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International audience; Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in purely organic materials is an uncommon phenomenon of emission, which can be characterized by a long persistent luminescence after removal of the excitation source. In the recent years, RTP organic materials have received a considerable attention due to their high application potential in various advancing technologies, ranging from optoelectronic to biomedical applications. In parallel, many progresses have been achieved on the rationalization of this process and led to the emergence of innovative strategies aiming to achieve highest performances both in terms of phosphorescence efficiency and lifetime. While the topic is still on an ascendant development, the generation of circularly polarized phosphorescent (CPP) emission from purely organic molecules is by far much less explored and remains an impressive challenge. Still, the perspective of CPP materials appears as an interesting opportunity to answer several comprehensives issues existing in the field. In this article, we define, in a straightforward way, basic principles and key notions for the generation of RTP and CP luminescence (CPL) guiding the design toward CPP materials. After this brief insight, recent advances in the field of chiral organic RTP materials are discussed with an emphasis on their CP-RTP properties. Based on this development, the conclusion drawn allows establishing the next challenges and future opportunities standing in the field.