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To estimate the general and racial/ethnic specific cumulative probability of remission from nicotine alcohol cannabis or cocaine dependence, and to identify predictors of remission across substances. Data were collected from structured diagnostic interviews using the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IV version. The 2001-2002 National Epidemiological Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) surveyed a nationally representative sample from US adults ( n = 43 093) selected in a three-stage sampling design. The subsamples of individuals with life-time DSM-IV diagnosis of dependence on nicotine ( n = 6937), alcohol ( n = 4781), cannabis ( n = 530) and cocaine ( n = 408). Cumulative probability estimates of dependence remission for the general population and across racial/ethnic groups. Hazard ratios for remission from dependence. Life-time cumulative probability estimates of dependence remission were 83.7% for nicotine, 90.6% for alcohol, 97.2% for cannabis and 99.2% for cocaine. Half of the cases of nicotine, alcohol, cannabis and cocaine dependence remitted approximately 26, 14, 6 and 5 years after dependence onset, respectively. Males, Blacks and individuals with diagnosis of personality disorders and history of substance use comorbidity exhibited lower hazards of remission for at least two substances. A significant proportion of individuals with dependence on nicotine, alcohol, cannabis or cocaine achieve remission at some point in their life-time, although the probability and time to remission varies by substance and racial/ethnic group. Several predictors of remission are shared by at least two substances, suggesting that the processes of remission overlap. The lower rates of remission of individuals with comorbid personality or substance use disorders highlight the need for providing coordinated psychiatric and substance abuse interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To quantify the trends in frequent and occasional cannabis vaping, demographic differences and concurrent nicotine and alcohol use. Design: Observational study. Survey‐weighted multinomial logistic regression models assessed trends and disparities in past 30‐day cannabis use. Trends were assessed overall and by sex, race/ethnicity, parental education and urbanicity. Multinomial logistic regression models also estimated associations of cannabis use (none, use without vaping, use with vaping) with past 2‐week binge drinking and past 30‐day nicotine/tobacco use. Setting: United States, 2017–19. Participants: Participants in the national Monitoring the Future (n = 51 052) survey. Measurements Past 30‐day frequent cannabis use (six or more times/30 days) and past 30‐day occasional use (one to five times/30 days), with and without vaping. Findings Past 30‐day frequent cannabis use with vaping and occasional use with vaping rose from 2017 to 2019. Past 30‐day frequent and occasional cannabis use without vaping declined. Certain groups, such as Hispanic/Latino or lower socio‐economic status adolescents, experienced particularly notable increases in frequent cannabis use with vaping (e.g. prevalence among Hispanic/Latino adolescents). Adolescents who reported smoking and vaping nicotine, and 10+ occasions of binge drinking, were 42.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 33.14–53.93] and 10.09 (95% CI = 4.51–22.53) times more likely to report past 30‐day cannabis use with vaping, respectively, compared with no use. Discussion Cannabis use without vaping appears to be declining among adolescents in the United States, while cannabis use with vaping is accelerating; frequent cannabis vaping is especially increasing, with consistent increases across almost all adolescent demographic groups. Cannabis use among US adolescents remains highly associated with other substance use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]