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936 results on '"Zaitsev, A"'

1. Improving maximum power point tracking efficiency in solar photovoltaic systems using super‐twisting algorithm and grey wolf optimizer

Author

Nassir Deghfel, Abd Essalam Badoud, Ahmad Aziz Al‐Ahmadi, Mohit Bajaj, Ievgen Zaitsev, and Sherif S. M. Ghoneim

Subjects
controllers, maximum power point trackers, optimisation, renewable energy sources, solar photovoltaic systems, Renewable energy sources, TJ807-830
Abstract

Abstract This study presents a new Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) approach for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, combining the Super‐Twisting Algorithm (STA) and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). The STA‐GWO‐MPPT method improves efficiency in dynamic conditions by using STA for control and GWO for parameter optimization, enhancing stability and robustness. Performance evaluation is conducted through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and experimental validation on a small‐scale test bench. Various quantitative metrics, including rise time, settling time, power production, efficiency, root mean square error (RMSE), and standard deviation (STD), are employed for assessment. Results indicate significantly faster convergence speeds for the proposed method compared to conventional MPPT techniques. Specifically, the rise time for the proposed method is 0.0129 seconds, outperforming Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) (0.2638 seconds) and Grey Wolf Optimizer with Sliding Mode Control (GWO‐SMC) (0.0181 seconds). Additionally, the proposed method exhibits superior tracking efficiency, with an average efficiency of 99.33%, surpassing FLC (96.93%) and GWO‐SMC (99.19%). Moreover, it reduces power fluctuations, with an RMSE of 7.819% and STD of 6.547%, compared to FLC (RMSE: 13.471%, STD: 4.519%) and GWO‐SMC (RMSE: 8.507%, STD: 6.108%). Overall, this study contributes valuable insights into enhancing MPPT efficiency in solar PV systems, with implications for both research and practical applications.

Published
2024
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2. Experimental analysis of passivity‐based control theory for permanent magnet synchronous motor drive fed by grid power

Author

Youcef Belkhier, Achour Abdelyazid, Adel Oubelaid, Nima Khosravi, Mohit Bajaj, Pradeep Vishnuram, and Ievgen Zaitsev

Subjects
control nonlinearities, nonlinear control systems, nonlinear systems, permanent magnet machines, Control engineering systems. Automatic machinery (General), TJ212-225
Abstract

Abstract Controlling the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) can be challenging due to the nonlinearity of its dynamics, which makes it difficult to design control strategies that are both robust and effective. To address this challenge, this paper presents a novel control strategy rooted in the concept of passivity that combines field‐oriented control (FOC). This strategy compels the PMSM to accurately follow velocity and electrical torque trajectories. The approach, known as passivity‐based control (PBC), entails reshaping the inherent system energy while introducing the necessary damping to attain the desired objectives. A crucial aspect involves identifying workless force terms within the process model. Despite their presence, these terms do not impact the energy balance and stability properties. As a result, eliminating these terms is unnecessary. This simplicity in control architecture not only preserves system stability but also bolsters overall robustness. The system's overall stability and the current tracking error's exponential convergence have both been demonstrated analytically. In order to maintain stability, the controller accounts for the nonlinearities of the plant and approximates the unstructured dynamics of the PMSM. The proposed control is designed using the dq model of the PMSM, which avoids the model's structure destruction due to singularities, since the dq model does not depend explicitly on the rotor angular position. Experimental results shown further, illustrate speed and position control with a desired pair calculated by a filter or a proportional‐integral (PI) controller for speed control and a proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller for position control. Also the correlation between practical and theoretical results is given as well as the robustness test in relation to the uncertainties of the PMSM's inertia moment. The results demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in controlling the PMSM under different operating conditions, highlighting its potential for industrial applications.

Published
2024
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3. Dayside Pc2 Waves Associated With Flux Transfer Events in a 3D Hybrid‐Vlasov Simulation

Author

F. Tesema, M. Palmroth, L. Turc, H. Zhou, G. Cozzani, M. Alho, Y. Pfau‐Kempf, K. Horaites, I. Zaitsev, M. Grandin, M. Battarbee, U. Ganse, A. Workayehu, J. Suni, K. Papadakis, M. Dubart, and V. Tarvus

Subjects
Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract

Abstract Flux transfer events (FTEs) are transient magnetic flux ropes at Earth's dayside magnetopause formed due to magnetic reconnection. As they move across the magnetopause surface, they can generate disturbances in the ultralow frequency (ULF) range, which then propagate into the magnetosphere. This study provides evidence of ULF waves in the Pc2 wave frequency range (>0.1 Hz) caused by FTEs during dayside reconnection using a global 3D hybrid‐Vlasov simulation (Vlasiator). These waves resulted from FTE formation and propagation at the magnetopause are particularly associated with large, rapidly moving FTEs. The wave power is stronger in the morning than afternoon, showing local time asymmetry. In the pre and postnoon equatorial regions, significant poloidal and toroidal components are present alongside the compressional component. The noon sector, with fewer FTEs, has lower wave power and limited magnetospheric propagation.

Published
2024
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4. Application of the support vector machines method for metal analyse by an eddy current system

Author

Anton Abramovych, Ievgen Zaitsev, Volodymyr Piddubnyi, and Viktoriia Bereznychenko

Subjects
machine learning, metals, support vector machine, system identification, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

Abstract The eddy current method of control analyzed and the possibility of its use for the identification of metals and alloys substantiated. It is shown that this can be done by modernizing the eddy current radio engineering system with dynamic scanning of metal samples, which consists in the use of modern microcontrollers with high‐precision ADC operation. The structural of the modernized system is presented, some aspects of processing the received response signal are considered, which made it possible to highlight the information coefficients that would represent the metal or alloy as a generalized image. It is proposed to use machine learning methods to compare an unknown sample of a metal or alloy under study with those available in the collected database, which is shown on the example of the support vector machine method, which allows for real‐time identification of metals and alloys, to carry out express control, without human intervention in the identification process.

Published
2024
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5. B cell‐dependent subtypes and treatment‐based immune correlates to survival in stage 3 and 4 lung adenocarcinomas

Author

Susan Raju Paul, Ivan Valiev, Skylar E. Korek, Vladimir Zyrin, Diana Shamsutdinova, Olga Gancharova, Alexander Zaitsev, Ekaterina Nuzhdina, Diane L. Davies, Ibiayi Dagogo‐Jack, Felix Frenkel, Jessica H. Brown, Joshua M. Hess, Sarah Viet, Jason L. Petersen, Cameron D. Wright, Harald C. Ott, Hugh G. Auchincloss, Ashok Muniappan, Toshihiro Shioda, Michael Lanuti, Christel M. Davis, Erik A. Ehli, Yin P. Hung, Mari Mino‐Kenudson, Maria Tsiper, Ann E. Sluder, Patrick M. Reeves, Nikita Kotlov, Alexander Bagaev, Ravshan Ataullakhanov, and Mark C. Poznansky

Subjects
B cells, deconvolution, immunology, immunotherapy, NSCLC, TLS, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Surgery and chemoradiation are the standard of care in early stages of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while immunotherapy is the standard of care in late‐stage NSCLC. The immune composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is recognized as an indicator for responsiveness to immunotherapy, although much remains unknown about its role in responsiveness to surgery or chemoradiation. In this pilot study, we characterized the NSCLC TME using mass cytometry (CyTOF) and bulk RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) with deconvolution of RNA‐Seq being performed by Kassandra, a recently published deconvolution tool. Stratification of patients based on the intratumoral abundance of B cells identified that the B‐cell rich patient group had increased expression of CXCL13 and greater abundance of PD1+ CD8 T cells. The presence of B cells and PD1+ CD8 T cells correlated positively with the presence of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). We then assessed the predictive and prognostic utility of these cell types and TLS within publicly available stage 3 and 4 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) RNA‐Seq datasets. As previously described by others, pre‐treatment expression of intratumoral 12‐chemokine TLS gene signature is associated with progression free survival (PFS) in patients who receive treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Notably and unexpectedly pre‐treatment percentages of intratumoral B cells are associated with PFS in patients who receive surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation. Further studies to confirm these findings would allow for more effective patient selection for both ICI and non‐ICI treatments.

Published
2023
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7. The Interplay between Strain, Sn Content, and Temperature on Spatially Dependent Bandgap in Ge1−xSnx Microdisks

Author

Zaitsev, Ignatii, primary, Corley-Wiciak, Agnieszka Anna, additional, Corley-Wiciak, Cedric, additional, Zoellner, Marvin Hartwig, additional, Richter, Carsten, additional, Zatterin, Edoardo, additional, Virgilio, Michele, additional, Martín-García, Beatriz, additional, Spirito, Davide, additional, and Manganelli, Costanza Lucia, additional

Published
2024
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8. Progressive chronic SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive giant cell myoendocarditis with atrial standstill and sudden cardiac death

Author

Olga Blagova, Dilyara Ainetdinova, Alexey Sedov, Yulia Lutokhina, Evgeniya Kogan, Anna Kukleva, Vsevolod Sedov, Alexander Zaitsev, Sergey Vasukov, Svetlana Alexandrova, and Natalya Sarkisova

Subjects
SARS‐CoV‐2, Giant cell myoendocarditis, Atrial standstill, Sudden cardiac death, Endomyocardial biopsy, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare condition. Its association with SARS‐CoV‐2 has not been described before. The 46‐year‐old female patient was admitted to the clinic on September 2020. She had 7 year adrenal insufficiency history and infarct‐like debut of myocardial disease in November 2019. After COVID‐19 in April 2020, cardiac disease progressed. The examination showed low QRS voltage, QS complexes in V1–V5 leads, atrial standstill, left ventricular systolic and restrictive dysfunction, elevated anti‐heart antibodies, and subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement by magnetic resonance imaging. Endomyocardial biopsy and pacemaker implantation were performed, but the patient died suddenly due to ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation (the resuscitation was ineffective). The autopsy revealed GCM, SARS‐CoV‐2, and Parvovirus B19 were detected in the myocardium. The role of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the pathogenesis of autoimmune myocarditis is discussed.

Published
2021
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9. Predicting dynamic, motion‐related changes in B0 field in the brain at a 7T MRI using a subject‐specific fine‐trained U‐net

Author

Motyka, Stanislav, primary, Weiser, Paul, additional, Bachrata, Beata, additional, Hingerl, Lukas, additional, Strasser, Bernhard, additional, Hangel, Gilbert, additional, Niess, Eva, additional, Niess, Fabian, additional, Zaitsev, Maxim, additional, Robinson, Simon Daniel, additional, Langs, Georg, additional, Trattnig, Siegfried, additional, and Bogner, Wolfgang, additional

Published
2024
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10. Overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus: a report from the RENSUR3 registry

Author

Ilya Tsimafeyeu, Oxana Shatkovskaya, Sergei Krasny, Nurzhan Nurgaliev, Ilya Varlamov, Vladislav Petkau, Sufia Safina, Ruslan Zukov, Mikhail Mazhbich, Galina Statsenko, Sergey Varlamov, Olga Novikova, Igor Zaitsev, Pavel Moiseyev, Alexander Rolevich, Alesya Evmenenko, Irina Popova, Dilyara Kaidarova, and Liubov Vladimirova

Subjects
metastatic renal cell carcinoma, overall survival, registry, treatment patterns, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Real‐world data describing outcomes of treatment among metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients are limited and heterogeneous. Aim RENSUR3 registry study assessed real‐world data on the use of therapies in mRCC and overall survival (OS) in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus. Methods Patients were included in the retrospective multicenter registry study. To be eligible, patients were required to have mRCC diagnosed from January 2015 to January 2016. Anonymized data were collected through an online registry. The outcomes of interest were patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and OS. Results 1094 mRCC patients were identified. Mean age was 62.3 (SD, 11.2) years. Four hundred and forty‐four (41%) patients were 65 years and older. Primary tumor has not been removed in 503 (46%) patients. Subtype of RCC based on WHO classification (clear‐cell or other) has been reported in 402 (37%) patients. In total, 595 (54.4%) patients received systemic therapy for metastatic disease. 58% of elderly patients (≥65) were not treated compared to 37% of younger patients. Cytokines and targeted therapy were used in 298 (50.1%) and 297 (49.9%) of 595 treated patients, respectively. Median OS was 11.9 months (95% CI 10.9‐12.9). The 1‐ and 3‐year OS rates were 49.6% and 19.3%. Conclusions Half of patients received no systemic therapy or had only cytokines for mRCC in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus, which doubtless negatively affected OS in this population. Novel therapies should be considered as life prolonging and a priority.

Published
2021
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11. The Interplay between Strain, Sn Content, and Temperature on Spatially Dependent Bandgap in Ge1−xSnx Microdisks

Author

Zaitsev, Ignatii, primary, Corley-Wiciak, Agnieszka Anna, additional, Corley-Wiciak, Cedric, additional, Zoellner, Marvin Hartwig, additional, Richter, Carsten, additional, Zatterin, Edoardo, additional, Virgilio, Michele, additional, Martín-García, Beatriz, additional, Spirito, Davide, additional, and Manganelli, Costanza Lucia, additional

Published
2023
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19. The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project

Author

Lawrence N. Hudson, Tim Newbold, Sara Contu, Samantha L. L. Hill, Igor Lysenko, Adriana De Palma, Helen R. P. Phillips, Tamera I. Alhusseini, Felicity E. Bedford, Dominic J. Bennett, Hollie Booth, Victoria J. Burton, Charlotte W. T. Chng, Argyrios Choimes, David L. P. Correia, Julie Day, Susy Echeverría‐Londoño, Susan R. Emerson, Di Gao, Morgan Garon, Michelle L. K. Harrison, Daniel J. Ingram, Martin Jung, Victoria Kemp, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Callum D. Martin, Yuan Pan, Gwilym D. Pask‐Hale, Edwin L. Pynegar, Alexandra N. Robinson, Katia Sanchez‐Ortiz, Rebecca A. Senior, Benno I. Simmons, Hannah J. White, Hanbin Zhang, Job Aben, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Gilbert B. Adum, Virginia Aguilar‐Barquero, Marcelo A. Aizen, Belén Albertos, E. L. Alcala, Maria delMar Alguacil, Audrey Alignier, Marc Ancrenaz, Alan N. Andersen, Enrique Arbeláez‐Cortés, Inge Armbrecht, Víctor Arroyo‐Rodríguez, Tom Aumann, Jan C. Axmacher, Badrul Azhar, Adrián B. Azpiroz, Lander Baeten, Adama Bakayoko, András Báldi, John E. Banks, Sharad K. Baral, Jos Barlow, Barbara I. P. Barratt, Lurdes Barrico, Paola Bartolommei, Diane M. Barton, Yves Basset, Péter Batáry, Adam J. Bates, Bruno Baur, Erin M. Bayne, Pedro Beja, Suzan Benedick, Åke Berg, Henry Bernard, Nicholas J. Berry, Dinesh Bhatt, Jake E. Bicknell, Jochen H. Bihn, Robin J. Blake, Kadiri S. Bobo, Roberto Bóçon, Teun Boekhout, Katrin Böhning‐Gaese, Kevin J. Bonham, Paulo A. V. Borges, Sérgio H. Borges, Céline Boutin, Jérémy Bouyer, Cibele Bragagnolo, Jodi S. Brandt, Francis Q. Brearley, Isabel Brito, Vicenç Bros, Jörg Brunet, Grzegorz Buczkowski, Christopher M. Buddle, Rob Bugter, Erika Buscardo, Jörn Buse, Jimmy Cabra‐García, Nilton C. Cáceres, Nicolette L. Cagle, María Calviño‐Cancela, Sydney A. Cameron, Eliana M. Cancello, Rut Caparrós, Pedro Cardoso, Dan Carpenter, Tiago F. Carrijo, Anelena L. Carvalho, Camila R. Cassano, Helena Castro, Alejandro A. Castro‐Luna, Cerda B. Rolando, Alexis Cerezo, Kim Alan Chapman, Matthieu Chauvat, Morten Christensen, Francis M. Clarke, Daniel F.R. Cleary, Giorgio Colombo, Stuart P. Connop, Michael D. Craig, Leopoldo Cruz‐López, Saul A. Cunningham, Biagio D'Aniello, Neil D'Cruze, Pedro Giovâni daSilva, Martin Dallimer, Emmanuel Danquah, Ben Darvill, Jens Dauber, Adrian L. V. Davis, Jeff Dawson, Claudio deSassi, Benoit deThoisy, Olivier Deheuvels, Alain Dejean, Jean‐Louis Devineau, Tim Diekötter, Jignasu V. Dolia, Erwin Domínguez, Yamileth Dominguez‐Haydar, Silvia Dorn, Isabel Draper, Niels Dreber, Bertrand Dumont, Simon G. Dures, Mats Dynesius, Lars Edenius, Paul Eggleton, Felix Eigenbrod, Zoltán Elek, Martin H. Entling, Karen J. Esler, Ricardo F. deLima, Aisyah Faruk, Nina Farwig, Tom M. Fayle, Antonio Felicioli, Annika M. Felton, Roderick J. Fensham, Ignacio C. Fernandez, Catarina C. Ferreira, Gentile F. Ficetola, Cristina Fiera, Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Hüseyin K. Fırıncıoğlu, David Flaspohler, Andreas Floren, Steven J. Fonte, Anne Fournier, Robert E. Fowler, Markus Franzén, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Gabriella M. Fredriksson, Geraldo B. Freire Jr, Tiago L. M. Frizzo, Daisuke Fukuda, Dario Furlani, René Gaigher, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Karla P. García, Juan C. Garcia‐R, Jenni G. Garden, Ricardo Garilleti, Bao‐Ming Ge, Benoit Gendreau‐Berthiaume, Philippa J. Gerard, Carla Gheler‐Costa, Benjamin Gilbert, Paolo Giordani, Simonetta Giordano, Carly Golodets, Laurens G. L. Gomes, Rachelle K. Gould, Dave Goulson, Aaron D. Gove, Laurent Granjon, Ingo Grass, Claudia L. Gray, James Grogan, Weibin Gu, Moisès Guardiola, Nihara R. Gunawardene, Alvaro G. Gutierrez, Doris L. Gutiérrez‐Lamus, Daniela H. Haarmeyer, Mick E. Hanley, Thor Hanson, Nor R. Hashim, Shombe N. Hassan, Richard G. Hatfield, Joseph E. Hawes, Matt W. Hayward, Christian Hébert, Alvin J. Helden, John‐André Henden, Philipp Henschel, Lionel Hernández, James P. Herrera, Farina Herrmann, Felix Herzog, Diego Higuera‐Diaz, Branko Hilje, Hubert Höfer, Anke Hoffmann, Finbarr G. Horgan, Elisabeth Hornung, Roland Horváth, Kristoffer Hylander, Paola Isaacs‐Cubides, Hiroaki Ishida, Masahiro Ishitani, Carmen T. Jacobs, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Birgit Jauker, F. Jiménez Hernández, McKenzie F. Johnson, Virat Jolli, Mats Jonsell, S. Nur Juliani, Thomas S. Jung, Vena Kapoor, Heike Kappes, Vassiliki Kati, Eric Katovai, Klaus Kellner, Michael Kessler, Kathryn R. Kirby, Andrew M. Kittle, Mairi E. Knight, Eva Knop, Florian Kohler, Matti Koivula, Annette Kolb, Mouhamadou Kone, Ádám Kőrösi, Jochen Krauss, Ajith Kumar, Raman Kumar, David J. Kurz, Alex S. Kutt, Thibault Lachat, Victoria Lantschner, Francisco Lara, Jesse R. Lasky, Steven C. Latta, William F. Laurance, Patrick Lavelle, Violette Le Féon, Gretchen LeBuhn, Jean‐Philippe Légaré, Valérie Lehouck, María V. Lencinas, Pia E. Lentini, Susan G. Letcher, Qi Li, Simon A. Litchwark, Nick A. Littlewood, Yunhui Liu, Nancy Lo‐Man‐Hung, Carlos A. López‐Quintero, Mounir Louhaichi, Gabor L. Lövei, Manuel Esteban Lucas‐Borja, Victor H. Luja, Matthew S. Luskin, M Cristina MacSwiney G, Kaoru Maeto, Tibor Magura, Neil Aldrin Mallari, Louise A. Malone, Patrick K. Malonza, Jagoba Malumbres‐Olarte, Salvador Mandujano, Inger E. Måren, Erika Marin‐Spiotta, Charles J. Marsh, E. J. P. Marshall, Eliana Martínez, Guillermo Martínez Pastur, David Moreno Mateos, Margaret M. Mayfield, Vicente Mazimpaka, Jennifer L. McCarthy, Kyle P. McCarthy, Quinn S. McFrederick, Sean McNamara, Nagore G. Medina, Rafael Medina, Jose L. Mena, Estefania Mico, Grzegorz Mikusinski, Jeffrey C. Milder, James R. Miller, Daniel R. Miranda‐Esquivel, Melinda L. Moir, Carolina L. Morales, Mary N. Muchane, Muchai Muchane, Sonja Mudri‐Stojnic, A. Nur Munira, Antonio Muoñz‐Alonso, B. F. Munyekenye, Robin Naidoo, A. Naithani, Michiko Nakagawa, Akihiro Nakamura, Yoshihiro Nakashima, Shoji Naoe, Guiomar Nates‐Parra, Dario A. Navarrete Gutierrez, Luis Navarro‐Iriarte, Paul K. Ndang'ang'a, Eike L. Neuschulz, Jacqueline T. Ngai, Violaine Nicolas, Sven G. Nilsson, Norbertas Noreika, Olivia Norfolk, Jorge Ari Noriega, David A. Norton, Nicole M. Nöske, A. Justin Nowakowski, Catherine Numa, Niall O'Dea, Patrick J. O'Farrell, William Oduro, Sabine Oertli, Caleb Ofori‐Boateng, Christopher Omamoke Oke, Vicencio Oostra, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Samuel Eduardo Otavo, Navendu V. Page, Juan Paritsis, Alejandro Parra‐H, Luke Parry, Guy Pe'er, Peter B. Pearman, Nicolás Pelegrin, Raphaël Pélissier, Carlos A. Peres, Pablo L. Peri, Anna S. Persson, Theodora Petanidou, Marcell K. Peters, Rohan S. Pethiyagoda, Ben Phalan, T. Keith Philips, Finn C. Pillsbury, Jimmy Pincheira‐Ulbrich, Eduardo Pineda, Joan Pino, Jaime Pizarro‐Araya, A. J. Plumptre, Santiago L. Poggio, Natalia Politi, Pere Pons, Katja Poveda, Eileen F. Power, Steven J. Presley, Vânia Proença, Marino Quaranta, Carolina Quintero, Romina Rader, B. R. Ramesh, Martha P. Ramirez‐Pinilla, Jai Ranganathan, Claus Rasmussen, Nicola A. Redpath‐Downing, J. Leighton Reid, Yana T. Reis, José M. Rey Benayas, Juan Carlos Rey‐Velasco, Chevonne Reynolds, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Miriam H. Richards, Barbara A. Richardson, Michael J. Richardson, Rodrigo Macip Ríos, Richard Robinson, Carolina A. Robles, Jörg Römbke, Luz Piedad Romero‐Duque, Matthias Rös, Loreta Rosselli, Stephen J. Rossiter, Dana S. Roth, T'ai H. Roulston, Laurent Rousseau, André V. Rubio, Jean‐Claude Ruel, Jonathan P. Sadler, Szabolcs Sáfián, Romeo A. Saldaña‐Vázquez, Katerina Sam, Ulrika Samnegård, Joana Santana, Xavier Santos, Jade Savage, Nancy A. Schellhorn, Menno Schilthuizen, Ute Schmiedel, Christine B. Schmitt, Nicole L. Schon, Christof Schüepp, Katharina Schumann, Oliver Schweiger, Dawn M. Scott, Kenneth A. Scott, Jodi L. Sedlock, Steven S. Seefeldt, Ghazala Shahabuddin, Graeme Shannon, Douglas Sheil, Frederick H. Sheldon, Eyal Shochat, Stefan J. Siebert, Fernando A. B. Silva, Javier A. Simonetti, Eleanor M. Slade, Jo Smith, Allan H. Smith‐Pardo, Navjot S. Sodhi, Eduardo J. Somarriba, Ramón A. Sosa, Grimaldo Soto Quiroga, Martin‐Hugues St‐Laurent, Brian M. Starzomski, Constanti Stefanescu, Ingolf Steffan‐Dewenter, Philip C. Stouffer, Jane C. Stout, Ayron M. Strauch, Matthew J. Struebig, Zhimin Su, Marcela Suarez‐Rubio, Shinji Sugiura, Keith S. Summerville, Yik‐Hei Sung, Hari Sutrisno, Jens‐Christian Svenning, Tiit Teder, Caragh G. Threlfall, Anu Tiitsaar, Jacqui H. Todd, Rebecca K. Tonietto, Ignasi Torre, Béla Tóthmérész, Teja Tscharntke, Edgar C. Turner, Jason M. Tylianakis, Marcio Uehara‐Prado, Nicolas Urbina‐Cardona, Denis Vallan, Adam J. Vanbergen, Heraldo L. Vasconcelos, Kiril Vassilev, Hans A. F. Verboven, Maria João Verdasca, José R. Verdú, Carlos H. Vergara, Pablo M. Vergara, Jort Verhulst, Massimiliano Virgilio, Lien Van Vu, Edward M. Waite, Tony R. Walker, Hua‐Feng Wang, Yanping Wang, James I. Watling, Britta Weller, Konstans Wells, Catrin Westphal, Edward D. Wiafe, Christopher D. Williams, Michael R. Willig, John C. Z. Woinarski, Jan H. D. Wolf, Volkmar Wolters, Ben A. Woodcock, Jihua Wu, Joseph M. Wunderle Jr, Yuichi Yamaura, Satoko Yoshikura, Douglas W. Yu, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Juliane Zeidler, Fasheng Zou, Ben Collen, Rob M. Ewers, Georgina M. Mace, Drew W. Purves, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, and Andy Purvis

Subjects
data sharing, global biodiversity modeling, global change, habitat destruction, land use, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/our-work/biodiversity/predicts.html)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.

Published
2017
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20. Chronic biopsy proven post‐COVID myoendocarditis with SARS‐Cov‐2 persistence and high level of antiheart antibodies

Author

Olga Blagova, Yuliya Lutokhina, Evgenia Kogan, Anna Kukleva, Dilara Ainetdinova, Vladimir Novosadov, Ruslan Rud', Polina Savina, Alexander Zaitsev, and Viktor Fomin

Subjects
Heart Failure, Male, SARS-CoV-2, Biopsy, Myocardium, COVID-19, Contrast Media, Gadolinium, General Medicine, Myocarditis, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, Humans, RNA, Viral, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

To study the clinical signs and mechanisms (viral and autoimmune) of myoendocarditis in the long-term period after COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).Fourteen patients (nine male, 50.1 ± 10.2 y.o.) with biopsy proven post-COVID myocarditis were observed. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by IgG seroconversion. The average time of admission after COVID-19 was 5.5 [2; 10] months. An endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) of the right ventricle was obtained. The biopsy analysis included polymerase chain reaction diagnosis of viral infection, morphological, immunohistochemical (IHC) examination with antibodies to CD3, CD45, CD68, CD20, SARS-Cov-2 spike, and nucleocapsid antigens. Coronary atherosclerosis was ruled out in all patients over 40 years.The new cardiac symptoms (congestive heart failure 3-4 New York Heart Association class with severe right ventricular involvement, various rhythm, and conduction disturbances) appeared 1-5 months following COVID-19. Magnetic resonance imaging showed disseminated or focal subepicardial and intramyocardial late gadolinium enhancement, hyperemia, edema, and increased myocardial native T1 relaxation time. Antiheart antibodies levels were increased 3-4 times in 92.9% of patients. The mean left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was 28% (24.5; 37.8). Active lymphocytic myocarditis was diagnosed in 12 patients, eosinophilic myocarditis in two patients. SARS-Cov-2 RNA was detected in 12 cases (85.7%), in association with parvovirus B19 DNA-in one. Three patients had also endocarditis (infective and nonbacterial, with parietal thrombosis). As a result of steroid and chronic heart failure therapy, the EF increased to 47% (37.5; 52.5).COVID-19 can lead to long-term severe post-COVID myoendocarditis, that is characterized by prolonged persistence of coronavirus in cardiomyocytes, endothelium, and macrophages (up to 18 months) in combination with high immune activity. Corticosteroids and anticoagulants should be considered as a treatment option of post-COVID myoendocarditis.

Published
2022

24. Synthesis of ONO‐Ligated Tetrylenes Based on 2,6‐bis(2‐Hydroxyphenyl)pyridines: Influence of Ligand Sterics on the Structure of the Products

Author

Mankaev, Badma N., primary, Serova, Valeriia A., additional, Syroeshkin, Mikhail A., additional, Akyeva, Anna Ya., additional, Sobolev, Alexey V., additional, Churakov, Andrei V., additional, Lermontova, Elmira Kh., additional, Minyaev, Mikhail E., additional, Oprunenko, Yury F., additional, Zabalov, Maxim V., additional, Zaitsev, Kirill V., additional, Zaitseva, Galina S., additional, and Karlov, Sergey S., additional

Published
2023
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25. B cell‐dependent subtypes and treatment‐based immune correlates to survival in stage 3 and 4 lung adenocarcinomas

Author

Raju Paul, Susan, primary, Valiev, Ivan, additional, Korek, Skylar E., additional, Zyrin, Vladimir, additional, Shamsutdinova, Diana, additional, Gancharova, Olga, additional, Zaitsev, Alexander, additional, Nuzhdina, Ekaterina, additional, Davies, Diane L., additional, Dagogo‐Jack, Ibiayi, additional, Frenkel, Felix, additional, Brown, Jessica H., additional, Hess, Joshua M., additional, Viet, Sarah, additional, Petersen, Jason L., additional, Wright, Cameron D., additional, Ott, Harald C., additional, Auchincloss, Hugh G., additional, Muniappan, Ashok, additional, Shioda, Toshihiro, additional, Lanuti, Michael, additional, Davis, Christel M., additional, Ehli, Erik A., additional, Hung, Yin P., additional, Mino‐Kenudson, Mari, additional, Tsiper, Maria, additional, Sluder, Ann E., additional, Reeves, Patrick M., additional, Kotlov, Nikita, additional, Bagaev, Alexander, additional, Ataullakhanov, Ravshan, additional, and Poznansky, Mark C., additional

Published
2023
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30. Diamidoamine Aluminum Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, L–Lactide and ϵ‐Caprolactone Polymerization

Author

Marina M. Kireenko, Kirill V. Zaitsev, Lyudmila G. Kuzmina, Elmira Kh. Lermontova, Andrei V. Churakov, Badma N. Mankaev, A. E. Zhirnov, Sergey S. Karlov, Ekaterina A. Kuchuk, Yuri F. Oprunenko, and Galina S. Zaitseva

Subjects
Transmetalation, chemistry, Polymerization, Aluminium, Polymer chemistry, X-ray crystallography, chemistry.chemical_element, L lactide, General Chemistry, ϵ caprolactone, Ring-opening polymerization
Published
2021

31. Structural characterization of <scp>β‐propiolactone</scp> inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( <scp>SARS‐CoV</scp> ‐2) particles

Author

Yury Ivin, Dmitry V. Bagrov, Konstantin V. Shaitan, Daniil Litvinov, Anastasia Kovpak, Viktor P. Volok, Alexey M. Egorov, Dmitry I. Osolodkin, Olga Sokolova, Anastasia Piniaeva, M. G. Karlova, Anna A. Shishova, Liubov I. Kozlovskaya, Aydar A. Ishmukhametov, Andrey Moiseenko, Mikhail P. Kirpichnikov, G. S. Glukhov, Petr Zaitsev, and Alexey S. Oksanich

Subjects
Histology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medicine.drug_class, viruses, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Size-exclusion chromatography, Monoclonal antibody, SARS‐CoV‐2, S protein, COVID‐19, Propiolactone, Chlorocebus aethiops, medicine, Animals, Humans, Pandemics, Vero Cells, Instrumentation, Research Articles, SARS-CoV-2, Atomic force microscopy, Chemistry, COVID-19, β-propiolactone, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Molecular biology, Medical Laboratory Technology, Vaccines, Inactivated, TEM, Nucleic acid, Ultracentrifuge, AFM, Anatomy, Research Article
Abstract

The severe COVID‐19 pandemic drives the research toward the SARS‐CoV‐2 virion structure and the possible therapies against it. Here, we characterized the β‐propiolactone inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 virions using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We compared the SARS‐CoV‐2 samples purified by two consecutive chromatographic procedures (size exclusion chromatography [SEC], followed by ion‐exchange chromatography [IEC]) with samples purified by ultracentrifugation. The samples prepared using SEC and IEC retained more spikes on the surface than the ones prepared using ultracentrifugation, as confirmed by TEM and AFM. TEM showed that the spike (S) proteins were in the pre‐fusion conformation. Notably, the S proteins could be recognized by specific monoclonal antibodies. Analytical TEM showed that the inactivated virions retained nucleic acid. Altogether, we demonstrated that the inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 virions retain the structural features of native viruses and provide a prospective vaccine candidate., SARS‐CoV‐2 virions inactivated with β‐propiolactone were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy.The S proteins could be recognized by specific monoclonal antibodies.Analytical TEM showed that the inactivated virions retained nucleic acid.

Published
2021

33. External Hardware and Sensors, for Improved MRI

Author

Madore, Bruno, primary, Hess, Aaron T., additional, van Niekerk, Adam M. J., additional, Hoinkiss, Daniel C., additional, Hucker, Patrick, additional, Zaitsev, Maxim, additional, Afacan, Onur, additional, and Günther, Matthias, additional

Published
2022
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35. The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts

Author

Lawrence N. Hudson, Tim Newbold, Sara Contu, Samantha L. L. Hill, Igor Lysenko, Adriana De Palma, Helen R. P. Phillips, Rebecca A. Senior, Dominic J. Bennett, Hollie Booth, Argyrios Choimes, David L. P. Correia, Julie Day, Susy Echeverría‐Londoño, Morgan Garon, Michelle L. K. Harrison, Daniel J. Ingram, Martin Jung, Victoria Kemp, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Callum D. Martin, Yuan Pan, Hannah J. White, Job Aben, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Gilbert B. Adum, Virginia Aguilar‐Barquero, Marcelo A. Aizen, Marc Ancrenaz, Enrique Arbeláez‐Cortés, Inge Armbrecht, Badrul Azhar, Adrián B. Azpiroz, Lander Baeten, András Báldi, John E. Banks, Jos Barlow, Péter Batáry, Adam J. Bates, Erin M. Bayne, Pedro Beja, Åke Berg, Nicholas J. Berry, Jake E. Bicknell, Jochen H. Bihn, Katrin Böhning‐Gaese, Teun Boekhout, Céline Boutin, Jérémy Bouyer, Francis Q. Brearley, Isabel Brito, Jörg Brunet, Grzegorz Buczkowski, Erika Buscardo, Jimmy Cabra‐García, María Calviño‐Cancela, Sydney A. Cameron, Eliana M. Cancello, Tiago F. Carrijo, Anelena L. Carvalho, Helena Castro, Alejandro A. Castro‐Luna, Rolando Cerda, Alexis Cerezo, Matthieu Chauvat, Frank M. Clarke, Daniel F. R. Cleary, Stuart P. Connop, Biagio D'Aniello, Pedro Giovâni daSilva, Ben Darvill, Jens Dauber, Alain Dejean, Tim Diekötter, Yamileth Dominguez‐Haydar, Carsten F. Dormann, Bertrand Dumont, Simon G. Dures, Mats Dynesius, Lars Edenius, Zoltán Elek, Martin H. Entling, Nina Farwig, Tom M. Fayle, Antonio Felicioli, Annika M. Felton, Gentile F. Ficetola, Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Steven J. Fonte, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Daisuke Fukuda, Dario Furlani, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Jenni G. Garden, Carla Gheler‐Costa, Paolo Giordani, Simonetta Giordano, Marco S. Gottschalk, Dave Goulson, Aaron D. Gove, James Grogan, Mick E. Hanley, Thor Hanson, Nor R. Hashim, Joseph E. Hawes, Christian Hébert, Alvin J. Helden, John‐André Henden, Lionel Hernández, Felix Herzog, Diego Higuera‐Diaz, Branko Hilje, Finbarr G. Horgan, Roland Horváth, Kristoffer Hylander, Paola Isaacs‐Cubides, Masahiro Ishitani, Carmen T. Jacobs, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Birgit Jauker, Mats Jonsell, Thomas S. Jung, Vena Kapoor, Vassiliki Kati, Eric Katovai, Michael Kessler, Eva Knop, Annette Kolb, Ádám Kőrösi, Thibault Lachat, Victoria Lantschner, Violette Le Féon, Gretchen LeBuhn, Jean‐Philippe Légaré, Susan G. Letcher, Nick A. Littlewood, Carlos A. López‐Quintero, Mounir Louhaichi, Gabor L. Lövei, Manuel Esteban Lucas‐Borja, Victor H. Luja, Kaoru Maeto, Tibor Magura, Neil Aldrin Mallari, Erika Marin‐Spiotta, E. J. P. Marshall, Eliana Martínez, Margaret M. Mayfield, Grzegorz Mikusinski, Jeffrey C. Milder, James R. Miller, Carolina L. Morales, Mary N. Muchane, Muchai Muchane, Robin Naidoo, Akihiro Nakamura, Shoji Naoe, Guiomar Nates‐Parra, Dario A. Navarrete Gutierrez, Eike L. Neuschulz, Norbertas Noreika, Olivia Norfolk, Jorge Ari Noriega, Nicole M. Nöske, Niall O'Dea, William Oduro, Caleb Ofori‐Boateng, Chris O. Oke, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Juan Paritsis, Alejandro Parra‐H, Nicolás Pelegrin, Carlos A. Peres, Anna S. Persson, Theodora Petanidou, Ben Phalan, T. Keith Philips, Katja Poveda, Eileen F. Power, Steven J. Presley, Vânia Proença, Marino Quaranta, Carolina Quintero, Nicola A. Redpath‐Downing, J. Leighton Reid, Yana T. Reis, Danilo B. Ribeiro, Barbara A. Richardson, Michael J. Richardson, Carolina A. Robles, Jörg Römbke, Luz Piedad Romero‐Duque, Loreta Rosselli, Stephen J. Rossiter, T'ai H. Roulston, Laurent Rousseau, Jonathan P. Sadler, Szabolcs Sáfián, Romeo A. Saldaña‐Vázquez, Ulrika Samnegård, Christof Schüepp, Oliver Schweiger, Jodi L. Sedlock, Ghazala Shahabuddin, Douglas Sheil, Fernando A. B. Silva, Eleanor M. Slade, Allan H. Smith‐Pardo, Navjot S. Sodhi, Eduardo J. Somarriba, Ramón A. Sosa, Jane C. Stout, Matthew J. Struebig, Yik‐Hei Sung, Caragh G. Threlfall, Rebecca Tonietto, Béla Tóthmérész, Teja Tscharntke, Edgar C. Turner, Jason M. Tylianakis, Adam J. Vanbergen, Kiril Vassilev, Hans A. F. Verboven, Carlos H. Vergara, Pablo M. Vergara, Jort Verhulst, Tony R. Walker, Yanping Wang, James I. Watling, Konstans Wells, Christopher D. Williams, Michael R. Willig, John C. Z. Woinarski, Jan H. D. Wolf, Ben A. Woodcock, Douglas W. Yu, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Ben Collen, Rob M. Ewers, Georgina M. Mace, Drew W. Purves, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, and Andy Purvis

Subjects
Data sharing, global change, habitat destruction, land use, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species’ threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project – and avert – future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local‐scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups – including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems – https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/our-work/biodiversity/predicts.html). We make site‐level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.

Published
2014
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36. New method for controlled synthesis of polylactide block copolymers: organoborane/ <scp> p ‐quinone </scp> system and <scp>reversible‐deactivation</scp> radical polymerization

Author

Sergey D. Zaitsev, Semen S. Sologubov, Igor L. Fedushkin, Ivan D Grishin, Dmitrii V. Ludin, Alexey V. Markin, and Tatyana A. Kovylina

Subjects
Reversible-deactivation radical polymerization, Polymers and Plastics, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Copolymer, Quinone
Published
2021

40. The effect of natural disturbances on forest biodiversity: an ecological synthesis

Author

Viljur, Mari‐Liis, primary, Abella, Scott R., additional, Adámek, Martin, additional, Alencar, Janderson Batista Rodrigues, additional, Barber, Nicholas A., additional, Beudert, Burkhard, additional, Burkle, Laura A., additional, Cagnolo, Luciano, additional, Campos, Brent R., additional, Chao, Anne, additional, Chergui, Brahim, additional, Choi, Chang‐Yong, additional, Cleary, Daniel F. R., additional, Davis, Thomas Seth, additional, Dechnik‐Vázquez, Yanus A., additional, Downing, William M., additional, Fuentes‐Ramirez, Andrés, additional, Gandhi, Kamal J. K., additional, Gehring, Catherine, additional, Georgiev, Kostadin B., additional, Gimbutas, Mark, additional, Gongalsky, Konstantin B., additional, Gorbunova, Anastasiya Y., additional, Greenberg, Cathryn H., additional, Hylander, Kristoffer, additional, Jules, Erik S., additional, Korobushkin, Daniil I., additional, Köster, Kajar, additional, Kurth, Valerie, additional, Lanham, Joseph Drew, additional, Lazarina, Maria, additional, Leverkus, Alexandro B., additional, Lindenmayer, David, additional, Marra, Daniel Magnabosco, additional, Martín‐Pinto, Pablo, additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Moretti, Marco, additional, Nam, Hyun‐Young, additional, Obrist, Martin K., additional, Petanidou, Theodora, additional, Pons, Pere, additional, Potts, Simon G., additional, Rapoport, Irina B., additional, Rhoades, Paul R., additional, Richter, Clark, additional, Saifutdinov, Ruslan A., additional, Sanders, Nathan J., additional, Santos, Xavier, additional, Steel, Zachary, additional, Tavella, Julia, additional, Wendenburg, Clara, additional, Wermelinger, Beat, additional, Zaitsev, Andrey S., additional, and Thorn, Simon, additional

Published
2022
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41. Immobilization of amikacin on dextran: biocomposite materials that release an antibiotic in the presence of bacterial dextranase

Author

Aristidis Tsatsakis, Anna L. Luss, Vladimir Zaitsev, Kirill Kushnerev, Tatiana S. Seregina, V. A. Dyatlov, A. A. Artyukhov, Anna Chumakova, Mikhail I. Shtilman, and Yaroslav Mezhuev

Subjects
Dextranase, Polymers and Plastics, medicine.drug_class, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Antibiotics, Microbiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dextran, chemistry, Amikacin, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Biocomposite, business, medicine.drug
Published
2021

42. Factors influencing competitive balance across European football top tier leagues

Author

Gasparetto, T, Mishchenko, D, Zaitsev, E, Gasparetto, T, Mishchenko, D, and Zaitsev, E

Abstract

The study aims to examine the factors impacting the competitive balance (CB) in 22 of Europe's top-tier football leagues from 2004 to 2021. Three types of influence factors are selected: financial, economic, and sportive. The dataset has a total of 374 observations, comprising 22 countries over 17 seasons. Competitive Balance is measure by three indicators for robustness check. Six Ordinary Least Squares regression models are carried out. Our outputs evidence that play-offs for relegation, average age, talent concentration, and standard deviation of team values showed negative effect while number of teams in the league, Elo rank, local currency to Euro rate, and Gini index have positive effect. The best level of balance is achieved with a percentage of relegated of 20.9%. Our study explains the change in CB in terms of tournament format, financial indicators, and a wide range of economic variables that have not previously been presented. The empirical results offered here may be useful for UEFA and domestic league organizers in order to improve the competitive level in the European football.

Published
2022

45. The effect of natural disturbances on forest biodiversity: an ecological synthesis

Author

Mari‐Liis Viljur, Scott R. Abella, Martin Adámek, Janderson Batista Rodrigues Alencar, Nicholas A. Barber, Burkhard Beudert, Laura A. Burkle, Luciano Cagnolo, Brent R. Campos, Anne Chao, Brahim Chergui, Chang‐Yong Choi, Daniel F. R. Cleary, Thomas Seth Davis, Yanus A. Dechnik‐Vázquez, William M. Downing, Andrés Fuentes‐Ramirez, Kamal J. K. Gandhi, Catherine Gehring, Kostadin B. Georgiev, Mark Gimbutas, Konstantin B. Gongalsky, Anastasiya Y. Gorbunova, Cathryn H. Greenberg, Kristoffer Hylander, Erik S. Jules, Daniil I. Korobushkin, Kajar Köster, Valerie Kurth, Joseph Drew Lanham, Maria Lazarina, Alexandro B. Leverkus, David Lindenmayer, Daniel Magnabosco Marra, Pablo Martín‐Pinto, Jorge A. Meave, Marco Moretti, Hyun‐Young Nam, Martin K. Obrist, Theodora Petanidou, Pere Pons, Simon G. Potts, Irina B. Rapoport, Paul R. Rhoades, Clark Richter, Ruslan A. Saifutdinov, Nathan J. Sanders, Xavier Santos, Zachary Steel, Julia Tavella, Clara Wendenburg, Beat Wermelinger, Andrey S. Zaitsev, and Simon Thorn

Subjects
Disturbance extent, Intermediate disturbance hypothesis, Biodiversity, Forests, Plants, Disturbance severity, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Trees, Birds, β-diversity, Natural disturbance, Forest communities, ddc:570, α-diversity, Animals, Humans, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ecosystem, Diversity-disturbance relationship
Abstract

Disturbances alter biodiversity via their specific characteristics, including severity and extent in the landscape, which act at different temporal and spatial scales. Biodiversity response to disturbance also depends on the community characteristics and habitat requirements of species. Untangling the mechanistic interplay of these factors has guided disturbance ecology for decades, generating mixed scientific evidence of biodiversity responses to disturbance. Understanding the impact of natural disturbances on biodiversity is increasingly important due to human-induced changes in natural disturbance regimes. In many areas, major natural forest disturbances, such as wildfires, windstorms, and insect outbreaks, are becoming more frequent, intense, severe, and widespread due to climate change and land-use change. Conversely, the suppression of natural disturbances threatens disturbance-dependent biota. Using a meta-analytic approach, we analysed a global data set (with most sampling concentrated in temperate and boreal secondary forests) of species assemblages of 26 taxonomic groups, including plants, animals, and fungi collected from forests affected by wildfires, windstorms, and insect outbreaks. The overall effect of natural disturbances on α-diversity did not differ significantly from zero, but some taxonomic groups responded positively to disturbance, while others tended to respond negatively. Disturbance was beneficial for taxonomic groups preferring conditions associated with open canopies (e.g. hymenopterans and hoverflies), whereas ground-dwelling groups and/or groups typically associated with shady conditions (e.g. epigeic lichens and mycorrhizal fungi) were more likely to be negatively impacted by disturbance. Across all taxonomic groups, the highest α-diversity in disturbed forest patches occurred under moderate disturbance severity, i.e. with approximately 55% of trees killed by disturbance. We further extended our meta-analysis by applying a unified diversity concept based on Hill numbers to estimate α-diversity changes in different taxonomic groups across a gradient of disturbance severity measured at the stand scale and incorporating other disturbance features. We found that disturbance severity negatively affected diversity for Hill number q = 0 but not for q = 1 and q = 2, indicating that diversity–disturbance relationships are shaped by species relative abundances. Our synthesis of α-diversity was extended by a synthesis of disturbance-induced change in species assemblages, and revealed that disturbance changes the β-diversity of multiple taxonomic groups, including some groups that were not affected at the α-diversity level (birds and woody plants). Finally, we used mixed rarefaction/extrapolation to estimate biodiversity change as a function of the proportion of forests that were disturbed, i.e. the disturbance extent measured at the landscape scale. The comparison of intact and naturally disturbed forests revealed that both types of forests provide habitat for unique species assemblages, whereas species diversity in the mixture of disturbed and undisturbed forests peaked at intermediate values of disturbance extent in the simulated landscape. Hence, the relationship between α-diversity and disturbance severity in disturbed forest stands was strikingly similar to the relationship between species richness and disturbance extent in a landscape consisting of both disturbed and undisturbed forest habitats. This result suggests that both moderate disturbance severity and moderate disturbance extent support the highest levels of biodiversity in contemporary forest landscapes., British Ecological Society LRB20/1002, Junta de Andalucia, European Commission B-FQM-366-UGR20, Centro ANID Basal FB210015, Direccion de Investigacion Universidad de La Frontera DIUFRO DI20-0066, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Max Planck Society, INCT Madeiras da Amazonia, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) 01LB1001A 01LK1602A, Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI/FINEP) 01.11.01248.00, Russian Science Foundation (RSF) 21-14-00227, Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic Czech Republic Government LTC 20058, Czech Academy of Sciences RVO67985939, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) GR3/11743, Greek project POL-AEGIS, Program THALES MIS 376737, Projekt DEAL TH 2218/5-1

Published
2022

47. 3D localized lactate detection in muscle tissue using double‐quantum filtered 1 H MRS with adiabatic refocusing pulses at 7 T

Author

Sigrun Roat, Martin Meyerspeer, Maxim Zaitsev, Martin Krššák, Siegfried Trattnig, Graham J. Kemp, Fabian Niess, Wolfgang Bogner, Albrecht Ingo Schmid, and Ewald Moser

Subjects
Muscle tissue, medicine.anatomical_structure, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Chemistry, Ultra high field, Fiber orientation, medicine, MRS Sequence, Skeletal muscle, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Time resolution, Double quantum, Adiabatic process
Abstract

PURPOSE Lactate is a key metabolite in skeletal muscle and whole-body physiology. Its MR visibility in muscle is affected by overlapping lipid signals and fiber orientation. Double-quantum filtered (DQF) 1 H MRS selectively detects lactate at 1.3 ppm, but at ultra-high field the efficiency of slice-selective 3D-localization with conventional RF pulses is limited by bandwidth. This novel 3D-localized 1 H DQF MRS sequence uses adiabatic refocusing pulses to unambiguously detect lactate in skeletal muscle at 7 T. METHODS Lactate double-quantum coherences were 3D-localized using slice-selective Shinnar-Le Roux optimized excitation and adiabatic refocusing pulses (similar to semi-LASER). DQF MR spectra were acquired at 7 T from lactate phantoms, meat specimens with injected lactate (exploring multiple TEs and fiber orientations), and human gastrocnemius in vivo during and after exercise (without cuff ischemia). RESULTS Lactate was readily detected, achieving the full potential of 50% signal with a DQF, in solution. The effects of fiber orientation and TE on the lactate doublet (peak splitting, amplitude, and phase) were in good agreement with theory and literature. Exercise-induced lactate accumulation was detected with 30 s time resolution. CONCLUSION This novel 3D-localized 1 H DQF MRS sequence can dynamically detect glycolytically generated lactate in muscle during exercise and recovery at 7 T.

Published
2021

50. Diamidoamine Aluminum Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, L–Lactide and ϵ‐Caprolactone Polymerization

Author

Kuchuk, Ekaterina A., primary, Kireenko, Marina M., additional, Mankaev, Badma N., additional, Zaitsev, Kirill V., additional, Churakov, Andrei V., additional, Lermontova, Elmira Kh., additional, Kuz'mina, Lyudmila G., additional, Oprunenko, Yuri F., additional, Zhirnov, Artem E., additional, Zaitseva, Galina S., additional, and Karlov, Sergey S., additional

Published
2021
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