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This paper analyses the conference papers published by double first‐class universities from mainland China between 2006 and 2019. The main findings are as follows: first, the number of conference papers from different double first‐class universities varied greatly, with the annual numbers of papers in the China Proceedings of Conferences Full‐text Database (CPCD) and in the Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI) fluctuating during this period. Second, most of the top 10 disciplines of the papers in the CPCD and CPCI were in the natural sciences, with only two in the social sciences. The CPCD papers and CPCI papers had some overlap in their disciplinary distributions. Third, the CPCD and CPCI papers differed little in total number, with the number of CPCI papers being slightly higher than the number of CPCD papers. With the introduction of new regulations from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MST), there will likely be an increase in the number of Chinese‐language conference papers in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper conducted a comparative analysis of the conference publications published by Chinese scholars from 2006 to 2019. The main results are as follows. First, the conference papers are unevenly distributed among the 31 provincial administrative regions. The annual number of conference papers published by scholars from different regions fluctuated during the study period. Second, there are different disciplinary distributions of China Proceedings of Conferences Full‐text Database (CPCD) papers and Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI) papers, and the CPCI publications have a relatively centralized disciplinary distribution. Third, it is noteworthy that there are more CPCD papers than CPCI papers. With the introduction of the new science and technology evaluation standards of the Ministry of Science and Technology, there should be more conference papers in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of COVID‐19 has underlined the need for reliable information to guide clinical practice and policy. This urgency has to be balanced against disruption to journal handling capacity and the continued need to ensure scientific rigour. We examined the reporting quality of highly disseminated COVID‐19 research papers using a bibliometric analysis examining reporting quality and risk of bias (RoB) amongst 250 top scoring Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) COVID‐19 research papers between January and April 2020. Method‐specific RoB tools were used to assess quality. After exclusions, 84 studies from 44 journals were included. Forty‐three (51%) were case series/studies, and only one was an randomized controlled trial. Most authors were from institutions based in China (n = 44, 52%). The median AAS and impact factor was 2015 (interquartile range [IQR] 1,105–4,051.5) and 12.8 (IQR 5–44.2) respectively. Nine studies (11%) utilized a formal reporting framework, 62 (74%) included a funding statement, and 41 (49%) were at high RoB. This review of the most widely disseminated COVID‐19 studies highlights a preponderance of low‐quality case series with few research papers adhering to good standards of reporting. It emphasizes the need for cautious interpretation of research and the increasingly vital responsibility that journals have in ensuring high‐quality publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the typical high‐polluting and high‐energy‐consuming industries in China, the paper industry's environmental behavior has become the focus of a range of stakeholders, policy makers, and the whole society because the industry's business activities are a main source of environmental pollution and contribute to massive energy consumption. This study used a qualitative approach to examine the relative importance of external and internal pressures (EP and IP) in driving the environmental behavior of paper enterprises in China. Based on grounded theory, this study aimed to examine the EP and IP on the environmental behavior of paper enterprises to create a comprehensive theoretical model based on grounded theory code analysis. It was found that government pressure, economic pressure, social pressure, and IP have direct and significant positive effects on the corporate environmental behavior (CEB) of paper enterprises in China. Furthermore, government, economic, and social pressures have indirect and significant positive effects on CEB through other pressures. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of these four pressures and provides policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past decade, the interactions between accounting (and auditing) and corporate governance have been an important topic of academic research. They use audit hours to measure audit effort and find that audit effort alleviates stock market crash risk. The traditional audit quality indicators used in past research cannot accurately separate the respective roles of companies and auditors, which makes it difficult for researchers to draw effective causal inferences when studying the association between company characteristics and audit quality. [Extracted from the article]

WeChat has been developed into a unique social media and an increasing number of scholarly journals in China use it to promote their content. However, the effectiveness of WeChat promotion on academic impact is still unknown. This study selected five Chinese journals and investigated papers published in 2018, looking at reading counts on WeChat official accounts and the citations recorded on China's largest scholarly repository, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI). The raw data were normalized to lower the effect of journal size and then stratified into four data sets of the top 50%, top 25%, top 10% and top 1%. The results indicate that significant positive correlations between WeChat reading counts and citations exist across the total data set and the data sets of top 50%, top 25% and top 10%. The data set of the top 1% could not be analysed due to the small number of papers. Three of the five journals and two data sets of the other two journals exhibit similar positive correlations. This study demonstrates that promotion of WeChat official accounts can influence the academic impact of individual papers, but further study is needed to clarify the exact thresholds and influential factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most dramatic changes in global publishing in the last decade has been the emergence of China. China now has more researchers than the United States, outspends the United States and European Union in research and publishes more scientific papers each year than any other nation in the world. The quality of these papers is also increasing, with more appearing in top‐ranked journals and gaining more citations overall. Despite this success, China has gained an unenviable reputation for research misconduct and geopolitical issues threaten its continuation. Given the impact of China's growing presence on editors, publishers and non‐Chinese authors seeking to publish in the same journals, it is important to understand the reasons, directions and outcomes of these changes, their effect on Chinese scholars and local Chinese journals, and where they might be leading. In this review paper I explore the rise of Chinese scholarship, its influence on global publishing and on Chinese scholars, and how the Chinese government is responding to its new role in global academic publishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detailed, accurate, and reliable data regarding the occurrence of amphibian species in nature reserves (NRs) are important to facilitate effective conservation and management programs. We evaluated the current situation and research gaps in amphibian species inventories of NRs in mainland China by conducting a systematic review of papers on amphibian diversity research in NRs from 1956 to 2021. Generally, there was a gradual increase in amphibian survey intensity and standards, however, as some important parameters were lacking, such as species abundance and threats to amphibians. The standardization of amphibian surveys in NRs needs to urgently be strengthened and effectively implemented. We hope that highlighting these biases and gaps could provide actionable information for decision‐makers and improve conservation practices affecting amphibians in China and other native fauna elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complications of detrital zircons databases provide a means for statistically analysing a variety of significant geological problems. In this work, we tried to collect a database about the South China Phanerozoic detrital zircon geochronology data. The data statistics of this paper rely on the OneSediment Working Group of The Deep‐time Digital Earth program (DDE). By November 2022, the database contains a total of 699 samples with 55,532 U–Pb ages and 3,770 effective Hf isotope data, from 130 papers. Abundant information including reference title, sample ID, locality, rock type, research institution, GPS coordinates, U–Pb ages, εHf(t) values, etc., have been involved in our database, and all data can be downloaded from DDE Data Publish & Repository website, https://repository.deep‐time.org/. Through the integrated data, we can improve the previous studies and avoid the waste of resources caused by a large number of repeated studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports a comparative study of the scientific publications of double first‐class universities based on international and domestic Chinese databases from 2006 to 2018. The main results are as follows. Quantitatively, the absolute total number of articles published by Chinese universities has increased. Specifically, the number of international publications in the natural and social sciences from double first‐class universities showed an increasing trend, but the number of domestic journal articles showed the reverse trend. Moreover, based on the number of papers published by each university over the years, we recognized that the ranking changes of universities fall into four categories: rising, declining, stable, and fluctuating. Qualitatively, the international and domestic publications issued by double first‐class universities greatly improved from 2006 to 2018. Moreover, scientific publications, either international or domestic, were unevenly distributed among the double first‐class universities. In general, the double first‐class universities developed rapidly in recent years and play an important role in the development of science and technology in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This systematic review aimed to analyse the effect of early weight bearing versus late weight bearing on rehabilitation outcomes after ankle fractures, which primarily include ankle function scores, time to return to work/daily life and complication rates. Methods: The China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China Science and Technology Journal, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched. The focus was on identifying randomised controlled trials centred on early weight‐bearing interventions for post‐operative ankle fracture rehabilitation. All databases were searched for eligible studies published within the period from database inception to 20 June 2023. The eligible studies were screened according to the inclusion criteria. Study quality was evaluated using the methodology recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for the Systematic Evaluation of Interventions. Two authors independently performed the literature search and data extraction. Eligible studies were subjected to meta‐analyses using Review Manager 5.3. Based on the time points at which post‐operative ankle function was reported in the studies included in this paper, we decided to perform a meta‐analysis of ankle function scores at 6 weeks post‐operatively, 12 weeks post‐operatively, 24–26 weeks post‐operatively and 1 year post‐operatively. Results: A total of 11 papers, comprising 862 patients, were included. Meta‐analysis indicated that patients receiving early weight‐bearing interventions, which referred to weight‐bearing for 6 weeks post‐operatively, experienced enhancements in ankle function scores (Olerud–Molander score, AOFAS score or Baird–Jackson score) at various post‐operative milestones: 6 weeks (SMD = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49–0.88 and p < 0.01), 12 weeks (SMD = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.22–0.92 and p < 0.01) and the 24–26 weeks range (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.20–0.85 and p < 0.01). The results of subgroup analyses revealed that the effects of early weight‐bearing interventions were influenced by ankle range‐of‐motion exercises. Additionally, early weight bearing allows patients to return to daily life and work earlier, which was evaluated by time when they resumed their preinjury activities (MD = −2.74, 95% CI: −3.46 to −2.02 and p < 0.01), with no distinct elevation in the incidence of complications (RR = 1.49, 95% CI: 0.85–2.61 and p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that early weight bearing is effective in improving ankle function among post‐operative ankle fracture patients and allows patients to return to daily life earlier. Significantly, the safety profile of early weight bearing remains favourable, with no higher risk of complications than late weight bearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The White Paper on Chinese population policy, entitled "Family Planning in China," was issued by the Chinese Information Office of the State Council on August 23, 1995. The population problem is an important question that touches upon the survival and development of the Chinese nation, the success or failure of China's modernization drive as well as the coordinated and sustained development between the population on one hand and the economy, society, resources and environment on the other. It is a natural choice that the Chinese government has made to implement family planning, control population growth and improve the life quality of the population a basic state policy on the basis of a wish to make the state strong and powerful, the nation prosperous and the people happy. In the 1960s, the country's population entered its second peak birth period. From 1962 to 1972, the annual number of births in China averaged 26.69 million, totaling 300 million. In the practice of carrying out family planning programme, whilst persistently proceeding from its reality and taking into full account and observing principles and regulations concerning population and family planning formulated by international institutions and organizations, the Chinese government has gradually set up guiding principles, policies, measures and methods that reflect the basic interests and various rights and interests of the people and has continuously improved these as the actual situations change, so as to better safeguard the right to subsistence and development of the Chinese region.

Small mammal species richness and relative abundance vary along elevational gradients, but there are different patterns that exist. This study reports the patterns of distribution and abundance of small mammals along the broader elevational gradient of Mt. Qilian range. The study was conducted in the Mt. Qilian range, north-western China, from June to August 2001. Removal trapping was conducted using a standardized technique at 7 sites ranging between 1600 and 3900 m elevation within three transects. Correlation, regression and graphical analyses were used to evaluate the diversity patterns along this elevational gradient. In total, 586 individuals representing 18 nonvolant small mammal species were collected during 20 160 trap nights. Species composition was different among the three transects with 6 (33%) of the species found only within one transect. Elevational distribution and relative abundance of small rodents showed substantial spatial variation, with only 2 species showing nonsignificant capture frequencies across elevations. Despite these variations, some general patterns of elevational distribution emerged: humped-shape relationships between species diversity and elevation were noted in all three transects with diversity peaks at middle elevations. In addition, relative abundance was negatively correlated with elevation. Results indicate that maximum richness and diversity of nonvolant small mammals occurred at mid-elevations where several types of plants reached their maximum diversity and primary productivity, and where rainfall and humidity reached a maximum. It is demonstrated that the mid-elevation bulge is a general feature of at least a large portion of the biota on the Mt. Qilian range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the knowledge and practices of Chinese doctors in the management of osteoporotic fractures after the Chinese osteoporotic fracture guidelines update and aseries of medical education in 2017. Methods: This was a cross‐sectional survey of doctors in 71 cities across Mainland China. Based on the 2017 Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic fractures, a questionnaire was designed and pre‐tested for reliability and validity. Doctors were surveyed with the questionnaire after scientific meetings during February 2017 to January 2018 through WeChat or conference digital platforms or in paper form. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the responses to the questionnaire. Results: Overall, 314 valid questionnaires were confirmed. Regarding diagnosis, 77% agreed that osteoporosis could be diagnosed once an osteoporotic fracture occurred; 83% believed that the bone mineral density criteria for osteoporosis diagnosis would be T ≤ −2.5 SD. For treatment, almost all (99.7%) agreed with anti‐osteoporosis treatment being one of the basic principles of osteoporotic fracture treatment; 71.6% considered bisphosphonates as the most commonly used anti‐osteoporosis drug; 97% believed that patients who have used anti‐osteoporosis drugs should reassess osteoporosis after osteoporotic fractures instead of discontinue; 95% thought that the patients who did not use anti‐osteoporosis medications before osteoporotic fracture should be treated with anti‐osteoporosis drugs after fracture treatment as early as possible; 89% agreed that the standard use of bisphosphonates after osteoporotic fracture would not affect bone healing adversely; 59% believed the course of bisphosphonates treatment for osteoporosis would be 3–5 years, and 27% considered it to be 1–3 years. The patient follow‐up rate was poor: 46% selected follow‐up rate <30%; only 20% selected follow‐up rate >50%. Only 31% of the hospitals had long‐term management programs for osteoporotic fractures. Conclusions: Doctors generally adhered to the updated Chinese guidelines for osteoporotic fractures; frequent participation in medical education can help doctors to increase their awareness of osteoporosis as well as their acceptance and practice of the guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows a systematic literature review using HistCiteTM in the context of factor market misallocation in China. Four key research streams are identified: government intervention; misallocation explanation; market distortion and regional factor distortion. Further, the paper identifies three emerging research streams: endogeneity; legislation relating to factors of production; and knowledge management. Factor markets misallocation has been a lasting problem since the market‐oriented reform implemented by the Chinese Government. The academic literature review mainly focuses on the misallocation under Chinese national situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates whether and how export growth to China varies following shocks in bilateral political relations between China and six Southeast Asian countries—Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam—between 2000 and 2019. High‐frequency news data is used to quantify bilateral political relations between each of the six countries and China. Then, a net cooperation index, plus separate indices of political cooperation and conflict, are placed in an augmented gravity model of trade situated in a vector autoregression framework alongside real exchange rate and industrial production variables to examine the short‐ (months) and long‐run (years) effects of shocks to bilateral political relations on each countryʼs exports growth to China. The results reveal that political relations with China played a role in Thailandʼs and Vietnamʼs exports growth to China but not in Indonesiaʼs, Malaysiaʼs, the Philippinesʼ and Singaporeʼs, and contribute new findings to the literature on politics and trade. Code and data for the analysis is available at: https://github.com/tradepolsrepository/tradepols.git. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether command‐control environmental regulation can play a positive role in circumstances of imperfect market incentive‐based environmental regulation remains rarely explored. Using the difference‐in‐difference model, we find that command‐control environmental regulation can significantly improve the environmental performance of heavily polluting firms. This result still holds after a sequence of robustness tests. The analysis of the economic mechanism indicates that the new environmental protection law mainly contributes positively to the environmental performance of high‐polluting firms by improving the quality of their environmental investments and pollution treatment disclosures, and by reducing the government subsidies they receive to improve the environmental performance of high‐polluting firms. Meanwhile, the new environmental protection law has a more pronounced impact on heavily polluting enterprises in the eastern region, with imperfect internal control, stronger environmental regulations, more distant political connections, greater pressure on regional GDP growth and weaker industry competition. This paper confirms the effectiveness of the new environmental law in improving environmental performance of heavily polluting enterprises in pursuit of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, and provides new evidence to test the weak Porter hypothesis in the context of transition economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's social safety net is still underdeveloped, hence family support in the form of intergenerational transfers often serves as a substitute for the public transfer system. Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, this paper finds that both upstream inter‐vivos transfers (from children to parents) and downstream inter‐vivos transfers (from parents to children) are prevalent in urban China. Moreover, the relative income status of the parent and children has an impact on inter‐vivos transfers. To investigate what economic factors generate the observed patterns of inter‐vivos transfers, this paper adopts a general equilibrium life‐cycle model in which overlapping generations are altruistically linked and calibrates the model to match data from urban China. Counterfactual experiments of removing one source of economic risk or modifying the social security replacement rate from the baseline model at a time reveal that intergenerational transfers mainly serve as informal insurance against the income risk of the children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the authors' opinions on the publication of science and technology research by Chinese authors in the English language in American and British scholarly journals. The authors address the outflow of scientific research from Chinese scientists and argue that the flow should be stemmed so that Chinese journals could achieve a higher standing in the field of scholarly research. Topics include academic evaluation methods and internationalization.

How to effectively utilize renewable energy and improve the economic efficiency of microgrid system and its ability to consume renewable energy has become one of the main problems facing China at present. In response to this challenge, this paper establishes a multiobjective capacity optimization model with the minimum levelized cost of energy, the maximum proportion of renewable energy consumption, and the minimum comprehensive system cost. Based on this model, a new improved beluga whale optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the multiobjective optimization problem in the capacity allocation process of wind–solar–storage microgrid system with the goal of ensuring that the microgrid can meet the maximum load demand at different moments throughout the year. In this paper, opposition‐based learning, artificial bee colony, dynamic opposite, and beluga whale optimization are combined to improve the population diversity and convergence accuracy, thereby enhancing the optimization performance of the algorithm. Finally, after finding the optimal Pareto front solution, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution is used to help decision‐makers select the optimal solution. Using real load data and meteorological data, the results of this paper show that the multiobjective capacity allocation optimization method of grid‐connected scenic storage microgrid system based on the improved beluga whale optimization algorithm can improve the economics of the wind–solar–storage microgrid system and promote the photovoltaic consumption simultaneously, providing a solution for the realization of low‐carbon power and regional economic development. The best‐found levelized cost of energy for the wind–solar–storage microgrid system is 0.192 yuan/kWh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to trace the origins of dual entry beyond a Eurocentric boundary. The aim can be refined further by asking: did the Chinese use dual entry and how did dual entry appear in Europe. Double entry is more advanced as it includes the location of the account in which the contra entry is made. Dual entry approaches accounting, like mathematics, as a tautology, whereby an equation is constructed from a simple axiom. Defined as such, this paper argues that the concept of dual entry had its earliest origins in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adequate blood supply, a prerequisite for flap survival after grafting, makes angiogenesis of the flap the biggest problem to be solved. Researches have been conducted around vascularisation in correlation with flap grafting. However, bibliometric analyses systematically examining this research field are lacking. As such, we herein sought to conduct comprehensive comparative analyses of the contributions of different researchers, institutions, and countries to this research space in an effort to identify trends and hotspots in angiogenesis and vascularisation in the context of flap grafting. Publications pertaining to angiogenesis and vascularisation in the context of flap grafting were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. References were then analysed and plotted using Microsoft Excel 2019, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace V. In total, 2234 papers that were cited 40 048 times (17.63 citations/paper) were included in this analysis. The greatest number of studies were from the United States, with these studies exhibiting both the highest number of citations (13 577) and the greatest overall H‐index (60). For The institutions that published the greatest number of studies were WENZHOU MEDICAL UNIVERSITY (681), while UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG has the highest number of citations (1458), and SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY holds the greatest overall H‐index (20). The greatest number of studies in this research space were published by Gao WY, while Horch RE was the most commonly cited researcher in the field. The VOS viewer software clustered relevant keywords into three clusters, with clusters 1, 2, 3, and 4 corresponding to studies in which the keywords 'anatomy', 'survival', 'transplantation', 'therapy' most frequently appeared. The most promising research hotspot‐related terms in this field included 'autophagy', 'oxidative stress', 'ischemia/reperfusion injury', which exhibited a most recent average appearing year (AAY) of 2017 and after. Generally speaking, the results of this analysis indicate that the number of articles exploring angiogenesis and flap‐related research has risen steadily, with the United States and China being the two countries publishing the greatest proportion of studies in this field. The overall focus of these studies has shifted away from 'infratest and tissue engineering' towards 'mechanisms'. In the future, particular attention should be paid to emerging research hotspots, which include 'ischemia/reperfusion injury' and treatments for promoting vascularization, such as 'platelet‐rich plasma'. In light of these findings, funding agencies should continue increasing their investment in the exploration of the concrete mechanisms and interventional therapeutic relevance of angiogenesis during flap transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study investigated the scientific research ability of Chinese specialist nurses (SNs) in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and its influencing factors. Design: A cross‐sectional design. Methods: A total of 652 SNs in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were investigated from March to October 2021. The nursing scientific research ability level was measured using the Nursing Research Competence of Nurses Self‐evaluation Scale. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate factors affecting the scientific research ability of SNs. Results: The median score of scientific research ability of SNs was 31 (interquartile range: 19–41). Approximately 74.8% of clinical speciality nurses had low scientific research ability. Educational background, working hospital level, being the first author of a published paper and successful application for scientific research projects were identified as factors influencing scientific research ability score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macrophages play a crucial role in aiding all phases of the wound‐healing process and has garnered increasing attention recently. Although a substantial body of related studies has been published, there remains a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analysis. In this study, we collected 4296 papers from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Three tools including CiteSpace, VOSviewer and one online analytical platform were employed to conduct bibliometric analysis and data visualization. Our results revealed that the annual number of publications related to macrophage and wound healing has increased exponentially with the year. The United States and China stand as the primary driving forces within this field, collectively constituting 58.2% of the total publication output. The application of biomaterials was one of the most concerned research areas in this field. According to references analysis, the current research focus has shifted to diabetic wound healing and regulating macrophage polarization. Based on the keywords analysis, we identified the following research frontiers in the future: exosomes and other extracellular vesicles; bio‐derived materials and drug delivery methods such as nanoparticles, scaffolds and hydrogels; immunomodulation and macrophage polarization in the M2‐state; chronic wounds, particularly those associated with diabetes; antimicrobial peptides; and antioxidant. Additionally, TNF, IL‐6, IL‐10, TGF‐β1 and VEGF ranked as the five genes that have garnered the most research attention in the intersection of macrophage and wound healing. All in all, our findings offered researchers a holistic view of the ongoing progress in the field of macrophages and wound healing, serving as a valuable reference for scholars and policymakers in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, China's advanced light sources have entered a period of rapid construction and development. As modern X-ray detectors and data acquisition technologies advance, these facilities are expected to generate massive volumes of data annually, presenting significant challenges in data management and utilization. These challenges encompass data storage, metadata handling, data transfer and user data access. In response, the Data Organization Management Access Software (DOMAS) has been designed as a framework to address these issues. DOMAS encapsulates four fundamental modules of data management software, including metadata catalogue, metadata acquisition, data transfer and data service. For light source facilities, building a data management system only requires parameter configuration and minimal code development within DOMAS. This paper firstly discusses the development of advanced light sources in China and the associated demands and challenges in data management, prompting a reconsideration of data management software framework design. It then outlines the architecture of the framework, detailing its components and functions. Lastly, it highlights the application progress and effectiveness of DOMAS when deployed for the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) and Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional wisdom on how late industrialized countries follow the technology trajectories of preceding economies is in need of reformation as these countries have attained industrial leadership in a growing number of fields. However, current understandings about these countries' development of their emerging technologies have yet to investigate the divergence of idiosyncratic technology trajectories. The aim of this paper was to explore how their knowledge production strategies in emerging technology sectors are diverging. Specifically, this research examines the changing patterns of knowledge production in quantum technology in South Korea and China by developing a knowledge portfolio and knowledge strategic diagram. According to the knowledge portfolio, the relative literature position differs. In the knowledge strategic diagram, there are diverging patterns in the emerging keywords sector. This paper contributes to the literature by demonstrating the diverging strategies of late industrialized countries in their transition from catch‐up to post‐catch‐up paradigms and provides policy implications for countries developing an idiosyncratic trajectory in emerging technology sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This paper aims to investigate the humanistic care ability among surgical nurses in China and identify its statistically significant influencing factors. Design: A cross‐sectional, descriptive and correlational design was used. Methods: A total of 210 surgical nurses were recruited from a tertiary public hospital in Wuhu, Anhui Province. Four with incomplete responses were excluded, leaving 206 participants for data analysis. Variables were measured using the general questionnaire, caring ability inventory (CAI), and General Self‐Efficacy Scale (GSES). Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify the statistically significant influencing factors of participants' humanistic caring ability. Results: The overall average score of the CAI was 190.14 (SD = 19.24), and the average scores for the three dimensions of cognitive, courage, and patience were 70.46 (SD = 7.77), 62.12 (SD = 8.47) and 57.56 (SD = 6.02), respectively. The overall average score of the GSES was 26.05 (SD = 5.77). Professional attitude, perceived care from the department head nurse, perceived care from colleagues and self‐efficacy were the statistically significant factors influencing the humanistic care ability of surgical nurses (R2 = 0.45, adjusted R2 = 0.44, F = 40.64, p < 0.001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 31st December 2020, The National Science Library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) released a list of 65 international scientific journals, all of them indexed by the Web of Science, that were said to be potentially in conflict with academic rigour. The list immediately influenced the publication patterns of Chinese researchers. A year later, on 31st December 2021, CAS released a revised and reduced list of 35 questionable journals and said the publishers in the meantime had reacted constructively and improved the procedures of their journals. This study aims to provide an understanding of the motivations and criteria behind the list, partly by reviewing Chinese policy documents and public debates, partly with a quantitative analysis to detect the relative importance of the criteria used to select the journals for the list. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has attracted attention because of its potential to accelerate the wound healing process. However, resources for evaluating research trends in the treatment of wounds with PRP were limited. In this study, we aimed to make a bibliometric analysis of the literature related to PRP in the treatment of wounds and explore the research status, hotspots and frontiers in this field in recent 20 years. Studies about PRP treatment for wounds from 2002 to 2021 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI‐E) of Web of Science (WOS) database. Visualisation softwares such as VOSviewer and SCImago Graphica, and CiteSpace were used to analyse the research trends and features. A total of 1748 studies were identified in the SCI‐Expanded from 2002 to 2021. The number of publications on PRP in the treatment of wounds has shown an increasing trend, from 6 (in 2002) to 228 (in 2021). The papers published in the United States have led in times cited (14637) and H‐index (63). Though Italy was slightly lower than China in the number of publications, the H‐index and average cited (47, 28.45) were higher than that of China (38, 27.01). The strongest keyword was "fibrin" (strength = 13.07), and the longest burst duration keyword was "thrombin" (began in 2002 and ended in 2014). The largest 10 co‐citation clusters are as follows: endothelial cell proliferation (#0), regenerative medicine‐associated treatment (#1), diabetic wound healing (#2), autologous derived (#3), platelet‐rich fibrin (#4), tissue engineering (#5), regenerative potential (#6), clinical randomised trial (#7), histologic observation (#8), and wound bacteria (#9). The United States has made the most outstanding contribution in this field. Chinese researchers need to enhance the quality of publications further. Wound Repair Regen. is the most noteworthy journal. The mechanism of growth factors of PRP, combination therapy, preparation of PRP, and related clinical trials may be topics that need attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: For adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), they experience many challenges in dietary decision‐making. Thus, this study examined the perspective and experiences of adults with IBD in dietary decision‐making. Objective: This study aimed to explore the perception and consideration of people with IBD in their daily dietary decisions through monitoring, interpretation and action during the decision‐making process. Design: A qualitative study of individuals affected by IBD was conducted through semistructured interviews. Results: Twenty patients were recruited from four tertiary hospitals in Nanjing, China, and each participant completed a semistructured interview. The majority of participants reported on the process and experience of dietary decision‐making. Key themes were categorised into three stages: (1) assessing needs, preferences and food cues (monitor); (2) moving from experience to expertise (interpret) and (3) balancing expectations amidst limitations (act). The majority of participants reported that their decisions were shaped by assessing current disease status and food cues. Those interviewed with IBD were willing to make tradeoffs for bowel stability, but their decisions were also influenced by past dietary experiences and traditional Chinese beliefs. The lack of awareness of dietary guidelines was a significant barrier to healthy eating decisions. Positive or negative feelings accompanied dietary decisions. Conclusion: Although most people with IBD change their diet after diagnosis, the changes made are often inconsistent with existing dietary recommendations. Several factors can influence the dietary decision‐making process. This study will help assess the experiences of people with IBD in dietary decision‐making to encourage the formation of targeted dietary health and well‐being interventions. Knowledge of nutrition and diet should be provided in education and training programmes for IBD management. Patient or Public Contribution: The first three authors of this paper were the lead researchers in this study's design. These authors were mentored by patient researchers who also contributed to the manuscript, and the research process was co‐lead and directed by other patient participants and consultants. The results of this paper were directly obtained from patient participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Satellite infrared detectors cannot penetrate clouds, especially precipitating clouds. Improving precipitation estimation accuracy based on infrared brightness temperature has always been important but challenging. In this paper, based on the infrared brightness temperature of the Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager (AGRI) onboard China's Feng‐Yun 4A satellite, we develop and evaluate a new precipitation estimation method. First, using static data, physical characteristics of clouds, cloud image texture features, temporal motion features, and AGRI infrared channel brightness temperature, we construct features for a machine learning model. Then, we develop precipitation estimation methods. Precipitation is estimated in two steps: classification and regression. We employ a random forest classification model to identify whether there is precipitation in a given field of view. If there is precipitation, a multi‐model ensemble regression learning method is used to estimate the areas with this precipitation. The ensemble learning method uses convex optimization to integrate prediction results based on the optimization of hyperparameters of five basic models (i.e., those of random forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, decision tree, and extra tree models). Furthermore, two regression stacking ensemble models—the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (herein referred to as Stacking1‐LASSO) and K‐nearest neighbor (herein referred to as Stacking2‐KNN)—are used to predict the results of the aforementioned basic models. The results of basic models are used as inputs of these two stacking models. Finally, based on the Integrated Multi‐satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) precipitation product and rain gauge precipitation data, we conduct precipitation estimation experiments and evaluate our methods. The results show that ensemble learning models have greater accuracy in estimating precipitation than the basic models. When using IMERG precipitation as the target precipitation, ensemble learning models can estimate the central area of heavy precipitation during typhoons Ampil and Maria. The ensemble learning estimation effect is better than that of Stacking2‐KNN. Moreover, when rain gauge data is used as the target precipitation, ensemble learning can also estimate the center of heavy precipitation and with good consistency with recorded satellite brightness temperature data. Key Points: A convex optimization weighted and stacked ensemble learning method for satellite data estimation of precipitation is developedNear real‐time precipitation estimates can be obtained throughout the day using only geographic information and Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager infrared brightness temperature dataThe proposed ensemble learning method can estimate the central areas of typhoons and short‐term heavy rainfall [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The source of oil and gas in the Tarim Basin's platform has always been controversial. The Lower Cambrian Yurtusi Formation and the Xidashan Formation–Xishanbulak Formation argillaceous source rocks are an important set of oil source series in the basin. Based on the principle of conservation of matter, this paper calculates the hydrocarbon expulsion amount of the source rock. Using a phase state hydrocarbon expulsion amount characterization model, the paper reconstructs the evolution process of the hydrocarbon expulsion phase state of the source rock. According to the characterization model of hydrocarbon expulsion dynamics, the relative contribution of each force to hydrocarbon expulsion is evaluated. The hydrocarbon expulsion geologic model of argillaceous source rocks in the Lower Cambrian in the Tarim Basin is established. The results show that this set of source rocks can serve the main source rocks in the basin. The hydrocarbon expulsion of the Lower Cambrian argillaceous source rocks in the Tarim Basin can be divided into three stages. In the first stage, the hydrocarbon expulsion phase is dominated by the water‐soluble and diffusion phases. The conversion of clay minerals into dehydration and diffusion forces is the main driving force for the hydrocarbon expulsion. In the second stage, the oil and gas expulsion present the characteristics of multiphase and multidynamic coexistence. In the third stage, the phase state of oil and gas expulsion is mainly free phase. The capillary force difference and the thermal expansion force of the fluid rock are the main driving forces for oil and gas expulsion. The research results of this paper can deepen the understanding of the hydrocarbon expulsion mechanism of the set of source rocks, and then guide oil and gas exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green supply chain of agricultural products (GSCAP) is a key link for rural revitalization and sustainable development in China. However, it faces various risks from internal and external environments that threaten its performance and stability. This paper proposes a novel framework and system for identifying and evaluating the main risks in the GSCAP from the perspective of agricultural enterprises. The framework combines social network analysis (SNA) and an improved technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. SNA is used to analyze the correlations and influences among different types of risks, while the improved TOPSIS method is used to rank the risks of different GSCAPs and identify the key risks in each supply chain. The framework and system are verified by a case study of CDYBIT, a leading platform of food safety big data service in China. The results show that the supermarket supply chain has the highest risk, followed by the group catering supply chain, and the five‐star hotel supply chain has the lowest risk. The main risk factors for each supply chain are also discussed, and some suggestions for risk management are provided. This paper contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive and systematic risk assessment framework and system for the GSCAP, which can help agricultural enterprises improve their risk awareness and response capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the huge impact of the digital information age on many technical and industrial fields, a periodic fast search genetic algorithm is proposed. Based on the reconnaissance mission, this paper introduces the common allocation strategy into mission planning, and constructs the mathematical model of multi unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) cooperative reconnaissance mission planning decision‐making. The proposed periodic fast search genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem of multi UAV cooperative reconnaissance mission planning. In 2020, the industry growth rate of global UAV technology expenditure was as high as 30.6%, and the compound growth rate of UAV in China reached 63.5%, which is enough to see the great prospect of the integrated development of UAV technology and different industries. The experiment evaluates the log verification module of UAV by comparing the two data structures of Merkle tree and linear, and the time and memory overhead of storing and verifying logs, which shows the effectiveness of the log verification scheme in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate rainfall measurement with a precise spatial and temporal resolution is essential for making informed decisions during disasters and conducting scientific studies, particularly in regions characterized by intricate terrain and limited coverage of automated weather stations. Retrieval of precipitation with satellite is currently the most effective means to obtain precipitation over large‐scale areas. The key to enhancing the accuracy of precipitation estimation and forecasting in regions with complex terrain lies in effectively integrating satellite data with topographic information. This paper introduces a deep learning approach called AttUnet_R_SFT that utilizes high temporal, spatial, and spectral resolution data obtained from the Fengyun 4A satellite, and incorporates the Deep Spatial Feature Transform (SFT) layer to incorporate geographical data for estimating half‐hourly precipitation in northeastern China. We assess it by compared to operational near‐real‐time satellite precipitation products demonstrated to be successful in estimating precipitation and baseline deep learning models. According to the experimental findings, the AttUnet_R_SFT model outperforms practical precipitation products and baseline deep learning models in both identifying and estimating precipitation. The main enhancement of the model performance is shown in the windward slope of the Greater Khingan Mountains as a result of the successful incorporation of geographical data. Hence, the suggested framework holds the capability to function as a superior and dependable satellite‐derived precipitation estimation solution in regions characterized by intricate terrain and infrequent rainfall. The findings of this study indicate that the utilization of deep learning algorithms for satellite precipitation estimation shows potential as a fruitful avenue for further research. Plain Language Summary: A deep learning model named AttUnet_R_SFT is proposed, which use high temporal, spatial and spectral resolution data from the Fengyun 4A satellite, and combines with the Deep Spatial Feature Transform (SFT) layer to input geographic information for half‐hourly precipitation estimation in the complex terrain region represented by northeast China. The model can provide a reference for improving the performance of precipitation estimation in areas with complex topography. Key Points: A deep‐learning model is proposed to effectively fuse satellite multispectral data of the Fengyun 4A satellite, with topographic informationHalf‐hourly precipitation is estimated with higher temporal resolution, which is closer to the operational needs of weather forecastingAs precipitation in the study area is a non‐high‐frequency event, data enhancement is attempted to use and obtain effective results [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A convenient and effective method based on vector analysis was proposed in this paper to quantitatively describe the pattern of the wind speed distribution curve. This method can accurately describe the steepness of the single‐peak curve by using two parameters of concentration degree (CD) and concentration period (CP). Through the analysis of wind speed data in China over the past 40 years, this paper found that regional wind resources with larger CD were poorer, while regional wind resources with larger CP were richer. In addition, there were obvious cubic relationships between the CP and the average wind power density. These two parameters could reflect the richness of wind energy and realize the comparisons of wind resources across time and scales. In comparison with conventional approaches, this method is simpler and avoids fitting process, which has broad promotion prospects in the field of power grids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sanding production of the underground gas storage (UGS) in the depleted reservoir will cause the decline of effective storage capacity, and the erosion of well string and auxiliary equipment, and other engineering problems. A deep understanding of the sanding production contributes to maintaining the injection and production capacity of gas storage and the long‐term safety of the UGS. In this paper, core samples of five main sedimentary microfacies were drilled from the UGS in middle China. The mechanical properties with different conditions of the moisture content in multi‐cycling injection–production process were tested. The critical drawdown pressure (CDP) calculation methods for the UGS were established based on the stress analysis near the wellbore and the Mogi–Coulomb criterion. Adopting the finite element method simulation on the geological model of the target UGS, the geo‐stress of the formation was calculated by inversed analysis and validated based on the Kaiser effect of rock. Then, the CDP of two target wells of the UGS were investigated. The effects of the water moisture and the cycling times of the injection–production process on the CDP were also analyzed. The geo‐stress distribution shows that the horizontal maximum principal stress ranges from 53 to 68 MPa, and the horizontal minimum principal stress is 46–58 MPa in the target reservoir section, and the vertical minimum principal stress is 69–77 MPa in the target reservoir. The calculated CDP changed with the types of the sedimentary microfacies in the range of [6.27, 8.77] MPa, in which the CDP of the mixed mud and sand flat sedimentary facies was the lowest. The weakness of the CDP with the increasing of the moisture content and the cycling times were analyzed quantitively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving total factor productivity (TFP) is essential to achieving high‐quality and sustainable economic development. The existing literature mainly focuses on the impact of traditional infrastructure on TFP but generally ignores the role of new digital infrastructure in TFP and does not test impact mechanisms and whether there is heterogeneity in effects. Using panel data of 30 regions in China from 2006 to 2017, this paper analyzes the impact of new digital infrastructure on TFP and its mechanisms. The results are as follows: (1) New digital infrastructure can significantly improve regional TFP. After the robustness test, the results still support the findings. (2) New digital infrastructure can promote technological innovation, optimize factor allocation, and achieve economies of scale, thus improving TFP. (3) Further analysis shows that the positive effect of new digital infrastructure on TFP shows significant heterogeneity. In regions with high economic development levels, high research and development (R&D) levels, and high traditional infrastructure development levels, the positive effect of new digital infrastructure on TFP is more obvious. These findings not only enrich the literature on digital infrastructure and economic growth but also serve as a reference for governmental departments as they optimize their strategy for developing digital infrastructure and realizing sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In network real‐time kinematic positioning of multi‐reference station, the spatial and temporal distribution of tropospheric delay is affected by both horizontal and elevation. The traditional modeling strategy of regional troposphere takes more consideration of the horizontal factor, and the incomplete consideration of the elevation factor will lead to the problem of reduced modeling accuracy, especially in the face of the scene with large regional height deviation. Based on the traditional linear interpolation method (LIM), a simple and effective height‐deviation compensation‐based linear interpolation method (HCLIM) for regional tropospheric is proposed. The modeling accuracy of troposphere and the positioning accuracy of user RTK in large height deviation region are significantly improved. The method was verified based on six experimental subnets with large height deviations from a provincial continuously operating GNSS reference stations network in central China. The results showed that: For GPS satellite modeling, compared with the traditional LIM method, the average modeling accuracy improvement rate of HCLIM method is (84.5%, 75.5%, 59.3%, 26.7%) in the elevation angle range of (10–30°/30–40°/40–50°/50–90°). For BDS satellite, the average modeling accuracy improvement rate of HCLIM method in the above four elevation angles is (83.3%, 70%, 50%, 23.5%). For the positioning performance of user RTK, The horizontal positioning accuracy and RTK fixing rate were similar under the two methods, while HCLIM method showed only slight improvement. However, in the U direction, LIM method showed obvious systematic bias, while HCLIM method showed consistent positioning accuracy, which was improved to 82.8% compared with LIM method. Plain Language Summary: In GNSS relative positioning, the positioning performance of user largely depends on the extent to which atmospheric deviations (ionospheric delay or tropospheric delay) are eliminated or weakened. Compared with the ionosphere, the temporal and spatial characteristics of troposphere are significantly different. It is part of the lower atmosphere, extends from the Earth's surface to an altitude of about 20 km, and contains most of the atmospheric water vapor. The delay of satellite signals through the troposphere is affected by both horizontal and elevation. The traditional tropospheric regional modeling strategy only uses plane coordinates for interpolation, ignoring the influence of elevation factors or the consideration of height‐deviation is not perfect. When the height difference between the reference station and the rover station is large, the modeling accuracy will obviously be reduced. The large modeling residual may bring systematic deviation to the user coordinates, especially the elevation direction component. In this paper, we propose a regional tropospheric linear interpolation method (HCLIM) considering height deviation compensation. This method is simple and effective, The modeling accuracy of troposphere and the positioning accuracy of user RTK in large height difference region are significantly improved. Key Points: A simple and effective height‐deviation compensation‐based linear interpolation method (HCLIM) for regional tropospheric is proposedThe HCLIM method greatly improves the tropospheric modeling accuracy of each elevation angle range in the large height difference site areaThe HCLIM method significantly improves the systematic bias in elevation direction of user RTK positioning due to modeling residuals [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the opportunistic method to estimate rainfall using commercial microwave links (CMLs) has been shown as an efficient way to complement traditional instruments in terms of spatial‐temporal resolution and coverage. In this paper, we collected data from 26 CMLs in Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, and conducted experiments on rainfall field reconstruction and nowcasting. First, the raw CML data were processed to invert the path‐averaged rainfall intensity. Second, the algorithms of inverse distance weighting (IDW) and ordinary kriging (OK) interpolation were employed to reconstruct the rainfall field. Then a 10‐min prediction of the rainfall field was achieved using a nowcasting model based on the long short‐term memory neural network and a setup window was introduced to improve the prediction performance of the first few minutes. The reconstruction results show that the average correlation coefficient (ACC) and the average root mean square error (ARMSE) between the IDW‐based results and daily cumulative rainfall from rain gauges (RGs) are 0.89 and 8.69 mm, respectively, while the ACC and ARMSE between the OK‐based results and RG data are 0.89 and 9.13 mm, respectively. The nowcasting results show that the ACC between the prediction results with a 5‐min setup window and the IDW‐retrieved rainfall fields can reach 0.91 at the first minute and gradually decrease to 0.20 within 10 min. Furthermore, the model has better nowcasting performance for stratiform precipitation and mixed precipitation compared to convective precipitation. Plain Language Summary: Accurate and real‐time rainfall monitoring and forecasting are of great significance for disaster prevention and control, agriculture, meteorological research, and related fields. However, traditional rainfall measurement methods are insufficient for meeting the demands of comprehensive precipitation observations because of poor spatial‐temporal resolution and limited coverage. Currently, measuring rainfall using additional microwave attenuation caused by raindrops has been shown as an efficient way to complement traditional instruments. Based on commercial microwave link (CML) rainfall measurement technology, this paper carries out rainfall field reconstruction and nowcasting experiments in Jiangyin City, China. The results show the CML network enables accurate rainfall field reconstruction and nowcasting. Key Points: Based on the commercial microwave link (CML) rainfall monitoring network in Jiangyin, China, accurate rainfall inversion by CMLs is achievedThe two‐dimensional rainfall fields are accurately reconstructed using the inverse distance weighting and ordinary kriging interpolation algorithmsA long short‐term memory‐based rainfall field nowcasting model is proposed to achieve 10‐min continuous predictions of rainfall fields [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's carbon emissions trading (CET) policy aims to force relevant enterprises to implement low‐carbon technology innovation and address environmental challenges through marketization means. However, how China's CET policy may affect enterprise technology innovation and whether this effect may differ in industries remain to be further investigated. Therefore, based on the panel data of listed enterprises covered by the CET policy in China during 2009–2017, this paper employs the difference‐in‐difference (DID) and DID‐based propensity score matching models to evaluate the effect of CET on technology innovation. The empirical results indicate that the effect of China's CET on the technology innovation of related enterprises is generally not significant during the sample period, but this effect presents evident industrial heterogeneity. Specifically, among the eight CET‐covered industries, the CET policy helps to improve technology innovation for power and aviation enterprises but not in the other six industries (i.e., steel, chemical, building material, petrochemical, nonferrous metals, and paper), which implies that China's CET policy still has great potential for promoting the technology innovation of related enterprises. In addition, the central findings remain robust when the system generalized method of moment and DID‐based coarsened exact matching models are applied to consider the influence of omitted variables, unobservable confounders, and different matching methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving environmental equity is important for ensuring resource utilization efficiency and realizing sustainable development. Using panel data of 286 cities in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper analyzes whether financial support in the form of digital finance can mitigate environmental inequality. The findings indicate that (1) digital finance has a significant mitigating effect on environmental inequality. Digital finance development has a stronger industrial pollution emission reduction effect on high‐polluting regions than on low‐polluting regions and can reduce the environmental pollution gap between regions. The results of robustness tests such as an endogeneity test support this finding. (2) Digital finance development can have a stronger mitigating effect on environmental inequality in regions with a stronger local government governance capacity and environmental preferences. Digital finance can be a more significant inhibitor of environmental inequality in areas where industries transfer out due to their stronger needs for industrial transformation and finance. (3) Residential income and green technology innovation are important factors affecting industrial pollution emissions and reductions. Digital finance development can narrow the income gap between regions and promote the convergence of green technology innovation capacity, in turn alleviating environmental inequality. In the future, while continuing to promote the development of digital finance, it is necessary to improve the governance capacity of local governments, to increase the efficiency of resource utilization in places where industrial transfer is undertaken and to strengthen the role of financial support in industrial pollution control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of re‐electrification, traditional load forecasting faces a significant increase of influencing factors. Existing literature focuses on examining the influencing factors related to load profiles in order to improve the prediction accuracy. However, a large number of redundant features may lead to the overfitting of the forecasting engine. To enhance the performance of extreme learning machine (ELM) under massive data scale, this paper presents a kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) based method which can be used for short‐term load prediction. First, a feature dimensionality reduction is performed using a kernelized principal component analysis, which aims to eliminate redundant input vectors. Then, the hyperparameters of KELM are optimized to improve the prediction accuracy and generalization. Case studies based on a province‐level power system in China demonstrate that the presented method can significantly improve the accuracy of load forecasting by 3.14% in contrast to traditional ELM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the development of hip arthroscopy in China through reviewing the change of the application of hip arthroscopy operation on treating femoracetabular impingement (FAI). Method: Papers were retrieved from January 1, 2005 to November 1, 2019, from databases CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, and Embase. The keywords are Hip Impingement, Femoroacetabular impingement, Hip arthroscopy, Arthroscopic operation, Hip Arthroscopy operation, and Arthroscope, etc. The quality of papers was assessed through MINORS , and statistics and meta‐analysis were performed by Word, Excel, and Revman 5.3 Zurich, Switzerland. Results: From a total of 8,953 papers, 46 review articles without data and 48 articles with data were involved, and 25 papers were included in the Meta‐analysis. The twenty‐five papers were selected from 48 papers with data, of which 41 were reported in Chinese, 11 were missing complete Harris scores, five did not mention the number of patients who had lost follow‐up, three had minors quality scores below 7, one did not have enough FAI cases, and three did not have standard deviations in Harris scores. Overall, in China, the application of hip arthroscopy regarding FAI has flourished while maintaining a high level of treatment and has reached its peak in the past 2 years. Conclusion: With the rapid development of hip arthroscopy in China, hip operation is widely recognized, many reports on its application on FAI have emerged successively, and the scope of application and technical level have been improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the chemical flooding process, the premature breakthrough of chemical agents in production wells results in a large waste of chemical agents and increases the volume and processing difficulty of the produced fluids. The early warning method of chemical agent channeling can predict the strength of agent channeling in advance. The practice of chemical flooding shows that the production performance can be used for early warning of chemical agent channeling. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between cumulative oil production and cumulative polymer production of production wells in polymer–surfactant flooding. Three types of curves according to the enhanced oil production characteristics of chemical flooding, including convex type, S‐type, and concave type. We use the drop speed of the water–oil ratio and the rapid‐decline speed of water cut as early warning indicators to predict the channeling coefficient. A Latin hypercube experimental design method is used to design a polymer–surfactant flooding scheme with the main control factors of the channeling coefficient and early warning indicators. Numerical simulation is used to calculate samples of the channeling coefficient and early warning indicators under various conditions. The drop speed of the water–oil ratio reference value model and the rapid‐decline speed of the water cut reference value model are determined with a multiple regression method. A prediction model for the chemical agent channeling coefficient is established using the deviation coefficient of an early warning index. The method is applied in the Ng54‐61 polymer–surfactant flooding pilot area in the west of the Gudong Seventh District, Shengli Oilfield, China, and the error between the predicted result and the actual value is less than 10%. This research is helpful in taking effective antichanneling measures and improving the oil recovery degree of chemical flooding reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All provinces of China respond to the central government, predict future carbon dioxide emissions, and formulate action plans detailing how the province intends to fulfill its target of carbon emission peaking before 2030. Based on the bottom‐up energy consumption prediction and top‐down goal verification, this paper constructs a set of regional carbon dioxide emission prediction methods. Compared to the traditional bottom‐up prediction method, this method could simplify the parameters while improving the prediction accuracy. This model is used to predict and analyze the process of carbon dioxide emission peaking in Zhejiang. The results show that the mean absolute percentage error of the retrospective prediction value is only 1.56%. Zhejiang will reach carbon dioxide emission peaking around 2029–2030, and the peak value will be 569.7 million tons. Different factors have different effects on the process of carbon dioxide emission peaking. There is a strong correlation between the peak time of carbon dioxide emission and the production time of major energy‐consuming projects in Zhejiang. Meanwhile, if the 16 nuclear reactors are not put into operation, Zhejiang will not be able to achieve the goal of carbon dioxide emission peaking. Besides, the basic data used in this model is mainly from the local statistical departments of the region. Thus, it can be applied to other provinces and regions conveniently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concerted effort to reduce ecological damages requires that the role of enterprises should be extended to incorporate environmental issues into their core business objectives. Despite huge developments in sustainable entrepreneurship research, outcomes of sustainable entrepreneurship uptake remain largely unclear. Drawing on data of Chinese firms, and utilizing fixed effects regression, our paper evaluates the conditions under which compliance with environmental regulation may enable or constrain corporate performance. We find that environmental compliance lowers corporate market performance and improves financial performance at the same time. We also find that the decline in market performance is reversed for large and privately owned enterprises, highlighting the role of firm size and ownership in corporate performance. When distinguishing between market‐ and financial performance, our evidence shows that environmental compliance will most likely improve market performance when enterprise carbon intensity level is low and improve financial performance when enterprise carbon intensity level is high. As we have discussed in our paper, these results have several implications from the point of view of managers, firm stakeholders, and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper qualitatively and quantitatively examines the development of the sovereign debt market in Prewar China under different governments. During the Beijing Era (1912–26), accompanied by the establishment of necessary financial institutions, the sovereign debt market emerged to meet fiscal needs. Surprisingly, the Nationalist government, in power from 1927, successfully cultivated a robust market characterized by its expanding size and liquidity. Setting itself apart from its predecessors, the government established credibility as a borrower in two key ways. Firstly, it demonstrated unwavering commitment to debt service by settling previous debts and offering well‐structured new ones, even during challenging times. Furthermore, the government escrowed fiscal revenue, pledged for debt repayments, to a semi‐independent committee of private bankers on behalf of debtholders, enhancing public confidence. Secondly, the government showcased its ability to secure tax revenues for debt repayments. However, starting from 1931/2, the debt market experienced a decline due to the government's compromised ability to pay resulting from external wars and shifting political priorities that weakened its commitment to debt repayments. Empirical evidence confirms the market's responsiveness to regime shifts and policy changes. This paper sheds light on how a nascent autocratic government can successfully borrow from the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assesses the midsummer precipitation prediction over eastern China by the dynamic downscaling method. Based on the Climate Forecast System version 2 of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the Weather Research and Forecasting Model, the prediction performance of global and regional models on the July precipitation over eastern China is further analyzed by hindcast experiments from 1982 to 2010 and prediction experiments from 2011 to 2021. The results suggest that the regional model forced by the global model can noticeably improve the prediction skill for precipitation in eastern China, especially in the region from the South of North China to the Yangtze River Basin, referred as the northern China in this paper. In addition, we perform a diagnostic analysis of the reason for the improvement of the model prediction skill. The results indicate that the high resolution of the regional model and the refinement of physical process parameterizations contribute to improving the simulation ability for the East Asian atmospheric circulation pattern, heat flux, especially for the meridional teleconnection pattern in East Asia and the sensible heat flux in the northern China, thus further improving precipitation prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, China's automobile industry has undergone rapid development, creating new opportunities for the auto loan industry. Currently, auto financing companies are actively seeking to expand their cooperation with banks. Therefore, improving the approval rate and scale of joint loan business is of significant practical importance. In this paper, we propose a Stacking‐based financial institution risk approval model and select the optimal stacking model by comparing its performance with other models. Additionally, we construct a bank approval model using deep learning techniques on a biased data set, with feature extraction performed using convolution neural networks (CNN) and feature‐based counterfactual augmentation used for balanced sampling. Finally, we optimize the model of the prediction of auto finance companies by selecting the optimal coefficients of loss function based on the features and results of the bank approval model. The proposed approach leads to an approximately 6% increase in the joint loan approval rate on the actual data set, as demonstrated by experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]