144 results
Search Results
2. Islands in Europe: development of an island tourism multi-dimensional model (ITMDM).
- Author
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Chen, Rachel J. C.
- Subjects
SERVICE industries ,TOURISM ,ECONOMIC forecasting ,STRATEGIC planning ,ECONOMIC development ,MARKETING strategy ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,ECONOMIC statistics - Abstract
This paper introduces an island tourism multi-dimensional model. Its aim is to develop an approach for integrating quantitative models and qualitative techniques into a coherent and useful methodology. The island tourism multi-dimensional model is divided into several modules as presented in the paper. They include geographic information system applications, economic impact assessment, forecasting modeling, accessibility modeling, seasonality modeling and alternative modeling. Forecasting models, economic impact assessments and geographic information systems can be used to project forecasts and demonstrate sustainable and economic development issues. The paper demonstrates that the outcomes of the accessibility and seasonality modules can be used to generate strategic plans of marketing segments, service engagement and community involvement. It suggests that by using alternative modeling the output of quantitative analyses and the input of private, voluntary and public sectors at community, business and governmental levels can be integrated with each other. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Technological interdependence and regional growth in Europe: Proximity and synergy in knowledge spillovers.
- Author
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Basile, Roberto, Capello, Roberta, and Caragliu, Andrea
- Subjects
THEORY of knowledge ,EXTERNALITIES ,ECONOMIC development ,LITERATURE reviews ,EMPIRICAL research ,INDUSTRIAL productivity ,AUTOREGRESSION (Statistics) - Abstract
The economic growth literature suggests that knowledge spillovers are subject to distance decay effects. In this paper the main aim is to provide a theoretical framework and empirical evidence on the role played by other kinds of proximities, namely relational, social and technological proximity, in explaining productivity growth. Using a sample of 249 EU 27 NUTS 2 regions in the period 1990-2004, semiparametric spatial autoregressive models are estimated. Results provide evidence of a positive role of social and relational proximities as important channels of knowledge spillovers, and on the fact that, when simultaneously present, different kinds of proximities generate synergic effects on growth. Resumen La literatura sobre el crecimiento económico sugiere que los spillovers de conocimiento están sujetos a efectos de deterioro por distancia. El objetivo principal de este artículo es proporcionar un marco teórico y pruebas empíricas sobre el papel desempeñado por otros tipos de proximidades (relacional, social y tecnológica), a la hora de explicar el crecimiento de la productividad. Utilizando una muestra de 249 regiones NUTS 2 de la UE 27 para el período 1990-2004, se estiman modelos autorregresivos espaciales semiparamétricos. Los resultados aportan pruebas del papel positivo de las proximidades sociales y relacionales como canales importantes de spillovers de conocimientos, y del hecho de que, cuando se presentan simultáneamente, los diferentes tipos de proximidades generan efectos sinérgicos sobre el crecimiento. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Growth and disparities in Europe: Insights from a spatial growth model*.
- Author
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Sardadvar, Sascha
- Subjects
ENDOWMENTS ,ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMETRICS ,REGIONAL disparities ,ECONOMIC policy - Abstract
This paper provides a spatial neoclassical growth model for a system of N regional economies. Regional output growth is determined by interregional fixed capital relocations which depend on initial factor endowments as well as a region's relative location in space. The dynamics of the model are captured by a Taylor approximation, which provides a testable spatial econometric model specification that is applied for European regions on the NUTS 2 level. Both theoretical and empirical results show how relatively high human capital endowments are beneficial to growth if found within one region, but disadvantageous if found in neighbouring regions. Este artículo proporciona un modelo de crecimiento neo-clásico espacial para un sistema de N economías regionales. El crecimiento del producto regional viene determinado por deslocalizaciones interregionales de capital fijo que dependen de la dotación de factores inicial, así como de la relativa localización espacial de una región. Las dinámicas del modelo son capturadas mediante una aproximación de Taylor, que proporciona una especificación comprobable de modelo econométrico espacial que se aplica a regiones europeas a nivel NUTS 2. Tanto los resultados teoréticos como los empíricos muestran como las dotaciones relativamente elevadas de capital humano son ventajosas para el crecimiento cuando se concentran en una región, pero una desventaja si se encuentran en regiones vecinas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Europe's Growth Crisis: When and How Will It End?
- Author
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Salvatore, Dominick
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMIC recovery ,GLOBAL Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ,BRITISH withdrawal from the European Union, 2016-2020 ,ECONOMIC policy - Abstract
This paper analyses Europe's growth problem. Recovery from the recent global financial crisis and 'great recession' has been slower than after previous recessions in most advanced countries and areas, especially Europe. But the European growth problem is structural in character and it started much earlier. This paper analyses the structural causes of the European growth problem, evaluates the policies that Europe adopted to overcome it, and concludes that even with the appropriate policies, the prospects for accelerating growth in Europe will be difficult, especially in the context of Brexit and the slowdown of world growth in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The great transformation: From government-owned to foreign-controlled banking sectors.
- Author
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Bonin, John P. and Schnabel, Isabel
- Subjects
BANKING industry ,GOVERNMENT ownership ,FINANCIAL institutions ,TRANSITION economies ,HETEROGENEITY ,ECONOMETRICS ,ECONOMIC development - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Economic Sentiment and Yield Spreads in Europe.
- Author
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Ferreira, Eva, Martínez^Serna, M. Isabel, Navarro, Eliseo, and Rubio, Gonzalo
- Subjects
ECONOMIC forecasting ,ECONOMIC indicators ,ECONOMIC development ,INTEREST rates ,INVESTORS ,BUSINESS cycles ,FINANCIAL performance ,BUSINESS forecasting - Abstract
According to Harvey (1988) , the forecasting ability of the term spread on economic growth is due to the fact that interest rates reflect investors' expectations about the future economic situation when deciding their plans for consumption and investment. Past literature has used ex post data on output or consumption growth as proxies for their expected value. In this paper, we employ a direct measure of economic agents' expectations, the Economic Sentiment Indicator elaborated by the European Commission, to test this hypothesis. Our results indicate that a linear combination of European yield spreads explains a surprising 93.7\% of the variability of the Economic Sentiment Indicator. This ability of yield spreads to capture economic agent expectations may be the actual reason for the predictive power of yield spreads about future business cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Regional Externalities And Growth: Evidence From European Regions.
- Author
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Lopez-Bazo, Enrique, Vaya, Esther, and Artis, Manuel
- Subjects
EXTERNALITIES ,REGIONAL economics ,PRODUCTION (Economic theory) ,ECONOMIC development ,STAGNATION (Economics) ,ECONOMIC conditions in Europe - Abstract
This paper models externalities of production across regional economies. Under the assumption that knowledge diffuses without political or administrative barriers, we derive externalities that affect the steady state and the process of growth of each economy. The empirical counterpart of the reduced form equation summarizing the process of growth allows us to test for the presence of regional spillovers and to measure their magnitude. Our results for a sample of European regions show that spillovers are far from negligible, are robust to the consideration of variables within each region, and may cause nondecreasing returns at the spatial aggregate level. The paper also relates previous empirical evidence on spatial dependence in growth studies to the externalities modeled here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Borrowing size in networks of cities: City size, network connectivity and metropolitan functions in Europe.
- Author
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Meijers, Evert J., Burger, Martijn J., and Hoogerbrugge, Marloes M.
- Subjects
ECONOMIES of agglomeration ,URBANIZATION ,ECONOMIC development ,LITERARY recreations - Abstract
Copyright of Papers in Regional Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. From Demographic Dividend to Demographic Burden: The Impact of Population Ageing on Economic Growth in Europe.
- Author
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Van Der Gaag, Nicole and Beer, Joop
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics ,POPULATION & economics ,POPULATION aging ,ECONOMIC opportunities ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
In the coming years, the share of the working-age population in the total population will start to decline in all countries of the European Union. All other things remaining equal, this so-called demographic burden will have a downward effect on economic growth. This paper examines whether the Europe 2020 employment targets would be sufficient to compensate for the downward impact of demographic burden and whether the impact of demography on economic growth differs between EU countries and between urban and rural regions. The results show that raising employment rates to the Europe 2020 targets can restore positive opportunities for economic growth, but not in all countries and only to a limited extent. They also show that even though urban and rural regions differ in terms of population growth and growth of the working age population, the prospects for demographic burden are highly similar for both types of regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Tourism and regional growth in Europe.
- Author
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Paci, Raffaele and Marrocu, Emanuela
- Subjects
TOURISM ,INTERNATIONAL tourism ,ECONOMIC development ,GROSS domestic product ,PER capita - Abstract
Copyright of Papers in Regional Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Economic shocks and growth: Spatio-temporal perspectives on Europe's economies in a time of crisis.
- Author
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Doran, Justin and Fingleton, Bernard
- Subjects
ECONOMIC shock ,ECONOMIC development ,SPATIO-temporal variation ,VECTOR error-correction models ,VERDOORN law ,ECONOMETRIC models - Abstract
Copyright of Papers in Regional Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Territorial Patterns of Innovation and Economic Growth in European Regions.
- Author
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Capello, Roberta and Lenzi, Camilla
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,THEORY of knowledge ,RESEARCH & development - Abstract
This paper proposes the notion of territorial patterns of innovation as a new conceptualization to understand the relationship among knowledge, innovation, and economic growth at the regional level. The territorial patterns of innovation approach reject the simplistic view of an invention-innovation equivalence and advance alternative patterns, alternative ways in which knowledge and innovation can take place and mix in space. Each of them represents a different way of innovating, one not necessarily more efficient than the other. On the empirical ground, the paper demonstrates this statement for all NUTS2 regions of the 27 European Union states by showing that the efficiency in taking advantage of innovation does not only link to the strength of the local knowledge base; rather, territorial patterns of innovation characterized by relatively low knowledge intensity can be relatively more efficient in grasping and exploiting innovation returns for growing. Interesting policy implications can be drawn from the empirical analysis presented. If the results do not deny the importance of research and development ( R&D) activities for regional growth, and therefore the right focus put forward by the Europe 2020 on a 'smart growth' based on knowledge and innovation, they call for particular attention when the Europe 2020 goal is translated into a regional setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. A Constructive Critique of the Endogenous Development Approach in the European Support of Rural Areas.
- Author
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Margarian, Anne
- Subjects
RURAL development ,RURAL development -- Law & legislation ,ECONOMIC activity ,ECONOMIC development ,RURAL geography ,SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
In recent years, the endogenous development ( ED) approach has gained influence within the rhetoric of European rural development policies ( RP). This paper provides a fundamental critique of the approach and shows that neither the economic elements of RP in general nor ED in particular are targeted towards the specific economic needs and capabilities of rural areas. The second part of this paper consists of the search for possible alternative concepts for a more targeted and effective RP. Based on a synopsis of existing theories, an integrated approach is proposed that builds upon the different coordination mechanisms for economic activity suggested by different theories. The new, integrated perspective enables an economic characterisation of rural areas and indicates that the successful support of local coordination of economic activity is determined by specific local conditions. It also makes evident that localised approaches usually cannot compensate rural areas for the lack of agglomeration advantages. Therefore, programmes for the economic development of rural areas which support the local coordination of economic activity remain a second-best policy. As such, they do not free the state from policies of spatial redistribution if the political aim is the creation of comparable living conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Diffusion of a new intermediate product in a simple ‘classical‐Schumpeterian’ model.
- Author
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Haas, David
- Subjects
INTERMEDIATE goods ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMIC development ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) - Abstract
Abstract: This paper deals with the problem of new intermediate products within a simple model, where production is circular and goods enter into the production of other goods. It studies the process by which the new good is absorbed into the economy and the structural transformation that goes with it. By means of a long‐period method the forces of structural transformation are examined, in particular the shift of existing means of production towards the innovation and the mechanism of differential growth in terms of alternative techniques and their associated systems of production. We treat two important Schumpeterian topics: the question of technological unemployment and the problem of ‘forced saving’ and the related problem of an involuntary reduction of real consumption per capita. It is shown that both phenomena are potential by‐products of the transformation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The Role of Pre-Entry Experience of Firm Founders in Peripheral Regions: Routines, Business Contacts, and Local Starting Conditions.
- Author
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Habersetzer, Antoine
- Subjects
WORK experience (Employment) ,ECONOMIC development ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,ORGANIZATIONAL structure ,BUSINESS networks - Abstract
This paper investigates how spinoffs in peripheral regions can profit from the work experience of their founders. More specifically, it discusses which firm routines and business contacts entrepreneurs gather through their prior work experience, and how this experience influences the organizational structure and orientation of the newly founded firm. The transfer of capabilities from parent firm to spinoff has been identified as important aspect of industrial clustering, but empirical evidence from peripheral areas is still sparse. It compares 22 semi-structured interviews with founders of manufacturing firms from different peripheral regions in Switzerland to investigate whether routine and network transfer differs in varying peripheral contexts. The results show that not only inherited routines are important, but also inherited business contacts. Further, instead of simply reproducing acquired routines and networks, founders employ a mixture of continuity and change to find a good trade-off between relying on well-proven practices and introducing novelty. Finally, the geographical proximity of inherited business contacts seems to have an influence on the implementation strategy founders choose. Entrepreneurs with strong inherited local business contacts do not have to invest as much in building up new business contacts as those entrepreneurs in more isolated locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Regional Business Cycles and the Emergence of Sheltered Economies in the Southern Periphery of Europe.
- Author
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RODRÍGUEZ-POSE, ANDRÉS and FRATESI, UGO
- Subjects
BUSINESS cycles ,ECONOMIC development ,BUSINESS conditions ,EMPLOYMENT ,GROSS domestic product ,PUBLIC investments ,REGIONAL disparities ,ECONOMIC conditions in Europe - Abstract
Recent research has highlighted that in the last few years, the evolution of regional disparities in many European states has become pro-cyclical. This represents a change with respect to the predominantly anti-cyclical pattern of the 1960s and 1970s. This paper addresses the question of whether and when this change has taken place in the southern periphery of Europe, before analysing the factors that may have played a role in such a change. The analysis relies on a regional database that includes the evolution of the GDP per capita of NUTS II regions in five European countries (France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain) between 1980 and 2000. The results of the analysis support the hypothesis of a change towards a pro-cyclical evolution of regional disparities in the cases of Italy, Portugal, and Spain, but not in those of Greece and France. A relationship between these pro-cyclical patterns and the emergence of less dynamic sheltered economies is also detected in peripheral regions. This lack of dynamism is related to the fact that numerous peripheral areas in southern Europe have become increasingly dependent on factors such as transfers or public investment and employment, and therefore are less exposed to changes in market conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Sustainable rural economies: some lessons from the English experience.
- Author
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Lowe, Philip and Ward, Neil
- Subjects
RURAL development ,COMMUNITY development ,ECONOMIC development ,REGIONAL planning ,RURAL geography ,FACTORS of production - Abstract
Rural areas in Europe have increasingly become cast as places of nature, and so consideration of sustainable rural development is preoccupied with the management and protection of environmental and natural resources. Yet rural areas are also places of business, commerce and living. This paper examines the character and treatment of rural economies in England over the past decade. It sets out some of the challenges for the socio-economic development of rural areas, and explains how concerns about sustainable rural economies have come to be eclipsed within central government by those of ‘greening farming’ on the one hand and urban policy on the other. The paper concludes by discussing how the role of rural areas and rural economies might be creatively rethought in the context of regional and sub-regional territorial development strategies. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. US and EU experiences of tax incentives.
- Author
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Liard-Muriente, Carlos F
- Subjects
TAX incentive policy ,ECONOMIC policy ,REGIONAL economics ,LABOR incentives ,ECONOMIC forecasting ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the controversial issue of regional development incentives. Although extensive research has been conducted, a review of the literature gives an inconclusive answer to whether economic incentives are effective. Why do researchers arrive at different conclusions, even after analysing the same programmes? Among the problems that we find, for example, is the fact that for some researchers ‘effective’ means the significant location of new firms in targeted areas, while for others the creation of jobs regardless of whether new firms are arriving in a significant fashion. Furthermore, as we elaborate, the selection of an econometric model will have a significant impact on expected results. Different models, with different limitations, will lead researchers to evaluate the same incentive programme but arrive at different conclusions regarding its effectiveness. The contribution of the paper is to inform policymakers about the potential opportunities and pitfalls when designing incentive strategies. This is particularly relevant, given that both the US and Europe have been promoting incentives as a tool for regional economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Political Competition Between Countries and Economic Growth.
- Author
-
Chaudhry, Azam and Garner, Phillip
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMIC competition ,POLITICAL science ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Political competition between European countries has been viewed as being a stimulus to the innovation process and part of the reason why Europe was the first region of the world to experience sustained growth. Countries that fell behind their rivals technologically and economically became more vulnerable to exploitation. In this way, the presence of rival states provided added incentive to innovate. This paper uses a simple model of conflict between countries to study the role of political competition in economic growth. The governments of each country are threatened politically by innovation and, hence, face a trade-off between the stability of their regime and keeping up with their rivals. The model shows that “institutional spillovers,” such as a decrease in the level of rent-seeking in one country, can affect growth in a competing country. Thus, political fragmentation can be growth enhancing as it can result in more political competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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