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Purpose: A laboratory‐based acute kidney injury (AKI) electronic‐alert (e‐alert) system, with e‐alerts sent to the UK Renal Registry (UKRR) and collated in a master patient index (MPI), has recently been implemented in England. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of correspondence between the UKRR‐MPI and AKI International Classification Disease‐10 (ICD‐10) N17 coding in Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and whether hospital N17 coding correlated with 30‐day mortality and emergency re‐admission after AKI. Methods: AKI e‐alerts in people aged ≥18 years, collated in the UKRR‐MPI during 2017, were linked to HES data to identify a hospitalised AKI population. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse associations between absence/presence of N17 codes and clinicodemographic features. Correlation of the percentage coded with N17 and 30‐day mortality and emergency re‐admission after AKI were calculated at hospital level. Results: In 2017, there were 301 540 adult episodes of hospitalised AKI in England. AKI severity was positively associated with coding in HES, with a high degree of inter‐hospital variability—AKI stage 1 mean of 48.2% [SD 14.0], versus AKI stage 3 mean of 83.3% [SD 7.3]. N17 coding in HES depended on demographic features, especially age (18–29 years vs. ≥85 years OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.21–0.23), as well as sex and ethnicity. There was no evidence of association between the proportion of episodes coded for AKI with short‐term AKI outcomes. Conclusion: Coding of AKI in HES is influenced by many factors that result in an underestimation of AKI. Using e‐alerts to triangulate the true incidence of AKI could provide a better understanding of the factors that affect hospital coding, potentially leading to improved coding, patient care and pharmacoepidemiologic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: Technique survival of peritoneal dialysis is seriously limited by the development of peritoneal fibrosis. The mesothelial cell layer lining the peritoneum is important in the pathogenesis of peritoneal fibrosis. Mesothelial cells are able to produce transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and respond to stimulation by this cytokine. In this review, we will detail the evidence available so far for the role of the complex interaction between TGF-β and mesothelial cells in the development of peritoneal fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]