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This paper argues that daily practices in the child welfare system in the urban United States contribute to the racialization-the process of creating and recreating racial groups, meanings, experiences, and inequalities-of African American communities. First, child welfare practices reinforce and legitimize views of poor women of color as irresponsible mothers and urban black communities and families as in need of state supervision. Second, the child welfare system plays an important role in the 'prison pipeline,' the interrelated factors that converge to make minority boys more likely to end up in prison. Child welfare is thus a key, yet relatively unexamined, set of state practices that perpetuates inequalities and recreates race. [Race; Racialization; Child Welfare; Urban United States; Prison Pipeline] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present social discord lends great support to Layton's insistence that inter-disciplinary scholarship regarding political and social spheres is of help to psychoanalysis. Layton's wish that social psychoanalysis need be part of mainstream psychoanalysis is a laudable and worthy one that warrants wide recognition for its significant contribution to interpretive thinking. Edited by Marianna Leavy-Sperounis, the first section covers the topic of what constitutes social psychoanalysis, and is followed by two sections addressing Layton's concept of a normative unconscious and neoliberal subjectivity in the United States. [Extracted from the article]

How do children in the U.S. represent the ideal society? A scientific understanding of how children engage in utopian thinking—and how their ideas relate to cross‐cultural standards developed by the United Nations—is potentially useful for the development of social movements aimed at progressive social change. In this article we report the results of group projects created by 56 fifth‐grade students (27 boys, 29 girls) in New York City who were instructed to work together in small groups to represent their ideal society of the future. We found that themes of economic prosperity and cultural sensitivity, especially the need to promote social and economic equality and to prevent discrimination and prejudice, were central to children's conceptions of the good society. On several major issues, the utopian societies that were proposed dovetailed with the sustainability development goals identified by the United Nations, especially 'Decent Work and Economic Growth', 'Reduced Inequality', and 'Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions'. The children were acutely aware of the need for environmental protection and climate action but understandably lacked a clear sense of how to provide 'Affordable and Clean Energy' and 'Clean Water and Sanitation' in their ideal societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This article explores racial disproportionality in criminal justice processing in an era of punitive criminal justice policies and mass incarceration. Using arrest data from New York State, the authors compare the racial disparity in prison sentencing with the disparity at arrest while controlling for crime type and criminal history of the arrest population. Findings show that the racial disparity in prison sentencing at the state level is established before courts begin criminal case proceedings. Scholars and policy makers interested in the sources of racial disparity in incarceration should concentrate on the processes that generate crime and arrests. However, a decrease in racial disparity at prison sentencing, relative to arrest, suggests that the practices of courtroom actors still merit scholarly attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]