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This article put the genetic association exploration of osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene polymorphisms in promoter region (A‐163G, T‐245G) and fracture risk first and hoped to explain the ethology of fracture. The genotyping of OPG gene polymorphisms was conducted with the method of polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism in 125 fracture patients and 138 relative controls. The genotype frequencies of selected controls based on OPG gene polymorphisms were checked by the χ2 test whether conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The relative risk was represented with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) between gene polymorphism and disease. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype were also analyzed. The genotypes distributions of selected controls in OPG polymorphisms conformed to HWE. The G allele of A‐163G polymorphism carriers had the tendency to suffer from fracture in the same condition, compared with A allele carriers (OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.04–2.55). TG and TG/GG genotypes of OPG T‐245G polymorphism also showed the increased risk of fracture development, but not TT genotype (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.15–4.28; OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.28–4.68). Likely, the mutant allele G had an abnormally higher frequency in cases than controls (14.00% and 6.16%). These two polymorphisms existed the LD and the haplotype G ‐163–G ‐245 obviously increased the risk of fracture. OPG A‐163G, T‐245G polymorphisms were associated with the onset of fracture and both the independent risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]