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Three new approximately uniform color spaces named MLUV, MLUV1, and MLUV2 were developed by modifying CIELUV lightness, u′v′ chromaticity coordinates, and u*v* color coordinates, respectively. Performance tests using the combined and four individual datasets employed at CIEDE2000 development showed that MLUV, MLUV1 and MLUV2 were significantly better than CIELUV. Using values of Standardized Residual Sum of Squares (CIE 217:2016) for predictions of the four individual datasets the ranking (from best to worst) was MLUV, MLUV2 and MLUV1, but for predictions of two ellipses datasets the ranking (from best to worst) was MLUV2, MLUV, and MLUV1. Overall, the MLUV2 space was found to be the best. Hence, it is expected that MLUV2 could be used for color specification and color difference evaluations, especially in industrial applications that depend on additive light mixing, such as color TV sets, video monitors, and lighting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes a comprehensive test to evaluate the performance of current colour‐difference models using available experimental datasets. In total, 28 individual datasets were accumulated to test 17 colour‐difference formulae, 13 of them based on Uniform Colour Spaces (UCSs) in terms of the Standardized Residual Sum of Squares (STRESS) measure. The 28 datasets were divided into three groups: Large Colour‐Difference data (LCD), Small Colour‐Difference data for surface colours (SCDs), and Small Colour Difference data for display colours (SCDd). For each colour model, four versions were tested: the original model, and that including kL‐, Gamma‐ and kL/Gamma, which are the lightness parametric factor, the colour‐difference exponent factor, and the combination of both, respectively, optimized to fit particular dataset(s). The statistical F‐test was applied to test the difference between each pair of models. Furthermore, parametric effects between the large/small colour‐difference magnitudes, and between surface/display colours were investigated. The results showed that CAM16‐UCS significantly outperformed the other models for all groups. It accurately predicted all types of data and should be proposed for colour‐difference evaluation across all industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have described a number of transformations by mapping the cone signal vector C, formed by LMS, to opponent space O, formed by achromatic signal OA, red‐green signal Org, and yellow‐blue signal Oyb. Two new transformations, Γop1 and Γop2, are proposed, based on the CIE 2006 spectral luminous efficiency function, VFλ, and Hurvich's opponent spectral red‐green and yellow‐blue responses, Hrgλ and Hybλ, without and with constraints, respectively. Γop1 is better than Γop2 in terms of best fit of Hrgλ and Hybλ, and both transformations improved previously proposed ones. Finally, we discuss the neutral conditions in cone space using each of the new and some of the extant transformations, as well as choosing scaling factors so that the neutral conditions in cone space are satisfied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]