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1. A novel murine model of reversible bile duct obstruction demonstrates rapid improvement of cholestatic liver injury

Author

Sarah A. Taylor, Xin‐Yi Yeap, Jiao‐Jing Wang, Kyle D. Gromer, Alyssa Kriegermeier, Richard M. Green, and Zheng J. Zhang

Subjects
biliary obstruction, cholestasis, liver injury, liver repair, macrophages, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract

Abstract There are limited murine models of cholestatic liver diseases characterized by chronic biliary obstruction and resumption of bile flow. While murine bile duct ligation (BDL) is a well‐established model of obstructive cholestasis, current models of BDL reversal (BDLR) alter biliary anatomy. We aimed to develop a more physiologic model of BDLR to evaluate the time course and mechanism for resolution of hepatic injury after biliary obstruction. In the present study, we restored bile flow into the duodenum without disruption of the gall bladder after murine BDL using biocompatible PE‐50 tubing. After establishing the technique, overall survival for BDLR at 7 or 14 days after BDL was 88%. Sham laparotomy was performed in control mice. Laboratory data, liver histology, and hepatic gene expression were compared among BDL, BDLR, and controls. Laboratory evidence of cholestatic liver injury was observed at day 7 after BDL and rapid improvement occurred within 48 hr of BDLR. After BDLR there was also enhanced gene expression for the bile acid transporter Abcb11, however, bile duct proliferation persisted. Assessment of the immune response showed increased gene and protein expression for the general immune cell marker Cd45 in BDLR versus BDL mice suggesting a reparative immune response after BDLR. In summary, we have established a novel murine model of BDLR that allows for the investigation into bile acid and immune pathways responsible for hepatic repair following obstructive cholestasis. Future studies with our model may identify targets for new therapies to improve outcome in pediatric and adult cholestatic liver disease.

Published
2020
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4. Cation-Diffusion-Based Simultaneous Bulk and Surface Passivations for High Bandgap Inverted Perovskite Solar Cell Producing Record Fill Factor and Efficiency

Author

Mahmud, MA, Zheng, J, Tang, S, Wang, G, Bing, J, Bui, AD, Qu, J, Yang, L, Liao, C, Chen, H, Bremner, SP, Nguyen, HT, Cairney, J, and Ho-Baillie, AWY

Subjects
0303 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry, 0912 Materials Engineering, 0915 Interdisciplinary Engineering
Abstract

High bandgap perovskite solar cells are integral to perovskite-based multi-junction tandem solar cells with efficiency potentials over 40%. However, at present, high bandgap perovskite devices underperform compared to their mid bandgap counterparts in terms of voltage outputs and fill factors resulting in lower than ideal efficiencies. Here, the low fill factor aspect of high bandgap perovskite is addressed by developing a cation-diffusion-based double-sided interface passivation scheme that simultaneously provides bulk passivation for a 1.75 eV perovskite cell that is also compatible with a p-i-n cell architecture. The champion cell achieves a record fill factor of 86.5% and a power conversion efficiency of 20.2%. Results of ionic distribution profiling, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction crystallography reveal evidence of cation diffusion from the surface perovskite passivation layer into bulk. The diffused cations reduce Shockley–Read–Hall recombination in the perovskite bulk and at the surfaces with the latter being more dominant as confirmed by light-intensity dependent and temperature-dependent open-circuit voltage measurements as well as thermal admittance spectroscopy. This concurrent bulk and surface passivation scheme renders record fill factor and efficiency in the double-side passivated cells. This provides new insights for future passivation strategies based on ionic diffusion of functionalized materials.

Published
2022

6. Systematic druggable genome‐wide Mendelian randomization identifies therapeutic targets for sarcopenia

Author

Kang‐Fu Yin, Ting Chen, Xiao‐Jing Gu, Wei‐Ming Su, Zheng Jiang, Si‐Jia Lu, Bei Cao, Li‐Yi Chi, Xia Gao, and Yong‐Ping Chen

Subjects
Colocalization, Druggable genes, Mendelian randomization, Sarcopenia, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935, Human anatomy, QM1-695
Abstract

Abstract Background There are no effective pharmacological treatments for sarcopenia. We aim to identify potential therapeutic targets for sarcopenia by integrating various publicly available datasets. Methods We integrated druggable genome data, cis‐eQTL/cis‐pQTL from human blood and skeletal muscle tissue, and GWAS summary data of sarcopenia‐related traits to analyse the potential causal relationships between drug target genes and sarcopenia using the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method. Sensitivity analyses and Bayesian colocalization were employed to validate the causal relationships. We also assessed the side effects or additional indications of the identified drug targets using a phenome‐wide MR (Phe‐MR) approach and investigated actionable drugs for target genes using available databases. Results MR analysis identified 17 druggable genes with potential causation to sarcopenia in human blood or skeletal muscle tissue. Six of them (HP, HLA‐DRA, MAP 3K3, MFGE8, COL15A1, and AURKA) were further confirmed by Bayesian colocalization (PPH4 > 90%). The up‐regulation of HP [higher ALM (beta: 0.012, 95% CI: 0.007–0.018, P = 1.2*10−5) and higher grip strength (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94–0.98, P = 4.2*10−5)], MAP 3K3 [higher ALM (beta: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.21–0.26, P = 1.8*10−94), higher grip strength (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75–0.90, P = 2.1*10−5), and faster walking pace (beta: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.02–0.05, P = 8.5*10−6)], and MFGE8 [higher ALM (muscle eQTL, beta: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.06–0.11, P = 6.1*10−13; blood pQTL, beta: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.03–0.07, P = 3.8*10−09)], as well as the down‐regulation of HLA‐DRA [lower ALM (beta: ‐0.09, 95% CI: −0.11 to −0.08, P = 5.4*10−36) and lower grip strength (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07–1.20, P = 1.8*10−5)] and COL15A1 [higher ALM (muscle eQTL, beta: ‐0.07, 95% CI: −0.10 to −0.04, P = 3.4*10−07; blood pQTL, beta: ‐0.05, 95% CI: −0.06 to −0.03, P = 1.6*10−07)], decreased the risk of sarcopenia. AURKA in blood (beta: ‐0.16, 95% CI: −0.22 to −0.09, P = 2.1*10−06) and skeletal muscle (beta: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.05, P = 5.3*10−05) tissues showed an inverse relationship with sarcopenia risk. The Phe‐MR indicated that the six potential therapeutic targets for sarcopenia had no significant adverse effects. Drug repurposing analysis supported zinc supplementation and collagenase clostridium histolyticum might be potential therapeutics for sarcopenia by activating HP and inhibiting COL15A1, respectively. Conclusions Our research indicated MAP 3K3, MFGE8, COL15A1, HP, and HLA‐DRA may serve as promising targets for sarcopenia, while the effectiveness of zinc supplementation and collagenase clostridium histolyticum for sarcopenia requires further validation.

Published
2024
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7. TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

Author

Kattge, J., Bonisch, G., Diaz, S., Lavorel, S., Prentice, I. C., Leadley, P., Tautenhahn, S., Werner, G. D. A., Aakala, T., Abedi, M., Acosta, A. T. R., Ciccarelli, D., Fontana, V., Roberts, S., Robroek, B., Roddy, A., Marchetti, Z., Rodrigues, A. V., Bekker, R., Honnay, O., Chapin, F. S., Bauters, M., Amiaud, B., Rogers, A., Rollinson, E., Rolo, V., Romermann, C., Ronzhina, D., Amoroso, M. M., Marchino, L., Coll, L., Roscher, C., Cherubini, P., Kloeppel, B., Rosell, J. A., Rosenfield, M. F., Kraft, N. J. B., Hornstein, D., Rossi, C., Roy, D. B., Belfry, G., Royer-Tardif, S., Marcilio-Silva, V., Pakeman, R. J., Ruger, N., Ma, S. Y., Ruiz-Peinado, R., Forey, E., Rumpf, S. B., Collins, C. G., Kramer, K., Rusch, G. M., Hou, E. Q., Ryo, M., Papageorgiou, A. C., Sack, L., Falster, D. S., Ammer, C., Saldana, A., Salgado-Negret, B., Salguero-Gomez, R., Belluau, M., Santa-Regina, I., Forgiarini, C., Bahalkeh, K., Parfionova, E., Santacruz-Garcia, A. C., Santos, J., Asmara, D. H., Morrison, J., Marcon, E., Conti, L., Sardans, J., Schamp, B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schleuning, M., Koike, F., Schmid, B., Schmidt, M., Kreft, H., Schmitt, S., Mucina, L., Francois, L., Marignani, M., Beloiu, M., Ejtehadi, H., Schneider, J. V., Partel, M., Schowanek, S. D., Coomes, D., Schrader, J., Schrodt, F., Schuldt, B., Mueller, S., Kuhn, I., Schurr, F., Kitzberger, T., Garvizu, G. S., Patacca, M., Semchenko, M., Frangipani, M., Hough-Snee, N., Seymour, C., Sfair, J. C., Benavides, R., Muir, C. D., Sharpe, J. M., Albert, C. H., Kumarathunge, D., Finegan, B., Cailleret, M., Sheppard, C. S., Sheremetiev, S., Shiodera, S., Shipley, B., Shovon, T. A., Adamidis, G. C., Muller, S. C., Frank, D., Siebenkas, A., Baldocchi, D., Sierra, C., Silva, V., Markesteijn, L., Kuppler, J., Silva, M., Benomar, L., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Sitzia, T., Baruch, Z., Sjoman, H., Moravcova, L., Slot, M., Hovstad, K. A., Smith, N. G., Frenette-Dussault, C., Martin, A., Sodhi, D., Kurokawa, H., Soltis, P., Soltis, D., Heuertz, M., Camac, J., Somers, B., Sonnier, G., Sorensen, M. V., Cornwell, W. K., Berdugo-Lattke, M. L., Ichie, T., Cavender-Bares, J., Sosinski, E. E., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Carbognani, M., Paula, S., Munoz, F., Freschet, G. T., Souza, A. F., Spasojevic, M., Sperandii, M. G., Stan, A. B., Stegen, J., Steinbauer, K., Baltzer, J., Stephan, J. G., Paule, J., Igic, B., Myers-Smith, I. H., Corona, P., Hattingh, W., Sterck, F., Berenguer, E., Fry, E. L., Stojanovic, D. B., Strydom, T., Suarez, M. L., Pauli, H., Martinez-Garza, C., Svenning, J. C., Pereira, C. M. R., Svitkova, I., Svitok, M., Illa, E., Kurosawa, Y., Svoboda, M., Swaine, E., Coyea, M., Pausas, J. G., Swenson, N., Byun, C., Martinez-Vilalta, J., Esquivel-Muelbert, A., Tabarelli, M., Bergamin, R., Takagi, K., Tappeiner, U., Tarifa, R., Burrascano, S., Peco, B., Isaac, M., Tauugourdeau, S., Tavsanoglu, C., te Beest, M., Myster, R. W., Maskova, T., Tedersoo, L., Craine, J., Fyllas, N. M., Thiffault, N., Chianucci, F., Thom, D., Thomas, E., Kuyah, S., Bergmann, J., Ishihara, M., Nagano, M., Thompson, K., Mason, K., Thornton, P. E., Thuiller, W., Kollmann, J., Tichy, L., Tissue, D., Tjoelker, M. G., Mazzochini, G. G., Craven, D., Laclau, J. P., Feng, Y. H., Tng, D. Y. P., Tobias, J., Fan, Y., Bazzato, E., Ivanov, L., Torok, P., Tarin, T., Carlucci, M. B., Torres-Ruiz, J. M., Tothmeresz, B., Treurnicht, M., Chelli, S., Trivellone, V., Lafleur, B., Penuelas, J., Anand, M., Kjoller, R., Trolliet, F., Cromsigt, J. P. G. M., Ivanova, L., Trotsiuk, V., Tsakalos, J. L., Tsiripidis, I., Naidu, S., Tysklind, N., Barneche, D. R., Umehara, T., Berner, L., Lallai, E., Mason, N., Usoltsev, V. A., Vadeboncoeur, M., Gachet, S., Vaezi, J., Elser, J., Narayanan, A., Helm, A., Valladares, F., Csecserits, A., Vamosi, J., van Bodegom, P. M., van Breugel, M., E-Vojtko, A., Bahn, M., Van Cleemput, E., van de Weg, M., van der Merwe, S., Perea, A., Natesan, B., Bernhardt-Romermann, M., Gallagher, R., Iversen, C. M., van der Plas, F., van der Sande, M. T., van Kleunen, M., Massad, T. J., Cufar, K., Lamb, E., Peri, P. L., Van Meerbeek, K., Negoita, L., Vanderwel, M., Vanselow, K. A., Varhammar, A., Varone, L., Valderrama, M. Y., Asner, G. P., Ganade, G., Masse, J., Hipp, A. L., Vassilev, K., Bigler, C., Hickler, T., Lamprecht, A., Vellend, M., Veneklaas, E. J., Cuntz, M., Verbeeck, H., Verheyen, K., Vibrans, A., Firn, J., Vieira, I., Mayrose, I., Camarero, J. J., Mack, M., Villacis, J., Ganga, F., Larkin, D. J., Violle, C., Vivek, P., Wagner, K., Petisco-Souza, A. C., Bjorkman, A. D., Waldram, M., Alcantara, J. M., McCarthy, J., Nelson, A. S., Waldron, A., Walker, A. P., Izquierdo, J., Waller, M., Hawes, J. E., Petraglia, A., Walther, G., Garcia-Palacios, P., Wang, H., Wang, F., Wang, W. Q., Han, W. X., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Watkins, H., Watkins, J., Blackman, C., Petritan, A. M., da Silva, A. C., Jackson, R. B., Laughlin, D., Weber, U., Weedon, J. T., Wei, L. P., Neuschulz, E. L., Gargaglione, V., McCormack, M. L., Weigelt, P., Phillips, O. L., Weiher, E., Wells, A. W., Wellstein, C., Wenk, E., Westoby, M., Carvalho, F., Jackson, B., Bastianelli, D., Westwood, A., Dahlin, K. M., Komac, B., Banerjee, A., Blanco, C., White, P. J., Garnier, E., Whitten, M., Williams, M., Winkler, D. E., Winter, K., Ni, J., Esser, G., Moreno-Martinez, A., Womack, C., Jactel, H., McCulloh, K., Wright, I. J., Wright, S. J., Wright, J., Dainese, M., Pinho, B. X., Marques, M., Niedrist, G., Pierce, S., Blonder, B., Ximenes, F., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y., Yamada, T., Klein, T., Yamaji, K., Jagodzinski, A. M., Yanai, R., Yankov, N., Yguel, B., Kitajima, K, Fernandez-Mendez, F., Zanini, K. J., Zanne, A. E., Dalke, I., Garrido, J. L., le Maire, G., McFadden, I. R., Zeleny, D., Zhao, Y. P., Blumenthal, D., Pillar, V. D., Jandt, U., Nieto, J., Zheng, J. M., Zheng, J., Zieminska, K., Zirbel, C. R., Zizka, G., Zo-Bi, I. C., Fang, J. Y., le Roux, P. C., Choat, B., Zotz, G., de Gasper, A. L., Chen, S. C., Dalle Fratte, M., Wirth, C., Jansen, S., Bocanegra-Gonzalez, K. T., Boeckx, P., Bohlman, S., Bohning-Gaese, K., Pisek, J., Hempel, S., Boisvert-Marsh, L., le Roux, E., Niinemets, U., Bond, W., Bond-Lamberty, B., Boom, A., Gea-Izquierdo, G., Boonman, C. C. F., Emilio, T., Beckmann, M., Anh, T. D. L., Bordin, K., McGill, B. J., Boughton, E. H., Maire, V., Boukili, V., Lee, T., Bowman, D. M. J. S., Bravo, S., Brendel, M. R., Hirons, A., Broadley, M. R., Brown, K. A., Anderson, C., Jenkins, T., McPartland, M. Y., Nolan, R., Bruelheide, H., Brumnich, F., Danihelka, J., Lens, F., Pomogaybin, A., Bruun, H. H., Bruy, D., Buchanan, S. W., Bucher, S. F., Buchmann, N., Buitenwerf, R., Ashman, T. L., Medeiros, J. S., Bunker, D. E., Jentsch, A., Flowers, T. J., Gibson, D., Burger, J., Baker, T., Dannoura, M., Dawson, S., de Beer, A. J., Alcazar, C. C., Baastrup-Spohr, L., De Frutos, A., Medlyn, B., Poorter, H., De Long, J. R., Dechant, B., Delagrange, S., Jespersen, J. R. P., Delpierre, N, He, T. H., Gillison, A. N., Derroire, G., Nottebrock, H., Dias, A. S., Moretti, M., Diaz-Toribio, M. H., Meerts, P., Dimitrakopoulos, P. G., Dobrowolski, M., Aleixo, I., Doktor, D., Drevojan, P., Campany, C., Lewis, S. L., Nouvellon, Y., Portsmuth, A., Dong, N., Dransfield, J., Giroldo, A., Mehrabi, Z., Dressler, S., Duarte, L., Ducouret, E., Dullinger, S., Durka, W., Duursma, R., Canullo, R., Novakovskiy, A., Ali, H., Lhotsky, B., Aspinwall, M., Dymova, O., Cervellini, M., Glasenhardt, M. C., Gleason, S., Gliesch, M., Scalon, M. C., Catford, J. A., Goldberg, E., Nystuen, K. O., Goldel, B., Gonzalez-Akre, E., Gonzalez-Andujar, J. L., Li, Y. Z., Anten, N., Kleyer, M., Jiang, G. F., Gonzalez-Melo, A., Poschlod, P., Gonzalez-Robles, A., Graae, B. J., O'Grady, A., Granda, E., Graves, S., Caccianiga, M., Green, W. A., Gregor, T., Estiarte, M., Meir, P., Potvin, C., Gross, N., Guerin, G. R., Johansen, J. L., Battles, J., Gunther, A., Antos, J., Gutierrez, A. G., Haddock, L, Haines, A., Hall, J., Pounds, D., Cadotte, M., Melo, F. P. L., Casanoves, F., Hambuckers, A., Ferrara, C., Johnson, D., Jokela, E. J., Joly, C. A., Engemann, K., Jordan, G. J., Powell, A. S., Joseph, G. S., Junaedi, D., Junker, R. R., Baranger, A., Campetella, G., Makela, A., Li, X. E., Justes, E., Atkin, O., Kabzems, R., Power, S. A., Kane, J., Kaplan, Z., Erfanian, M. B., Kattenborn, T., Kavelenova, L., Hentschel, J., O'Hara, K., Kearsley, E., Kempel, A., Lichstein, J. W., Chung, K. S., Kenzo, T., Campos, J. A., Kerkhoff, A., Khalil, M. I., Aubin, I., Kinlock, N. L., Erfmeier, A., O'Reilly-Nugent, A., Farris, E., Kissling, W. D., Hock, M., Liebergesell, M., Lim, J. Y., Lin, Y. S., Apgaua, D. M. G., Linares, J. C., Liu, C. J., Baker, W. J., Liu, D. J., Chen, A. P., Domingues, T. F., Mori, A. S., Mencuccini, M., Liu, U., Castagneyrol, B., Livingstone, S., Llusia, J., Lohbeck, M., He, P. C., Lopez-Garcia, A., Lopez-Gonzalez, G., Klotz, S., Prinzing, A., Lososova, Z., Louault, F., Meredieu, C., Lukacs, B. A., Fagan, W. F., Bakker, J. P., Lukes, P., Adamson, K., Luo, Y. J., Heberling, J. M., Puglielli, G., Hietz, P., Lussu, M., Messier, J., Meszaros, I., Metsaranta, J., Cano-Arboleda, L., Michaletz, S. T., Michelaki, C., Chacon-Madrigal, E., Migalina, S., Flynn, D. F. B, Herault, B., Oakley, S., Milla, R., Fazlioglu, F., Miller, J. E. D., Barlow, J., Minden, V., Klimesova, J., Ming, R., Mokany, K., Mallik, A., Moles, A. T., Molnar, V. A., Oberhuber, W., Molofsky, J., Heres, A. M., Chapin, K., Molz, M., Burslem, D. F. R. P., Montgomery, R. A., Klipel, J., Komatsu, K., Monty, A., Ohtsuka, T., Oliveira, R., Ollerer, K., Fagundez, J., Olson, M. E., Onipchenko, V., Ferreira, J., Onoda, Y., Knops, J. M. H., Beeckman, H., Bauerle, W., Higuchi, P., Onstein, R. E., Aiba, M., Ordonez, J. C., Makinen, H., Osada, N., Ostonen, I., Ottaviani, G., Otto, S., Pysek, P., Overbeck, G. E., Kohyama, T., Fidelis, A., Ozinga, W. A., Eckstein, R. L., Pahl, A. T., Malhado, A. C. M., Paine, C. E. T., Raevel, V., Rammig, A., Ransijn, J., Herz, K., Ray, C. A., Reich, P. B., Hogan, J. A., Reichstein, M., Manning, P., Chytry, M., Konig, C., Reid, D. E. B., Butterfield, B. J., Rejou-Mechain, M., Mori, S., de Dios, V. R., Beierkuhnlein, C., Ribeiro, S, Richardson, S, Riibak, K., Manzoni, S., Holl, K., Rillig, M. C., Harrison, S. P., Riviera, F., Morris, D., Robert, E. M. R., Kattge, J., Bonisch, G., Diaz, S., Lavorel, S., Prentice, I. C., Leadley, P., Tautenhahn, S., Werner, G. D. A., Aakala, T., Abedi, M., Acosta, A. T. R., Ciccarelli, D., Fontana, V., Roberts, S., Robroek, B., Roddy, A., Marchetti, Z., Rodrigues, A. V., Bekker, R., Honnay, O., Chapin, F. S., Bauters, M., Amiaud, B., Rogers, A., Rollinson, E., Rolo, V., Romermann, C., Ronzhina, D., Amoroso, M. M., Marchino, L., Coll, L., Roscher, C., Cherubini, P., Kloeppel, B., Rosell, J. A., Rosenfield, M. F., Kraft, N. J. B., Hornstein, D., Rossi, C., Roy, D. B., Belfry, G., Royer-Tardif, S., Marcilio-Silva, V., Pakeman, R. J., Ruger, N., Ma, S. Y., Ruiz-Peinado, R., Forey, E., Rumpf, S. B., Collins, C. G., Kramer, K., Rusch, G. M., Hou, E. Q., Ryo, M., Papageorgiou, A. C., Sack, L., Falster, D. S., Ammer, C., Saldana, A., Salgado-Negret, B., Salguero-Gomez, R., Belluau, M., Santa-Regina, I., Forgiarini, C., Bahalkeh, K., Parfionova, E., Santacruz-Garcia, A. C., Santos, J., Asmara, D. H., Morrison, J., Marcon, E., Conti, L., Sardans, J., Schamp, B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schleuning, M., Koike, F., Schmid, B., Schmidt, M., Kreft, H., Schmitt, S., Mucina, L., Francois, L., Marignani, M., Beloiu, M., Ejtehadi, H., Schneider, J. V., Partel, M., Schowanek, S. D., Coomes, D., Schrader, J., Schrodt, F., Schuldt, B., Mueller, S., Kuhn, I., Schurr, F., Kitzberger, T., Garvizu, G. S., Patacca, M., Semchenko, M., Frangipani, M., Hough-Snee, N., Seymour, C., Sfair, J. C., Benavides, R., Muir, C. D., Sharpe, J. M., Albert, C. H., Kumarathunge, D., Finegan, B., Cailleret, M., Sheppard, C. S., Sheremetiev, S., Shiodera, S., Shipley, B., Shovon, T. A., Adamidis, G. C., Muller, S. C., Frank, D., Siebenkas, A., Baldocchi, D., Sierra, C., Silva, V., Markesteijn, L., Kuppler, J., Silva, M., Benomar, L., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Sitzia, T., Baruch, Z., Sjoman, H., Moravcova, L., Slot, M., Hovstad, K. A., Smith, N. G., Frenette-Dussault, C., Martin, A., Sodhi, D., Kurokawa, H., Soltis, P., Soltis, D., Heuertz, M., Camac, J., Somers, B., Sonnier, G., Sorensen, M. V., Cornwell, W. K., Berdugo-Lattke, M. L., Ichie, T., Cavender-Bares, J., Sosinski, E. E., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Carbognani, M., Paula, S., Munoz, F., Freschet, G. T., Souza, A. F., Spasojevic, M., Sperandii, M. G., Stan, A. B., Stegen, J., Steinbauer, K., Baltzer, J., Stephan, J. G., Paule, J., Igic, B., Myers-Smith, I. H., Corona, P., Hattingh, W., Sterck, F., Berenguer, E., Fry, E. L., Stojanovic, D. B., Strydom, T., Suarez, M. L., Pauli, H., Martinez-Garza, C., Svenning, J. C., Pereira, C. M. R., Svitkova, I., Svitok, M., Illa, E., Kurosawa, Y., Svoboda, M., Swaine, E., Coyea, M., Pausas, J. G., Swenson, N., Byun, C., Martinez-Vilalta, J., Esquivel-Muelbert, A., Tabarelli, M., Bergamin, R., Takagi, K., Tappeiner, U., Tarifa, R., Burrascano, S., Peco, B., Isaac, M., Tauugourdeau, S., Tavsanoglu, C., te Beest, M., Myster, R. W., Maskova, T., Tedersoo, L., Craine, J., Fyllas, N. M., Thiffault, N., Chianucci, F., Thom, D., Thomas, E., Kuyah, S., Bergmann, J., Ishihara, M., Nagano, M., Thompson, K., Mason, K., Thornton, P. E., Thuiller, W., Kollmann, J., Tichy, L., Tissue, D., Tjoelker, M. G., Mazzochini, G. G., Craven, D., Laclau, J. P., Feng, Y. H., Tng, D. Y. P., Tobias, J., Fan, Y., Bazzato, E., Ivanov, L., Torok, P., Tarin, T., Carlucci, M. B., Torres-Ruiz, J. M., Tothmeresz, B., Treurnicht, M., Chelli, S., Trivellone, V., Lafleur, B., Penuelas, J., Anand, M., Kjoller, R., Trolliet, F., Cromsigt, J. P. G. M., Ivanova, L., Trotsiuk, V., Tsakalos, J. L., Tsiripidis, I., Naidu, S., Tysklind, N., Barneche, D. R., Umehara, T., Berner, L., Lallai, E., Mason, N., Usoltsev, V. A., Vadeboncoeur, M., Gachet, S., Vaezi, J., Elser, J., Narayanan, A., Helm, A., Valladares, F., Csecserits, A., Vamosi, J., van Bodegom, P. M., van Breugel, M., E-Vojtko, A., Bahn, M., Van Cleemput, E., van de Weg, M., van der Merwe, S., Perea, A., Natesan, B., Bernhardt-Romermann, M., Gallagher, R., Iversen, C. M., van der Plas, F., van der Sande, M. T., van Kleunen, M., Massad, T. J., Cufar, K., Lamb, E., Peri, P. L., Van Meerbeek, K., Negoita, L., Vanderwel, M., Vanselow, K. A., Varhammar, A., Varone, L., Valderrama, M. Y., Asner, G. P., Ganade, G., Masse, J., Hipp, A. L., Vassilev, K., Bigler, C., Hickler, T., Lamprecht, A., Vellend, M., Veneklaas, E. J., Cuntz, M., Verbeeck, H., Verheyen, K., Vibrans, A., Firn, J., Vieira, I., Mayrose, I., Camarero, J. J., Mack, M., Villacis, J., Ganga, F., Larkin, D. J., Violle, C., Vivek, P., Wagner, K., Petisco-Souza, A. C., Bjorkman, A. D., Waldram, M., Alcantara, J. M., McCarthy, J., Nelson, A. S., Waldron, A., Walker, A. P., Izquierdo, J., Waller, M., Hawes, J. E., Petraglia, A., Walther, G., Garcia-Palacios, P., Wang, H., Wang, F., Wang, W. Q., Han, W. X., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Watkins, H., Watkins, J., Blackman, C., Petritan, A. M., da Silva, A. C., Jackson, R. B., Laughlin, D., Weber, U., Weedon, J. T., Wei, L. P., Neuschulz, E. L., Gargaglione, V., McCormack, M. L., Weigelt, P., Phillips, O. L., Weiher, E., Wells, A. W., Wellstein, C., Wenk, E., Westoby, M., Carvalho, F., Jackson, B., Bastianelli, D., Westwood, A., Dahlin, K. M., Komac, B., Banerjee, A., Blanco, C., White, P. J., Garnier, E., Whitten, M., Williams, M., Winkler, D. E., Winter, K., Ni, J., Esser, G., Moreno-Martinez, A., Womack, C., Jactel, H., McCulloh, K., Wright, I. J., Wright, S. J., Wright, J., Dainese, M., Pinho, B. X., Marques, M., Niedrist, G., Pierce, S., Blonder, B., Ximenes, F., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y., Yamada, T., Klein, T., Yamaji, K., Jagodzinski, A. M., Yanai, R., Yankov, N., Yguel, B., Kitajima, K, Fernandez-Mendez, F., Zanini, K. J., Zanne, A. E., Dalke, I., Garrido, J. L., le Maire, G., McFadden, I. R., Zeleny, D., Zhao, Y. P., Blumenthal, D., Pillar, V. D., Jandt, U., Nieto, J., Zheng, J. M., Zheng, J., Zieminska, K., Zirbel, C. R., Zizka, G., Zo-Bi, I. C., Fang, J. Y., le Roux, P. C., Choat, B., Zotz, G., de Gasper, A. L., Chen, S. C., Dalle Fratte, M., Wirth, C., Jansen, S., Bocanegra-Gonzalez, K. T., Boeckx, P., Bohlman, S., Bohning-Gaese, K., Pisek, J., Hempel, S., Boisvert-Marsh, L., le Roux, E., Niinemets, U., Bond, W., Bond-Lamberty, B., Boom, A., Gea-Izquierdo, G., Boonman, C. C. F., Emilio, T., Beckmann, M., Anh, T. D. L., Bordin, K., McGill, B. J., Boughton, E. H., Maire, V., Boukili, V., Lee, T., Bowman, D. M. J. S., Bravo, S., Brendel, M. R., Hirons, A., Broadley, M. R., Brown, K. A., Anderson, C., Jenkins, T., McPartland, M. Y., Nolan, R., Bruelheide, H., Brumnich, F., Danihelka, J., Lens, F., Pomogaybin, A., Bruun, H. H., Bruy, D., Buchanan, S. W., Bucher, S. F., Buchmann, N., Buitenwerf, R., Ashman, T. L., Medeiros, J. S., Bunker, D. E., Jentsch, A., Flowers, T. J., Gibson, D., Burger, J., Baker, T., Dannoura, M., Dawson, S., de Beer, A. J., Alcazar, C. C., Baastrup-Spohr, L., De Frutos, A., Medlyn, B., Poorter, H., De Long, J. R., Dechant, B., Delagrange, S., Jespersen, J. R. P., Delpierre, N, He, T. H., Gillison, A. N., Derroire, G., Nottebrock, H., Dias, A. S., Moretti, M., Diaz-Toribio, M. H., Meerts, P., Dimitrakopoulos, P. G., Dobrowolski, M., Aleixo, I., Doktor, D., Drevojan, P., Campany, C., Lewis, S. L., Nouvellon, Y., Portsmuth, A., Dong, N., Dransfield, J., Giroldo, A., Mehrabi, Z., Dressler, S., Duarte, L., Ducouret, E., Dullinger, S., Durka, W., Duursma, R., Canullo, R., Novakovskiy, A., Ali, H., Lhotsky, B., Aspinwall, M., Dymova, O., Cervellini, M., Glasenhardt, M. C., Gleason, S., Gliesch, M., Scalon, M. C., Catford, J. A., Goldberg, E., Nystuen, K. O., Goldel, B., Gonzalez-Akre, E., Gonzalez-Andujar, J. L., Li, Y. Z., Anten, N., Kleyer, M., Jiang, G. F., Gonzalez-Melo, A., Poschlod, P., Gonzalez-Robles, A., Graae, B. J., O'Grady, A., Granda, E., Graves, S., Caccianiga, M., Green, W. A., Gregor, T., Estiarte, M., Meir, P., Potvin, C., Gross, N., Guerin, G. R., Johansen, J. L., Battles, J., Gunther, A., Antos, J., Gutierrez, A. G., Haddock, L, Haines, A., Hall, J., Pounds, D., Cadotte, M., Melo, F. P. L., Casanoves, F., Hambuckers, A., Ferrara, C., Johnson, D., Jokela, E. J., Joly, C. A., Engemann, K., Jordan, G. J., Powell, A. S., Joseph, G. S., Junaedi, D., Junker, R. R., Baranger, A., Campetella, G., Makela, A., Li, X. E., Justes, E., Atkin, O., Kabzems, R., Power, S. A., Kane, J., Kaplan, Z., Erfanian, M. B., Kattenborn, T., Kavelenova, L., Hentschel, J., O'Hara, K., Kearsley, E., Kempel, A., Lichstein, J. W., Chung, K. S., Kenzo, T., Campos, J. A., Kerkhoff, A., Khalil, M. I., Aubin, I., Kinlock, N. L., Erfmeier, A., O'Reilly-Nugent, A., Farris, E., Kissling, W. D., Hock, M., Liebergesell, M., Lim, J. Y., Lin, Y. S., Apgaua, D. M. G., Linares, J. C., Liu, C. J., Baker, W. J., Liu, D. J., Chen, A. P., Domingues, T. F., Mori, A. S., Mencuccini, M., Liu, U., Castagneyrol, B., Livingstone, S., Llusia, J., Lohbeck, M., He, P. C., Lopez-Garcia, A., Lopez-Gonzalez, G., Klotz, S., Prinzing, A., Lososova, Z., Louault, F., Meredieu, C., Lukacs, B. A., Fagan, W. F., Bakker, J. P., Lukes, P., Adamson, K., Luo, Y. J., Heberling, J. M., Puglielli, G., Hietz, P., Lussu, M., Messier, J., Meszaros, I., Metsaranta, J., Cano-Arboleda, L., Michaletz, S. T., Michelaki, C., Chacon-Madrigal, E., Migalina, S., Flynn, D. F. B, Herault, B., Oakley, S., Milla, R., Fazlioglu, F., Miller, J. E. D., Barlow, J., Minden, V., Klimesova, J., Ming, R., Mokany, K., Mallik, A., Moles, A. T., Molnar, V. A., Oberhuber, W., Molofsky, J., Heres, A. M., Chapin, K., Molz, M., Burslem, D. F. R. P., Montgomery, R. A., Klipel, J., Komatsu, K., Monty, A., Ohtsuka, T., Oliveira, R., Ollerer, K., Fagundez, J., Olson, M. E., Onipchenko, V., Ferreira, J., Onoda, Y., Knops, J. M. H., Beeckman, H., Bauerle, W., Higuchi, P., Onstein, R. E., Aiba, M., Ordonez, J. C., Makinen, H., Osada, N., Ostonen, I., Ottaviani, G., Otto, S., Pysek, P., Overbeck, G. E., Kohyama, T., Fidelis, A., Ozinga, W. A., Eckstein, R. L., Pahl, A. T., Malhado, A. C. M., Paine, C. E. T., Raevel, V., Rammig, A., Ransijn, J., Herz, K., Ray, C. A., Reich, P. B., Hogan, J. A., Reichstein, M., Manning, P., Chytry, M., Konig, C., Reid, D. E. B., Butterfield, B. J., Rejou-Mechain, M., Mori, S., de Dios, V. R., Beierkuhnlein, C., Ribeiro, S, Richardson, S, Riibak, K., Manzoni, S., Holl, K., Rillig, M. C., Harrison, S. P., Riviera, F., Morris, D., and Robert, E. M. R.

Abstract

Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.

Published
2020

8. Temperature‐dependent electromagnetic microwave absorbing characteristics of stretchable polyurethane composite foams with ultra‐wide bandwidth

Author

Sun, Z, Chen, Y, Zheng, J, Jiang, S, Dong, W, Li, X, Li, Y, Shiju, E, Sun, Z, Chen, Y, Zheng, J, Jiang, S, Dong, W, Li, X, Li, Y, and Shiju, E

Abstract

With the rapid development of current electronic equipment, electromagnetic microwave absorption (EMA) materials with higher design requirements under special circumstances have attracted great attention. Herein, a flexible polyurethane composite foam assisted by coral-like CNT@Fe3O4/graphene nanocomposites is fabricated by a facile solvothermal and moisture self-foaming method. The composite foam with 15 wt% nanofillers exhibits an outstanding temperature cycle stability with gradually improved EMA performance at elevated temperature and excellent resilience stability with a tensile strength of 4.81 MPa. An enhanced minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −59.44 dB at 10.38 GHz with a thickness of 2.28 mm is achieved, while the ultrawide absorption bandwidth of 6.09 GHz nearly covers the full X-band. This benefits from interface impedance matching, dielectric and magnetic dual losses, and multiple reflections depending on the interior open microcellular structures. It is expected to become a promising thermally tunable microwave absorber in harsh environments.

Published
2022

9. Use of real‐time artificial intelligence in detection of abnormal image patterns in standard sonographic reference planes in screening for fetal intracranial malformations

Author

Lin, M., primary, He, X., additional, Guo, H., additional, He, M., additional, Zhang, L., additional, Xian, J., additional, Lei, T., additional, Xu, Q., additional, Zheng, J., additional, Feng, J., additional, Hao, C., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Wang, N., additional, and Xie, H., additional

Published
2022
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13. The impact of wind-waves and sea level rise on the morphodynamics of a sandy estuarine shoal

Author

Zheng, J. Elmilady, H. Röbke, B. R. Taal, M. Wang, Z. B. van Prooijen, B. C. de Vet, P. L. M. van der Wegen, M. and Zheng, J. Elmilady, H. Röbke, B. R. Taal, M. Wang, Z. B. van Prooijen, B. C. de Vet, P. L. M. van der Wegen, M.

Abstract

Intertidal shoals are pronounced morphological features found in many estuaries worldwide. Apart from maintaining an ecologically unique intertidal environment, shoals also protect adjacent dyke systems by attenuating waves. The fate of sandy shoals under anticipated sea level rise (SLR) scenarios is underexplored. The current research investigates the long-term morphodynamic evolution of estuarine sandy shoals under forcing by short fetch, locally generated wind-waves, tides, and SLR by means of a numerical, process-based model (Delft3D). The focus lies on a sheltered shoal complex in the Western Scheldt, the Netherlands. Starting from the initial, 1963 bathymetry, we model 50-year morphodynamic development with schematized wind-wave forcing. We analyze in detail the impact of locally generated wind-waves on shoal formation. Finally, we impose regional SLR of 1.10 m and 1.95 m for 100 years. Model results show that, on the spatial scale of intertidal flats, small, locally generated wind-waves lower and widen the shoals while the adjacent channels deepen. However, on the estuarine system scale, wind-waves do not lead to fundamentally different channel–shoal patterns and morphodynamic evolution trends. This suggests that channel–shoal formation is mainly due to tide residual sediment transports, with wind-waves playing a secondary role. SLR leads to a notable intertidal area loss, despite a continuous heightening of the shoals, implying that morphodynamic adaptation lags behind SLR. The inclusion of wind-waves does not fundamentally change the reaction of the estuarine shoal to SLR. Future research may focus on exploring the impact of including multiple sediment classes.

Published
2021
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14. Tailoring Ordered Mesoporous Titania Films via Introducing Germanium Nanocrystals for Enhanced Electron Transfer Photoanodes for Photovoltaic Applications

Author

Li, N., Guo, R., Chen, W., Körstgens, V., Heger, J. E., Liang, S., Brett, Calvin, Hossain, M. A., Zheng, J., Deimel, P. S., Buyruk, A., Allegretti, F., Schwartzkopf, M., Veinot, J. G. C., Schmitz, G., Barth, J. V., Ameri, T., Roth, Stephan V., Müller-Buschbaum, P., Li, N., Guo, R., Chen, W., Körstgens, V., Heger, J. E., Liang, S., Brett, Calvin, Hossain, M. A., Zheng, J., Deimel, P. S., Buyruk, A., Allegretti, F., Schwartzkopf, M., Veinot, J. G. C., Schmitz, G., Barth, J. V., Ameri, T., Roth, Stephan V., and Müller-Buschbaum, P.

Abstract

Based on a diblock-copolymer templated sol–gel synthesis, germanium nanocrystals (GeNCs) are introduced to tailor mesoporous titania (TiO2) films for obtaining more efficient anodes for photovoltaic applications. After thermal annealing in air, the hybrid films with different GeNC content are investigated and compared with films undergoing an argon atmosphere annealing. The surface and inner morphologies of the TiO2/GeOx nanocomposite films are probed via scanning electron microscopy and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering. The crystal phase, chemical composition, and optical properties of the nanocomposite films are examined with transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Special focus is set on the air-annealed nanocomposite films since they hold greater promise for photovoltaics. Specifically, the charge–carrier dynamics of these air-annealed nanocomposite films are studied, and it is found that, compared with pristine TiO2 photoanodes, the GeNC addition enhances the electron transfer, yielding an increase in the short-circuit photocurrent density of exemplary perovskite solar cells and thus, an enhanced device efficiency as well as a significantly reduced hysteresis., QC 20220321

Published
2021
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15. Collagen‐Based Hydrogels for Cartilage Regeneration

Author

Lihui Sun, Yan Xu, Yu Han, Jing Cui, Zheng Jing, Dongbo Li, Jianguo Liu, Chunsheng Xiao, Dongsong Li, and Bo Cai

Subjects
Cartilage Regeneration, Collagen, Hydrogel, Stem Cells, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811
Abstract

Cartilage regeneration remains difficult due to a lack of blood vessels. Degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) causes cartilage defects, and the ECM provides the natural environment and nutrition for cartilage regeneration. Until now, collagen hydrogels are considered to be excellent material for cartilage regeneration due to the similar structure to ECM and good biocompatibility. However, collagen hydrogels also have several drawbacks, such as low mechanical strength, limited ability to induce stem cell differentiation, and rapid degradation. Thus, there is a demanding need to optimize collagen hydrogels for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we will first briefly introduce the structure of articular cartilage and cartilage defect classification and collagen, then provide an overview of the progress made in research on collagen hydrogels with chondrocytes or stem cells, comprehensively expound the research progress and clinical applications of collagen‐based hydrogels that integrate inorganic or organic materials, and finally present challenges for further clinical translation.

Published
2023
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16. A novel murine model of reversible bile duct obstruction demonstrates rapid improvement of cholestatic liver injury

Author

Jiao Jing Wang, Sarah A. Taylor, Zheng J. Zhang, Kyle D. Gromer, Xin Yi Yeap, Alyssa Kriegermeier, and Richard M. Green

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, medicine.drug_class, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, digestive system, Gastroenterology, lcsh:Physiology, Bile Acids and Salts, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Cholestasis, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, ABCB11, Ligation, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11, Original Research, Liver injury, biliary obstruction, lcsh:QP1-981, Bile acid, Bile duct, business.industry, Liver Diseases, medicine.disease, Bile duct proliferation, macrophages, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, liver repair, Duodenum, cholestasis, business, Biomarkers, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, liver injury
Abstract

There are limited murine models of cholestatic liver diseases characterized by chronic biliary obstruction and resumption of bile flow. While murine bile duct ligation (BDL) is a well‐established model of obstructive cholestasis, current models of BDL reversal (BDLR) alter biliary anatomy. We aimed to develop a more physiologic model of BDLR to evaluate the time course and mechanism for resolution of hepatic injury after biliary obstruction. In the present study, we restored bile flow into the duodenum without disruption of the gall bladder after murine BDL using biocompatible PE‐50 tubing. After establishing the technique, overall survival for BDLR at 7 or 14 days after BDL was 88%. Sham laparotomy was performed in control mice. Laboratory data, liver histology, and hepatic gene expression were compared among BDL, BDLR, and controls. Laboratory evidence of cholestatic liver injury was observed at day 7 after BDL and rapid improvement occurred within 48 hr of BDLR. After BDLR there was also enhanced gene expression for the bile acid transporter Abcb11, however, bile duct proliferation persisted. Assessment of the immune response showed increased gene and protein expression for the general immune cell marker Cd45 in BDLR versus BDL mice suggesting a reparative immune response after BDLR. In summary, we have established a novel murine model of BDLR that allows for the investigation into bile acid and immune pathways responsible for hepatic repair following obstructive cholestasis. Future studies with our model may identify targets for new therapies to improve outcome in pediatric and adult cholestatic liver disease., We have established a novel surgical murine model of reversible bile duct ligation that is more physiologic than prior models of bile duct ligation reversal. Our model demonstrates acute hepatic injury from 7‐day bile duct ligation with rapid improvement after restoration of bile flow, including changes in immune, bile acid, and fibrotic pathways during this response. Further studies with this model may identify novel therapeutic targets for pediatric and adult cholestatic liver disease.

Published
2020

17. Correction to: High Efficiency Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Solar Cells: Effect of Surface Coating versus Bulk Incorporation of 2D Perovskite (Advanced Energy Materials, (2020), 10, 9, (1903553), 10.1002/aenm.201903553)

Author

Duong, T, Pham, H, Kho, TC, Phang, P, Fong, KC, Yan, D, Yin, Y, Peng, J, Mahmud, MA, Gharibzadeh, S, Nejand, BA, Hossain, IM, Khan, MR, Mozaffari, N, Wu, YL, Shen, H, Zheng, J, Mai, H, Liang, W, Samundsett, C, Stocks, M, McIntosh, K, Andersson, GG, Lemmer, U, Richards, BS, Paetzold, UW, Ho-Ballie, A, Liu, Y, Macdonald, D, Blakers, A, Wong-Leung, J, White, T, Weber, K, Catchpole, K, Duong, T, Pham, H, Kho, TC, Phang, P, Fong, KC, Yan, D, Yin, Y, Peng, J, Mahmud, MA, Gharibzadeh, S, Nejand, BA, Hossain, IM, Khan, MR, Mozaffari, N, Wu, YL, Shen, H, Zheng, J, Mai, H, Liang, W, Samundsett, C, Stocks, M, McIntosh, K, Andersson, GG, Lemmer, U, Richards, BS, Paetzold, UW, Ho-Ballie, A, Liu, Y, Macdonald, D, Blakers, A, Wong-Leung, J, White, T, Weber, K, and Catchpole, K

Published
2020

18. High Efficiency Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Solar Cells: Effect of Surface Coating versus Bulk Incorporation of 2D Perovskite

Author

Duong, T, Pham, H, Kho, TC, Phang, P, Fong, KC, Yan, D, Yin, Y, Peng, J, Mahmud, MA, Gharibzadeh, S, Nejand, BA, Hossain, IM, Khan, MR, Mozaffari, N, Wu, YL, Shen, H, Zheng, J, Mai, H, Liang, W, Samundsett, C, Stocks, M, McIntosh, K, Andersson, GG, Lemmer, U, Richards, BS, Paetzold, UW, Ho-Ballie, A, Liu, Y, Macdonald, D, Blakers, A, Wong-Leung, J, White, T, Weber, K, Catchpole, K, Duong, T, Pham, H, Kho, TC, Phang, P, Fong, KC, Yan, D, Yin, Y, Peng, J, Mahmud, MA, Gharibzadeh, S, Nejand, BA, Hossain, IM, Khan, MR, Mozaffari, N, Wu, YL, Shen, H, Zheng, J, Mai, H, Liang, W, Samundsett, C, Stocks, M, McIntosh, K, Andersson, GG, Lemmer, U, Richards, BS, Paetzold, UW, Ho-Ballie, A, Liu, Y, Macdonald, D, Blakers, A, Wong-Leung, J, White, T, Weber, K, and Catchpole, K

Abstract

KGaA, Weinheim Mixed-dimensional perovskite solar cells combining 3D and 2D perovskites have recently attracted wide interest owing to improved device efficiency and stability. Yet, it remains unclear which method of combining 3D and 2D perovskites works best to obtain a mixed-dimensional system with the advantages of both types. To address this, different strategies of combining 2D perovskites with a 3D perovskite are investigated, namely surface coating and bulk incorporation. It is found that through surface coating with different aliphatic alkylammonium bulky cations, a Ruddlesden–Popper “quasi-2D” perovskite phase is formed on the surface of the 3D perovskite that passivates the surface defects and significantly improves the device performance. In contrast, incorporating those bulky cations into the bulk induces the formation of the pure 2D perovskite phase throughout the bulk of the 3D perovskite, which negatively affects the crystallinity and electronic structure of the 3D perovskite framework and reduces the device performance. Using the surface-coating strategy with n-butylammonium bromide to fabricate semitransparent perovskite cells and combining with silicon cells in four-terminal tandem configuration, 27.7% tandem efficiency with interdigitated back contact silicon bottom cells (size-unmatched) and 26.2% with passivated emitter with rear locally diffused silicon bottom cells is achieved in a 1 cm2 size-matched tandem.

Published
2020

19. Advancing mid‐rectal cancer surgery: Unveiling the potential of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery in comparison to conventional laparoscopic‐assisted resection

Author

Shan Muhammad, Zheng Jiang, Tao Fan, QingChao Tang, Yang Hai, Sundas Bint E. Ehsan, Maimoona Bilal, Albina A. Zubayraeva, YiBo Gao, and Jie He

Subjects
conventional laparoscopic‐assisted resection, long‐term outcomes, mid‐rectal cancer, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery, postoperative recovery, quality of life, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Mid‐rectal cancer treatment traditionally involves conventional laparoscopic‐assisted resection (CLAR). This study aimed to assess the clinical and therapeutic advantages of Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction Surgery (NOSES) over CLAR. Aims To compare the clinical outcomes, intraoperative metrics, postoperative recovery, complications, and long‐term prognosis between NOSES and CLAR groups. Materials & Methods A total of 136 patients were analyzed, with 92 undergoing CLAR and 44 undergoing NOSES. Clinical outcomes were evaluated, and propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to control potential biases. Results The NOSES group exhibited significant improvements in postoperative recovery, including lower pain scores on days 1, 3, and 5 (p < .001), reduced need for additional analgesics (p = .02), shorter hospital stays (10.8 ± 2.3 vs. 14.2 ± 5.3 days; p < .001), and decreased intraoperative blood loss (48.1 ± 52.7 mL vs. 71.0 ± 55.0 mL; p = .03). Patients undergoing NOSES also reported enhanced satisfaction with postoperative abdominal appearance and better quality of life. Additionally, the NOSES approach resulted in fewer postoperative complications. Conclusion While long‐term outcomes (overall survival, disease‐free survival, and local recurrence rates) were comparable between the two methods, NOSES demonstrated superior postoperative outcomes compared to CLAR in mid‐rectal cancer treatment, while maintaining similar long‐term oncological safety. These findings suggest that NOSES could serve as an effective alternative to CLAR without compromising long‐term results.

Published
2024
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21. Construction and validation of machine learning models for predicting distant metastases in newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients: A large‐scale and real‐world cohort study

Author

Ran Wei, Guanhua Yu, Xishan Wang, Zheng Jiang, and Xu Guan

Subjects
artificial intelligence, colorectal cancer, distant metastases, machine learning, risk stratification, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background More accurate prediction of distant metastases (DM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) would optimize individualized treatment and follow‐up strategies. Multiple prediction models based on machine learning have been developed to assess the likelihood of developing DM. Methods Clinicopathological features of patients with CRC were obtained from the National Cancer Center (NCC, China) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The algorithms used to create the prediction models included random forest (RF), logistic regression, extreme gradient boosting, deep neural networks, and the K‐Nearest Neighbor machine. The prediction models' performances were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results In total, 200,958 patients, 3241 from NCC and 197,717 CRC from SEER were identified, of whom 21,736 (10.8%) developed DM. The machine‐learning‐based prediction models for DM were constructed with 12 features remaining after iterative filtering. The RF model performed the best, with areas under the ROC curve of 0.843, 0.793, and 0.806, respectively, on the training, test, and external validation sets. For the risk stratification analysis, the patients were separated into high‐, middle‐, and low‐risk groups according to their risk scores. Patients in the high‐risk group had the highest incidence of DM and the worst prognosis. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy could significantly improve the prognosis of the high‐risk and middle‐risk groups, whereas the low‐risk group only benefited from surgery and chemotherapy. Conclusion The RF‐based model accurately predicted the likelihood of DM and identified patients with CRC in the high‐risk group, providing guidance for personalized clinical decision‐making.

Published
2024
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23. Lee Silverman Voice Treatment for dysarthria in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Author

Yuan, F., primary, Guo, X., additional, Wei, X., additional, Xie, F., additional, Zheng, J., additional, Huang, Y., additional, Huang, Z., additional, Chang, Z., additional, Li, H., additional, Guo, Y., additional, Chen, J., additional, Guo, J., additional, Tang, B., additional, Deng, B., additional, and Wang, Q., additional

Published
2020
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28. Thoracic dumbbell giant schwannoma in a young woman: A case report

Author

Zheng Jun, Yu Bing, and Li Qing Song

Subjects
schwannoma, spine, surgery, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Schwannomas, which are benign, are one of the most common intraspinal tumors, accounting for 29% of primary spinal tumors. Schwannomas have several other names, including neurinoma, neurilemmoma, and neuroma. They originate from Schwann cells, which were first described by Theodor Schwann, a German physiologist, biologist, and histologist. Here, we present a patient with a giant, thoracic, dumbbell‐shaped schwannoma. This benign tumor protruded into the subcutaneous fascial layer, compressing the pleura and the left side of the thoracic spinal cord. Additionally, some of the spinous processes and laminae of the thoracic vertebrae were missing. Most patients with this type of tumor are asymptomatic; however, up to 11.7% of patients have symptoms that depend on the size and location of the tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging can accurately determine the extent of the tumor and any intraspinal component and is thus helpful in selecting the optimal surgical procedure.

Published
2023
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29. One‐step affinity capture and precipitation for improved purification of an industrial monoclonal antibody using Z‐ELP functionalized nanocages

Author

Wilfred Chen, Steven J. Traylor, Andrew R. Swartz, Zheng J. Li, and Xuankuo Xu

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.drug_class, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Bioengineering, CHO Cells, Monoclonal antibody, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Chromatography, Affinity, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biopolymers, Cricetulus, Nanocages, Cricetinae, 010608 biotechnology, Escherichia coli, medicine, Animals, Chromatography, biology, Protein Stability, Precipitation (chemistry), Elution, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Fusion protein, Elastin, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Nanostructures, 030104 developmental biology, Monomer, chemistry, Yield (chemistry), biology.protein, Protein A, Protein Binding, Biotechnology
Abstract

Protein A chromatography has been identified as a potential bottleneck in the monoclonal antibody production platform, leading to increased interest in non-chromatographic capture technologies. Affinity precipitation using environmentally responsive, Z-domain-elastin-like polypeptide (Z-ELP) fusion proteins has been shown to be a promising alternative. However, elevated temperature and salt concentrations necessary for precipitation resulted in decreased antibody monomer content and reduced purification capacity. To improve upon the existing technology, we reported an enhanced affinity precipitation of antibodies by conjugating Z-ELP to a 25 nm diameter, self-assembled E2 protein nanocage (Z-ELP-E2). The enlarged scale of aggregate formation and IgG-triggered crosslinking through multi-valent binding significantly outperformed traditional Z-ELP-based methods. In the current work, we sought to develop an affinity precipitation process capable of purifying industrial monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) at ambient temperature with minimal added salt. We discovered that the mAb-nanocage complex aggregated within 10 min at room temperature without the addition of salt due to the enhanced multi-valent cross-linking. After precipitating out of solution, the complex remained insoluble under all wash buffers tested, and only resolubilized after a low pH elution. Through optimization of key process steps, the affinity precipitation yield and impurity clearance met or exceeded protein A chromatography performance with 95% yield, 3.7 logs host cell protein reduction, and >5 logs of DNA reduction from mAb cell culture. Because of the operational flexibility afforded by this one-step affinity capture and precipitation process, the Z-ELP-E2 based approach has the potential to be a viable alternative to platform mAb purification.

Published
2017

30. Ultrafiltration behavior of monoclonal antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins: Effects of physical properties

Author

Andrew L. Zydney, Nripen Singh, Zheng J. Li, Youngbin Baek, Michael C. Borys, and Abhiram Arunkumar

Subjects
Pressure drop, Chromatography, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Ultrafiltration, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Transmembrane protein, 0104 chemical sciences, Cross-flow filtration, Viscosity, Osmotic pressure, 0210 nano-technology, Flux (metabolism), Biotechnology, Concentration polarization
Abstract

Ultrafiltration (UF) is used for the final concentration and formulation of essentially all antibody-based therapeutics including both monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and Fc-fusion proteins. The objective of this study was to quantitatively compare the filtrate flux behavior for two highly purified mAbs and an Fc-fusion protein under identical flow and buffer conditions. Filtrate flux data were obtained using a Pellicon 3 tangential flow filtration cassette over a wide range of transmembrane pressures and bulk protein concentrations. Independent experimental measurements were performed to evaluate the protein osmotic pressure and solution viscosity. The maximum achievable protein concentration was directly correlated with the solution viscosity, which controls the pressure drop and extent of back-filtration in the cassette. The filtrate flux data were analyzed using a recently developed model that accounts for the effects of intermolecular interactions and transmembrane pressure gradients on the extent of concentration polarization. These results provide important insights into the factors controlling the filtrate flux during the UF of concentrated protein solutions and an effective framework for the design/analysis of UF processes for the formulation of antibody-based therapeutics. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2057-2065. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2017

31. Standards for Detecting, Interpreting, and Reporting Noncontrast Computed Tomographic Markers of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Expansion

Author

Morotti, A, Boulouis, G, Dowlatshahi, D, Li, Q, Barras, CD, Delcourt, C, Yu, Z, Zheng, J, Zhou, Z, Aviv, RI, Shoamanesh, A, Sporns, PB, Rosand, J, Greenberg, SM, Al-Shahi Salman, R, Qureshi, AI, Demchuk, AM, Anderson, CS, Goldstein, JN, Charidimou, A, Morotti, A, Boulouis, G, Dowlatshahi, D, Li, Q, Barras, CD, Delcourt, C, Yu, Z, Zheng, J, Zhou, Z, Aviv, RI, Shoamanesh, A, Sporns, PB, Rosand, J, Greenberg, SM, Al-Shahi Salman, R, Qureshi, AI, Demchuk, AM, Anderson, CS, Goldstein, JN, and Charidimou, A

Abstract

Significant hematoma expansion (HE) affects one-fifth of people within 24 hours after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and its prevention is an appealing treatment target. Although the computed tomography (CT)-angiography spot sign predicts HE, only a minority of ICH patients receive contrast injection. Conversely, noncontrast CT (NCCT) is used to diagnose nearly all ICH, so NCCT markers represent a widely available alternative for prediction of HE. However, different NCCT signs describe similar features, with lack of consensus on the optimal image acquisition protocol, assessment, terminology, and diagnostic criteria. In this review, we propose practical guidelines for detecting, interpreting, and reporting NCCT predictors of HE. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:480–492.

Published
2019

32. Identification and interpretation of TET2 noncanonical splicing site intronic variants in myeloid neoplasm patients

Author

Riku Das, Zheng Jin Tu, David S. Bosler, and Yu‐Wei Cheng

Subjects
in silico prediction, myeloid neoplasm, next‐generation sequencing (NGS), noncanonical splicing site, ten‐eleven translocation 2, TET2, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

Abstract Background: DNA hypermethylation and instability due to inactivation mutations in Ten–eleven translocation 2 (TET2) is a key biomarker of hematological malignancies. This study aims at characterizing two intronic noncanonical splice‐site variants, c.3954+5_3954+8delGTTT and c.3954+5G>A. Methods: We used in silico prediction tools, reverse transcription (RT)‐PCR, and Sanger sequencing on blood/bone marrow‐derived RNA specimens to determine the aberrant splicing. Results: In silico prediction of both variants exhibited reduced splicing strength at the TET2 intron 7 splicing donor site. RT‐PCR and Sanger sequencing identified a 62‐bp deletion at the exon 7, producing a frameshift mutation, p.Cys1298*. Conclusion: This study provides functional evidence for two intronic TET2 variants that cause alternative splicing and frameshift mutation.

Published
2023
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33. Morphological Analysis of Fractures of the Proximal Humerus by the Fracture Mapping Technique

Author

Hanru Ren, Lianghao Wu, Xu Zhang, Zheng Jian, and Chengqing Yi

Subjects
3‐D fracture mapping technique, Clinical outcomes, New types, Proximal humerus fractures, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811
Abstract

Objective Fractures of different parts of the proximal humerus may lead to different postoperative functional deficits, but there are few studies on the morphology and related functions of the proximal humerus. The purpose of this study was to analyze the fracture pattern of the proximal humerus by the three‐dimensional (3‐D) fracture mapping technique and to further evaluate its clinical utility. Methods Patients with proximal humeral fractures admitted to Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, from January 2018 to December 2020, were analyzed. Three surgeons divided the fractures into groups according to the 3‐D CT imaging technique and mapped the fractures on a 3‐D template according to the fracture line of each fracture. Finally, the humeral head inversion angle and the functional score were recorded in different fracture types. Results A total of 312 cases of humeral fractures were included. Among them, there were 90 patients (28.8%) in the simple greater tuberosity + lesser tuberosity + medial cortex group, with typical fracture features of surgical neck fractures of the humerus + greater tuberosity fractures. Eighty‐seven patients (27.9%) in the greater tuberosity + isolated fragment lesser tuberosity + medial cortex group had typical “four‐part fractures.” There were 45 patients (14.4%) in the greater tuberosity + lesser tuberosity + medial isolated fragment group. Moreover, more patients in this group had medial comminution due to varus displacement of the femoral head. There were 66 patients (21.1%) in the isolated greater tuberosity group, 21 patients (6.7%) in the greater tuberosity + lesser tuberosity group, and three patients (1.0%) in the greater tuberosity + medial cortex group. In addition, the humeral head inversion angle and other statistical differences were observed in the greater tuberosity + lesser tuberosity + medial isolated fragment group. Conclusions This morphological study helps to further identify the characteristics of proximal humerus fracture patterns, which may be closely related to different clinical outcomes. Further relevant studies are needed to verify the reliability of their clinical application and the potential value in surgical planning and postoperative functional rehabilitation.

Published
2023
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34. Boosting hydrogen peroxide production via establishment and reconstruction of single‐metal sites in covalent organic frameworks

Author

Shuai Yang, Lanlu Lu, Ji Li, Qingqing Cheng, Bingbao Mei, Xuewen Li, Jianing Mao, Panzhe Qiao, Fanfei Sun, Jingyuan Ma, Qing Xu, and Zheng Jiang

Subjects
covalent organic framework, oxygen reduction reaction, single‐atom catalysis, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Environmental engineering, TA170-171
Abstract

Abstract Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been well developed in electrocatalytic systems owing to their controllable skeletons, porosities, and functions. However, the catalytic process in COFs remains underexplored, hindering an in‐depth understanding of the catalytic mechanism. In this work, uniform Pt–N1O1Cl4 sites chelated via C–N and C=O bonds along the one‐dimensional and open channels of TP–TTA–COF were established. Different from conventional single‐metal sites constructed for the near‐free platinum for hydrogen evolution, the as‐constructed PtCl–COF showed 2e− oxygen reduction for H2O2 production. We tracked the dynamic evolution process of atomic Pt sites in which Pt–N1O1Cl4 was transformed into Pt–N1O1(OH)2 using in situ X‐ray adsorption. The theoretical calculations revealed that the strong Pt–support interaction in Pt–N1O1(OH)2 facilitated *OOH formation and thus led to higher selectivity and activity for the oxygen reduction reaction in the 2e− pathway. This work can expand the applications of COFs through the regulation of their local electronic states for the manipulation of the metal center.

Published
2023
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35. Relationship between bilirubin and systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Author

Yanxia Yu, Qiaoyu Wang, Dongmei Zhang, Weihua Wu, and Zheng Jiang

Subjects
lupus nephritis, serum bilirubin, systemic lupus erythematosus, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Abstract Aims Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a high prevalence worldwide. This study aimed to examine the correlation between serum bilirubin levels and SLE. Methods The Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were examined and assessed until March 2023. RevMan 5.3 software was utilized for the analysis of clinical trails. Results Five case‐control studies were chosen and incorporated, examining the levels of serum bilirubin in patients with SLE compared to healthy individuals, as well as in active SLE patients versus inactive ones, in different sexes and in SLE patients with or without lupus nephritis (LN). The results of this meta‐analysis demonstrated that serum bilirubin in healthy individuals were obviously increased compared to SLE patients (MD = 4.76; 95% CI, 3.15–6.38, p

Published
2023
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40. The decisive role of adsorbed OH* in low‐potential CO electro‐oxidation on single‐atom catalytic sites

Author

Yang Li, Xian Wang, Ying Wang, Zhaoping Shi, Yuqi Yang, Tuo Zhao, Zheng Jiang, Changpeng Liu, Wei Xing, and Junjie Ge

Subjects
adsorbed CO* and OH*, carbon‐based Rh single‐atom catalysts, CO electro‐oxidation reaction, electron interaction, MNx moiety, Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations, TK1001-1841
Abstract

Abstract CO impurity‐induced catalyst deactivation has long been one of the biggest challenges in proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells, with the poisoning phenomenon mainly attributed to the overly strong adsorption on the catalytic site. Here, we present a mechanistic study that overturns this understanding by using Rh‐based single‐atom catalysis centers as model catalysts. We precisely modulated the chelation structure of the Rh catalyst by coordinating Rh with C or N atoms, and probed the reaction mechanism by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Direct spectroscopic evidence for intermediates indicates that the reactivity of adsorbed OH*, rather than the adsorption strength of CO*, dictates the CO electrocatalytic oxidation behavior. The RhN4 sites, which adsorb the OH* intermediate more weakly than RhC4 sites, showed prominent CO oxidation activity that not only far exceeded the traditional Pt/C but also the RhC4 sites with similar CO adsorption strength. From this study, it is clear that a paradigm shift in future research should be considered to rationally design high‐performance CO electro‐oxidation reaction catalysts by sufficiently considering the water‐related reaction intermediate during catalysis.

Published
2023
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41. A new route for de-carboxylation of lactones over Zn/ZSM-5: elucidation of structure and molecular interactions

Author

Tsang, ESC, Ye, L, Lo, B, Song, Q, Zheng, J, Kong, D, Murray, CA, and Tang, C

Abstract

Here, we report a catalytic process of decarboxylating gamma-valerolactone, GVL (the biomass derived lactone as an example) over Zn/ZSM-5 to butene, followed by aromatization at high yield with co-feed water. Evaluation of catalytic performance at prolonged time shows that water molecule is essential in maintaining the decarboxylation/ aromatization activity without rapid deactivation. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement are then used to elucidate the adsorbed structures of GVL and immobilized Zn-species with the support of EXAFS and NMR. A new route of cooperative hydrolysis of GVL by framework Zn-OH and Brønsted acid sites to butene and then to aromatics is for the first time demonstrated. The structures and fundamental pathways for nucleophilic attack of terminal Zn-OH site are comparable to that of reported Zn-containing enzymes in biological systems.

Published
2017

42. Influence of thermal ageing on high‐field polarisation characteristics and conductivity behaviour of submarine polymeric cables insulation

Author

Xize Dai, Jian Hao, Gian Carlo Montanari, Zheng Jian, Ruijin Liao, and Xinlong Zheng

Subjects
Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Electricity, QC501-721
Abstract

Abstract Diagnosing insulation intrinsic ageing is essential for preventing insulation failure of submarine cables, and in case of failure, helping in any decision about maintenance actions. In this study, a novel aged cable diagnosis approach based on high‐voltage frequency domain spectroscopy (HV‐FDS) with broader frequency width is proposed to analyse the high‐field polarisation characteristics and conductivity behaviour of 500 kV submarine polymeric cables insulation, aiming to support the evaluation of overall insulation ageing. The measurement principle of HV‐FDS and relaxation mechanism are stated, and then focus is on studying the extent of change of polarisation and conduction properties of submarine cables insulation as a function of ageing stress and time. Moreover, the high‐field polarisation characteristics and conductivity behaviour are discussed in‐depth based on the carrier transport and trap properties. Finally, the novel diagnostic indicator based on the high‐field characteristics is extracted to quantify the thermal ageing state of submarine cables insulation. Results show that the high‐field polarisation characteristics and conductivity behaviour seem to become sensitive diagnostic quantities if measured at reasonably high voltage, which are able to reveal mechanisms associated with thermo‐oxidative ageing as that generated in the testing procedure considered in this paper. Sensitivity is considerably higher than that experienced in typical dielectric spectroscopy approaches.

Published
2023
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43. Lung cancer adrenal gland metastasis: Optimal fine-needle aspirate and touch preparation smear cellularity characteristics for successful theranostic next-generation sequencing

Author

Eric W. Klee, Michael J. Levy, Ferga C. Gleeson, Konstantinos N. Lazaridis, Jesse S. Voss, Douglas M. Minot, Zheng J. Tu, Michael B. Campion, Sarah E. Kerr, and Benjamin R. Kipp

Subjects
Cancer Research, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Cancer, medicine.disease, Targeted therapy, Fine-needle aspiration, Oncology, Cytopathology, Cytology, Medicine, Clinical significance, Personalized medicine, business, Lung cancer
Abstract

BACKGROUND Multigene molecular testing to guide personalized therapy for oncology patients is of increasing clinical relevance. Molecular testing of fine-needle aspiration samples is underused, but when acquired with minimally invasive techniques could become the standard of care to obtain theranostic specimens. The aims of the current study were to identify key cytology specimen selection criteria suitable for next-generation sequencing (NGS) and to determine the prevalence and spectrum of pathogenic alterations in a cohort of patients with AJCC stage IV lung cancer. METHODS A total of 70 adrenal gland cytology specimens with direct smears were screened to identify 56 patients with a single slide containing at least 300 total cells and 20% tumor nuclei. After DNA extraction, the NGS protocols were used to simultaneously detect mutations in >2800 exonic regions in 50 key cancer genes. RESULTS A total of 28 specimens produced acceptable NGS results. Specimens with a combined critical cell mass (>5000 viable cells) and a DNA concentration >5 ng/µL resulted in a 95% chance of successful sequencing. A total of 37 pathogenic alterations were identified in 10 genes and in 25 patients (85%). A pathogenic alteration (≥1) linked to available or developing targeted therapies was revealed in 50% of cases. CONCLUSIONS The data from the current study demonstrate that theranostic NGS can be applied to adrenal gland metastasis using routine cytologic smear specimens. The characteristics of such smears could be evaluated during onsite adequacy assessment by cytopathology professionals. This model greatly augments the opportunity for customized genotype-directed therapy from minimally invasive techniques. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:822–832. © 2014 American Cancer Society.

Published
2014

48. Natural history of serum HBV-RNA in chronic HBV infection

Author

Wang, J., primary, Yu, Y., additional, Li, G., additional, Shen, C., additional, Li, J., additional, Chen, S., additional, Zhang, X., additional, Zhu, M., additional, Zheng, J., additional, Song, Z., additional, Wu, J., additional, Shao, L., additional, Meng, Z., additional, Wang, X., additional, Huang, Y., additional, Zhang, J., additional, Qiu, C., additional, and Zhang, W., additional

Published
2018
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