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Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family proteins are considered to be epigenetic readers that regulate gene expression by recognizing acetyl lysine residues on histones and nonhistone chromatin factors and have been classified as curative targets for a variety of cancers. Glioma‐initiating cells (GICs), which commit self‐renewal, perpetual proliferation, multidirectional differentiation, and vigorous tumorigenicity, sustain the peculiar genetic and epigenetic diversification in the GBM patients, thus, GICs result in tumor recurrence. Abundant evidence demonstrates that BET proteins regulate differentiation of stem cells. However, it endures ambiguous how individual BET proteins take part in GIC advancement, and how do small molecule inhibitors like I‐BET151 target functional autonomous BET proteins. Here, we validated that BRD4, not BRD2 or BRD3, has value in targeted glioma therapy. We announce a signaling pathway concerning BRD4 and Notch1 that sustains the self‐renewal of GICs. Moreover, in‐depth mechanistic research showed that BRD4 was concentrated at the promoter region of Notch1 and may be involved in the process of tumor metabolism. Furthermore, in intracranial models, I‐BET151 eliminated U87 GICs’ tumorigenicity. The outcomes of this research could be conducive to design clinical trials for treatment of glioma based on BRD4., 1. We evaluated BRD4, not BRD2 or BRD3, has value in targeted glioma therapy. 2. A signaling pathway involving BRD4 and Notch1 sustains GICs’ self‐renewal. 3. BRD4 was enriched at Notch1 promoter region and may be involved in the process of tumor metabolism. 4. BRD4 abolished the tumorigenicity of GICs in intracranial model after I‐BET151 (BET inhibitor) treatment.

Buparlisib is a selective phosphoinositide 3 kinase inhibitor currently evaluated in clinical trials. We developed and validated an LC-MS/MS coupled with a one-step protein precipitation extraction method for the quantitation of buparlisib in rat plasma. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile, the plasma sample was analyzed using a Cortecs UPLC C18 column, with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase system. Mass spectrometric detection was conducted in positive ionization mode, with target quantitative ion pair of m/z 411.2 → 367.2 for buparlisib. The calibration curve showed good linearity (1.0-3000 ng/ml), with acceptable accuracy (RE ranging from -6.2 to 5.9%) and precision (RSD within 8.2%) values at quality control concentrations. Extraction recovery from plasma was 80.9-88.7% and the matrix effect was negligible (92.6-95.2%). The validated method presented a simple quantification method of buparlisib in detail and utilized it for a pharmacokinetic study at three dose concentrations after oral administration in Wistar rats.

Bimetallic phosphate electrocatalysts on carbon-cloth support are among the most promising industry-relevant solutions for electrocatalytic hydrogen production. To address the persistent issue of hetero-phase interfacing on carbon support while ensuring high activity and stability, a low-cost, high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalyst is developed. Bi-phase Ni12P5-Ni4Nb5P4 nanocrystals with rich heterointerfaces and phase edges are successfully fabricated on carbon cloth (CC), which is enabled by intentional defect creation by atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma (PCC). The obtained Ni12P5-Ni4Nb5P4/PCC electrocatalyst exhibits excellent HER performance, heralded by the low overpotentials of 81 and 287 mV for delivering current densities of 10 (j10) and 500 (j500) mA cm−2, respectively. Meanwhile, the Ni12P5-Ni4Nb5P4/PCC maintains spectacular catalytic activity at high current density region (>j615), which outperformed the industry-relevant benchmark Pt/C/PCC catalyst. The catalyst grown on the plasma-treated support shows remarkably longer operation and ultra-stable electrocatalytic characteristics over 100 h continuous operation. Ab initio numerical simulations reveal that Ni atoms exposed in the heterointerfaces act as the main catalytically active centers for HER.

In this paper, we present a large area nanosecond pulse gas-liquid diffuse discharge plasma with small flow rate of helium as working gas. The discharge images, the waveforms of pulse voltage & current, the emission spectra, and the gas temperature are measured or calculated. As a energy-efficient sterilization for sewage, the efficiency of sewage sterilization in both static liquid and flowed liquid are investigated. It is found that an optimal value of helium gas flow rate in the production of reactive oxygen species (OH, O) can be obtained when the He flow rate is 5mlmin � 1 , under this condition, high inactivation efficiencies of bacteria and fungus can be presented.

In this paper, the different discharge and polymerizing characteristics of Ar and He atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) were studied. The as-deposited polymer of acrylic acid (PAA) on silk fibroin film (SFF) by APPJs with Ar/O2 and He/O2 gases is investigated with AFM, FESEM and XPS. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) measurements indicated that various reactive radicals, such as OH and O as well as some acrylic acid (AA) particles existed in the plasma jets. AFM images showed that the He/O2 plasma-deposited films had the most homogeneous characteristics and good water resistance properties. The cross-sections of silicon substrates obtained by FESEM showed that the deposition rates of PAA were 50 nm center dot min1 and 15nm center dot min1 for Ar/O2 and He/O2 plasmas, respectively. Also, according to XPS analysis, He/O2 plasma created a higher concentration of carboxyl groups on the deposited film than when Ar/O2 plasma was used.

The aim of this work is to coat silk fibers (SF) with polymer of acrylic acid (PAA) using an atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) plasma jet in order to immobilize antimicrobial peptide LL-37. The polymer properties are characterized by contact angle goniometry (CAG), XPS, AFM and SEM. The CA of the SF film can be decreased to 340, and the surface roughness of PAA in the center of plasma jet is larger than in other areas. Compared with the original SF, the concentration of carboxyl group increases greatly when the SF are modified by Ar plasma jet polymerization of AA. The augmentation of functional groups is very useful to immobilize larger concentrations of microbial peptide LL-37 on the SF surface, and the satisfactory antimicrobial activity on inhibiting the Escherichia coli (E. coli) is thereby achieved.

The interactions between plasma-generated excited particles and water play an integral role in sustainable degradation of pharmaceutical compounds, improving aerobic respiration of activated sludge, and efficient removal of microorganisms from water, and are fundamental to the intentional transfer of reactivity from plasmas to biological solutions for such medical applications as cancer treatment and wound healing. The physical and chemical mechanisms that govern this transfer of reactivity are complex, and include concomitant generation and consumption of species in the gas and liquid phases, and at the interface. As such, it is challenging to predict the quantities of biologically-active radicals and molecules in liquid phase from gas phase measurements alone. Rapid and accurate quantification of reactive species, such as OH radicals and H2O2 molecules within the liquid phase and their link to specific biological effects is therefore critical for medical applications of plasma-activated solutions. Using a simple, low-cost method for trapping and stabilization of OH radicals by means of salicylic acid, this work seeks to provide further insights into the physics and chemistry of generation of OH radicals within the liquid phase, and integrate these findings with decontamination outcomes for four commonly used processing gases.