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The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of investment in education on U.S. economic growth. Education is treated as an investment in human capital, since benefits accrue to an educated individual over a lifetime of activities. One of the most important benefits is higher income from labor market participation. This is the key to understanding the link between investment in education and economic growth. Our most important finding is that investment in human and nonhuman capital accounts for an overwhelming proportion of the growth of the U.S. economy during the postwar period. Educational investment will continue to predominate in the investment requirements for more rapid growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By demonstrating the superiority of the present-value to the recoupment-period criterion, Peter Lindert [2] has made a major contribution to the analysis of foreign investment controls. In fact, after reading Lindert's analysis, one wonders how the recoupment-period criterion got a foothold in the first place' the assessment of the net impact of a control program is clearly dependent on a comparison of capital inflows and outflows occurring at different points in time; and the accepted and traditional way to make such intertemporal comparisons is by a present value calculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a historically contingent understanding of patterns of uneven economic development in the U.S. South. We conceptualize spatial variation in economic development and its consequences for inequality to be embedded in both local and international dynamics. The character of local economic development, it is argued, reflects the organizational base and heterogeneity of local elites, the divisions and relative power of nonelites, and the embeddedness of the local political economy in national and world systems of politics and production. These ideas are developed and made historically and spatially specific through an analysis of uneven development in one Southern state, North Carolina. Our findings suggest that contemporary patterns of uneven development and the resulting income deprivations and inequality reflect conditional interactions between elite economic projects and racial divisions within the working class. We find that outside investment seems to reproduce rather than disrupt local patterns of inequality and poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to marshal available, albeit imperfect, evidence on the relationship between water availability and economic growth in the United States over the 1950-1960 decade. Since water resource investments are currently being planned on a very large scale as tools for promoting regional economic development (e.g. Appalachia and the Southwest) and since past water resource developments have frequently been defended in terms of their favorable impact on regional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on investment prospects in the U.S. The article is the result of early research conducted by the Committee for Economic Development, but not a product of that body. The author discusses the immediate prospect of high employment and successful investment, then addresses concerns that the form of financing of investment may lead to depression and unemployment, and finally, addresses possible forms of investment financing that will successfully avoid depression and stagnation. The author presents strategies that will facilitate the flow of cash into equity as opposed to debt, including fiscal policy recommendations relative to tax structure and state and local regulations.

The authors discuss evolution of the culture of risk in the U.S. financial market. They examine the rise of a speculative, aggressive and short-term financial culture that has misdirected the social role of financial markets. Among such roles are to promote economic growth, encourage long-term investments, and promote accountability of financial institutions. They examine the issues behind the meltdown of the financial market in the years 2007-2009.

This article explores why authoritarian regimes create legislatures and then assesses their effect on economic growth and investment. In authoritarian regimes more dependent on domestic investment than natural resource revenue, the dictator creates a binding legislature as a credible constraint on the regime's confiscatory behavior. In regimes dependent on natural resource revenue, the nonbinding legislature serves as a mechanism for the dictator to bribe and split the opposition when he faces credible challenges to the regime. Using data from 121 authoritarian regimes from 1950 to 2002, the results indicate that binding legislatures have a positive impact on economic growth and domestic investment, while nonbinding legislatures have a negative impact on economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the emerging demand by public policymakers to adopt renewable portfolio standards for either economic development, fuel diversification or environmental aspect in the U.S. These standards are legislation created at the state level that mandate a cost percentage of electricity to be sold in the market.

The United States maintains a broad spectrum of economic sanctions against China ranging from export controls to prohibitions on certain imports. Our study finds that, although from a macroeconomic perspective, US sanctions have had no significant adverse effect on China's overall economic growth and trade between the two countries, they do have a negative impact on producers and consumers in both countries. US economic sanctions have hindered technology transfer to China and US investment in China. US restrictions on imports from China have caused deadweight losses for the US due to higher domestic production costs for import substitutes and a reduction in consumption. US export controls have hindered US exports to China and contributed to large US trade deficits with China. The export controls have also caused losses of high-paid jobs in the United States and benefited competitors from other countries. In addition, US economic sanctions against China have had significant third-party effects. China's diversification of imports to sources other than the United States may have a long-term effect on US exports to China even after US economic sanctions against China are lifted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on an article titled "Investment in Education and U.S. Economic Growth," by D.W. Jorgenson and B.M. Fraumeni. Measurement of investment in human capital; Relationship between measures of schooling quality and subsequent attainment; Output of the educational sector.