels of decision‐making in a distributive leadership approach to building integrated youth services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Little is known about the co‐occurrence of nonsuicidal self‐injurious (NSSI) behaviors and eating disorder (ED) pathology in community samples of adolescents. Methods: A total of 1558 Norwegian upper secondary school students (Grades 11, 12, and 13) completed the Deliberate Self‐Harm Inventory and a measure of ED pathology. Results: Adolescents (53.1% F, 46.9% M) were a mean age of 17.1 years. A higher level of ED pathology was reported (12.1 vs. 5.3, p <.001) among adolescents who had a history of NSSI. Significantly higher levels of ED pathology were found among females who reported hitting themselves until bruised, head banging, severe scratching, and burning with a lighter, but not cutting, or the other forms of self‐injury. Of adolescents with a history of NSSI, 60% of females and 15% of males scored above a cutoff for ED pathology. Of adolescents scoring above a cutoff for ED pathology, 42.5% of females and 37.1% of males had engaged in lifetime NSSI. Discussion: Adolescents—in particular, females— with a history of NSSI reported significantly greater ED pathology. Notably, a higher proportion of males with ED pathology reported lifetime self‐injury than vice versa, underscoring the importance of carefully screening for the presence of self‐harm among males with ED pathology. Public Significance Statement: Over 1500 upper secondary school students with an average age of 17 years completed an online survey assessing current ED pathology and lifetime NSSI. Adolescents, particularly females, with a history of self‐harm reported significantly more ED pathology. Findings also indicated the need to carefully screen for self‐harm among males with ED pathology. Parents, schools, and health professionals should be aware that self‐harm and ED pathology commonly co‐occur and warrant assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the UK, it is envisaged that Early Intervention Services will be developed nation-wide by 2004 and these are expected to adhere to a strict model of service structure and provision. This uniform approach seems to lack the flexibility required to cater for local needs. Therefore, it would appear more appropriate to develop Early Intervention Services based on assessments of first-episode psychosis (FEP) within the context of the local mental health economy and current service provision. A survey of FEP cases within South and West London revealed that existing mental health services were unable to adequately provide specialist care to this client group. As a result, it was decided to set up a tertiary service to provide comprehensive care to FEP patients based within the community. This package comprises assertive engagement, intensive keyworker support, atypical antipsychotics, psychosocial interventions, specialist psychological treatments, occupational therapy and educational/vocational rehabilitation. An ongoing evaluation of this specially tailored service is being conducted, focussing on patient characteristics, pathways to care, service delivery, patient outcomes and patient, carer and referrer satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives A questionnaire was administered with an aim to assess the attitudes of mental health clinicians towards the adoption of an early intervention approach and to monitor attitudinal change during the introduction of this approach. Method The perceptions of Early Psychosis Intervention (PEPI) questionnaire was developed and then completed by clinicians at three time points over 4 years during the introduction of a best practice early intervention approach ( n=143, 178, 102, respectively). Results Indicate that at all three time points clinicians generally agreed with the potential advantages of early intervention but were unsure about their own readiness to implement such intervention. Responses to an open-ended question regarding concerns about the new approach indicated a positive shift up the developmental process of change, from initial concerns about personal skills, resources and workload, to a gradually more specific focus on particular aspects of clinical interventions and on the impact of the new approach. Conclusions Our services have introduced early psychosis intervention. Clinicians have moved up the developmental process of change. The questionnaire has provided a means for clinicians to influence the change process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The self-organized house (SOH) is a resident structure with light outpatient assistance. We have had a long time experience of these structures in the rehabilitation treatment of chronic psychotics. Our more recent experience is to use these kind of structure for the early treatment, in the subacute phases. The patient is treated for several years, separated and protected from his family. Family therapy is started later. The flexibility of protection, therapies, and social committments allow a different perspective in the treatment of early psychosis. Several single cases, and study on a small sample group are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The project aims to create a process model for dealing with mental health issues within secondary education. This will be achieved by creating clearer and more efficient pathways into appropriate care and equipping staff with the knowledge and skills to enable fast referral or to support young people within the educational institution. Initial components of the project include meeting with key individuals in schools, college and community to identify core issues in relation to the mental health of young people. Service mapping: youth services/projects within the city which may impact or be an added resource to the project through partnership working. Planning and delivery of training package (cascade model) to school/college staff. Development of a mental health promotion programme in partnership with NHS Mental Health Promotion Department. Development of referral procedures: mental health practitioner and educational psychologists attending in school resource meetings in consultancy capacity with referral onto appropriate agency if necessary. Piloting of referral and screening tools within educational establishments. Progress of the above as well as current and future developments will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to assess young people's mental health literacy in relation to psychosis and depression. It forms part of the baseline measure for the evaluation of a community awareness campaign called The Compass Strategy. A cross-sectional telephone survey using structured interviews was conducted. Vignettes of a person with either depression or psychosis were presented. The randomly selected sample was comprised of 1207 young people aged 12-25 from Melbourne and surrounding rural areas. Overall depression was far more frequently correctly identified than psychosis. A significantly higher proportion of females were able to correctly identify depression and psychosis. Counsellors, family members and friends were the preferred source of help overall followed by General Practitioners and Psychiatrists. However, there were significant differences between disorders in ranking of these sources of help. Vitamins and herbal treatments were rated as more helpful than antidepressants and antipsychotics. To increase early recognition of mental illness by the general public, efforts need to focus on improving knowledge of both signs and symptoms, and effectiveness of treatments. Family, friends and young males are particularly important targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the past 3 years, the Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA), a national voluntary organization, has coordinated an early psychosis intervention project intended to raise awareness, enhance family coping skills and promote the availability of and access to appropriate early psychosis services across Canada. Funded by Health Canada, this project has achieved breadth and depth of impact through Canada-wide networking and dissemination of resource materials coupled with targeted local-level activities at three CMHA sites. With a strong orientation toward increasing community capacity to understand, identify and respond to first episode psychosis, project activities have included: creating and broadly distributing print materials in English and French (hard copy and web) conducting educational workshops with community members and gatekeepers identifying advocacy opportunities and pursuing advocacy initiatives regarding policy and practice and supporting the development of first episode family networks across Canada and with them, creating and disseminating innovative family support resource materials. This poster session will present the process, products and outcomes of the project which can serve as a valuable model of a national level initiative and its evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data from the New York High-Risk Project were used to study prodromal symptoms in subjects age 9, years before some of them developed psychotic disorders. We rated thought disorder from videotaped interviews (total n=123). Previous analyses showed elevated scores in subjects with adulthood schizophrenia-related psychosis ( n=9), a group including individuals with schizophrenia (Sz, n=4) and schizoaffective disorder, mainly Sz (SAS, n=5). However, high scores were observed primarily in subjects with SAS. To examine whether there is an association of thought disorder with psychosis in combination with affective disturbance, we examined means of three patients with adulthood affective psychosis (AffP), and found that none exhibited thought disorder in childhood. Thus, thought disorder was not present in subjects with AffP, moderately so in those with Sz, and high in those with SAS. An interpretation of these results seems, considering the sample sizes, speculative, in spite of statistical significance. We were able to expand the sample to total n=255, with adulthood SRP n=14, and AffP n=9. We will present these analyses and further discuss thought disorder prior to affective and schizophrenia-related psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The realization of early detection and intervention programs needs to combine the preexisting mental health servicesorganization on the territory with modalities specific for professionals' competence, setting, procedures and attitude. Actually, services mostly function with current standard practices and professionals having different backgrounds: then they could be operatively and culturally revitalized by the link with a more focused, outreaching and research-oriented working style. The authors describe the organizational strategies to overcome the problems of connecting an ad hoc early detection and intervention Service, set up on a STAR-SHAPED MODEL, the core of which is a team acquired by counselling contracts, with the existing network of Psychiatric Services (4 CMHC, 2 Psychiatric Wards, 1 day Centre, 2 Residential Facilities) and Agencies of the area (GPs, Child Neuropsychiatry, Schools, etc.). In the next 3-year period (2002-2005) the increase of cases and the enlargement of the catchment area, making the system more complex, will require further adaptation and improvement of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We will present the demographics, quality of life, and illness characteristics of a group of patients with new-onset psychosis, assessed by the Early Detection and Intervention Programme of Psychosis (EDIPP), initiated 1 year ago by the Massachusetts Department of Mental Health (DMH), Southeastern Area. The EDIPP is conducted by the crisis team, which includes clinicians, nurses, and psychiatrists and serves a population of approximately half a million people. Patients diagnosed with new-onset psychosis (according to preset criteria) are referred for assessments, using the premorbid, quality of life, psychiatric, and cognitive evaluations. Up to 60% of patients cooperated with the follow up visits. A significant number of new-onset psychotic patients (up to 50%), however, could not be contacted by staff for follow-up, because during the crisis evaluation were sent to facilities outside the geographical area. Patients who cooperated with the follow-up appointments had significant support in the community,especially families who understood their illness. The high likelihood of noncompliance in patients with new-onset psychosis points to the need of integrated programmes that will address education and antistigma efforts in the community and provide sufficient therapeutic support. Such a programme needs to be based on a case-management system and cannot be successfully accomplished as part of an academic or private endeavour alone outside DMH guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]