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The regenerative braking energy generated during the braking of high‐speed trains affects the power quality of the power grid. Recovery of regenerative braking energy is problem that needs to be solved urgently. The regenerative braking energy of high‐speed railway features high power and high energy. It is difficult to recover it only by using high power density supercapacitors or high energy density batteries. In this paper, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) composed of supercapacitors and lithium‐ion batteries and its optimal configuration method are proposed for the purpose of obtaining maximum economic benefits for railroad systems. Then the economic benefits when using the HESS and the single energy storage system are compared from the perspective of whether the regenerative braking energy is fully recycled or not. Finally, a simulation analysis with actual load of a high‐speed railway station is performed. The highest benefit is achieved when the regenerative braking energy is partially recovered by the HESS, which can save 3% of the total cost per day and pay back the cost in eight years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple inclined hollow pipes were combined to form a self‐priming jet (SPJ) impeller. The hydrodynamic and mixing characteristics in the tank were studied by numerical simulation. The feasibility of the numerical simulation model was verified by particle distribution experiments. The results showed that the turbulence intensity and vorticity were affected by the installation height and diameter of the impeller; the mixing performance was improved with increasing diameter and installation angle. The study on the enhanced mixing mechanism showed that the self‐priming was generated in the lower part of the impeller, the flow was accelerated in the empty pipe, and the jet was generated in the upper part of the impeller. Self‐priming and jet caused multiple axial internal circulation flows in the SPJ tank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitochondrial dysfunction of neurons is the core pathogenesis of incurable Parkinson's disease (PD). It is crucial to ameliorate the mitochondrial dysfunction of neurons for boosting the therapy of PD. Herein, the remarkable promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis to ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction of neurons and improve the treatment of PD by using mitochondria‐targeted biomimetic nanoparticles, which are Cu2‐xSe‐based nanoparticles functionalized with curcumin and wrapped with DSPE‐PEG2000‐TPP‐modified macrophage membrane (denoted as CSCCT NPs), is reported. These nanoparticles can efficiently target mitochondria of damaged neurons in an inflammatory environment, and mediate the signaling pathway of NAD+/SIRT1/PGC‐1α/PPARγ/NRF1/TFAM to alleviate 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+)‐induced neuronal toxicity. They can reduce the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, restore mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), protect the integrity of mitochondrial respiratory chain, and ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction via promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, which synergistically improve the motor disorders and anxiety behavior of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐induced PD mice. This study demonstrates that targeting mitochondrial biogenesis to ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction has a great potential in the treatment of PD and mitochondria‐related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]