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Abstract Accurate estimation of wind power is essential for predicting and maintaining the power balance in the power system. This paper proposes a novel approach to enhance the accuracy of wind power estimation through a hybrid model integrating neural networks and error discrimination‐correction techniques. In order to improve the accuracy of estimation, a bidirectional gating recurrent unit is developed, forming an initial wind power estimation curve through training. Additionally, a sequential model‐based algorithmic configuration optimizes bidirectional gating recurrent unit's network hyperparameters. To tackle estimation errors, a multi‐layer perceptron combined with sequential model‐based algorithmic configuration is employed to create a classification model that automatically discerns the quality of estimates. Subsequently, an innovative correction model, based on grey relevancy degree and relevancy errors, is devised to rectify erroneous estimates. The final estimates result from a summation of the initial estimates and the values derived from error corrections. By analysing the real data from a wind farm in northwest China, a simulation test validates the proposed hybrid model. Experimental results demonstrate a substantial improvement in modelling accuracy when compared to the initial model.

Abstract An unprecedented silver‐mediated intramolecular oxy‐argentation of 3‐amidoaryne precursors that quickly generates a heteroarylsilver species is developed. AgF acts as both a stoichiometric fluoride source and a reagent for the formation of a benzoxazolylsilver intermediate via aryne generation. Pd‐catalyzed coupling reactions of (hetero)aryl iodides with a silver species, generated in situ, allow for the synthesis of various C7‐arylated benzoxazoles. As a result, an aryl group is selectively introduced into the meta‐position of 3‐amidobenzyne precursors. Mechanistic studies have indicated the presence of a benzoxazolylsilver intermediate and revealed that the reaction proceeds via an intramolecular oxy‐argentation process, which is initiated by a direct fluoride attack on the silyl group.

Abstract Cuproptosis is a form of regulated cell death, which is characterized by the lethal accumulation of excessive copper in cells. However, its role in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains elusive. Our study aimed to decipher the biological function of cuproptosis‐related genes (CRGs) in patients with COAD. The expression data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, while the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to verify the results. A total of eight differentially expressed CRGs were selected from patients with COAD. Subsequently, patients were stratified into three subtypes with distinct clinical and biological features. In view of the huge differences in the prognosis between subtypes A and C, we selected them for further study, including the variations in clinical progressions, oncogenic pathways, and immune cell infiltration. For the sake of better evaluation, we also established a cuproptosis index (CI) to quantify the heterogeneity of CRGs expression. Enrichment analysis showed that the high‐CI group was enriched in immune activation pathways. Meanwhile, the immunosuppressive cell infiltration and immune checkpoints were elevated in the high‐CI group. The CI we constructed had its predicting function in different clinical groups. Besides, we noticed that CRGs, especially CDKN2A, were closely related to the clinical progression in patients with COAD and immune cell infiltration in tumors. Moreover, CDKN2A could become a potential novel target for immunotherapy in the setting of COAD.

Abstract Background Early‐onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has been increasing in incidence worldwide but its genomic pathogenesis is mostly undetermined. This study aimed to identify robust EOCRC‐specific gene expression patterns in non‐familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and non‐hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC) EOCRC. Method We first performed gene expression profiling analysis using RNA sequencing of discovery cohort comprised of 49 EOCRC (age 70) specimens. To obtain robust gene expression data from this analysis, we validated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through TCGA cohort (EOCRC:59 samples, LOCRC:229 samples) and our validation cohort (EOCRC:72 samples, LOCRC:43 samples) using real‐time RT‐PCR. After the validation of DEGs, we validated the selected gene at protein levels using Western blotting. To identify whether genomic methylation regulates the expression of a particular gene, we selected methylation sites using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets and validated them by pyrosequencing in our validation cohort. Results The EOCRC patients included in this study had significantly more prominent family history of cancer than the LOCRC patients (23 [46.9%] vs. 13 [26%], p = 0.050). Alanyl aminopeptidase (ANPEP) was significantly downregulated in the EOCRC tissues (FC = 1.78, p = 0.0007) and was also commonly downregulated in the TCGA cohort (FC = −1.08, p = 0.0021). Moreover, the ANPEP mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly downregulated in the EOCRC tissues of our validation cohort (p = 0.037 and 0.027). In comparisons of the normal and tumor tissues in public datasets, the ANPEP level was significantly lower in the tumor tissue in the TCGA dataset (p

Abstract Background CD300s are a group of proteins playing vital roles in immune responses. However, much is yet to be elucidated regarding the expression patterns and clinical significances of CD300s in cancers. Methods In this study, we comprehensively investigated CD300s in a pan‐cancer manner using multi‐omic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We also studied the relationship between CD300s and the immune landscape of AML. Results We found that CD300A‐CD300LF were generally overexpressed in tumors (especially AML), whereas CD300LG was more often downregulated. In AML, transactivation of CD300A was not mediated by genetic alterations but by histone modification. Survival analyses revealed that high CD300A‐CD300LF expression predicted poor outcome in AML patients; the prognostic value of CD300A was validated in seven independent datasets and a meta dataset including 1115 AML patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CD300A expression could add prognostic value in refining existing risk models in AML. Importantly, CD300A‐CD300LF expression was closely associated with T‐cell dysfunction score and could predict response to AML immunotherapy. Also, CD300A was found to be positively associated with HLA genes and critical immune checkpoints in AML, such as VISTA, CD86, CD200R1, Tim‐3, and the LILRB family genes. Conclusions Our study demonstrated CD300s as potential prognostic biomarker and an ideal immunotherapy target in AML, which warrants future functional and clinical studies.

Abstract Regeneration is a complex process affected by many elements independent or combined, including inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Stem cells is a class of primitive cells with the potentiality of differentiation, regenerate with self‐replication, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulatory functions. Stem cells and their cytokines not only inextricably linked to the regeneration of ectodermal and skin tissues, but also can be used for the treatment of a variety of chronic wounds. Stem cells can produce exosomes in a paracrine manner. Stem cell exosomes play an important role in tissue regeneration, repair, and accelerated wound healing, the biological properties of which are similar with stem cells, while stem cell exosomes are safer and more effective. Skin and bone tissues are critical organs in the body, which are essential for sustaining life activities. The weak repairing ability leads a pronounced impact on the quality of life of patients, which could be alleviated by stem cell exosomes treatment. However, there are obstacles that stem cells and stem cells exosomes trough skin for improved bioavailability. This paper summarizes the applications and mechanisms of stem cells and stem cells exosomes for skin and bone healing. We also propose new ways of utilizing stem cells and their exosomes through different nanoformulations, liposomes and nanoliposomes, polymer micelles, microspheres, hydrogels, and scaffold microneedles, to improve their use in tissue healing and regeneration.

Abstract In this paper, a cooperative orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system with multiple untrusted amplify‐and‐forward relays is considered. Since there exists no direct link between source and user because of the shadowing effect, a positive system secrecy rate cannot be obtained. Addressing this issue, a cooperative user‐aided jamming technique to improve the secrecy performance is employed. With the aim of maximising the system secrecy rate, a joint resource allocation problem of power allocation, relay assignment and subcarrier pairing is formulated. By using the signal‐to‐noise ratio based approach and the Lagrange dual method, this nonconvex problem is solved efficiently. To reduce the calculation complexity, a suboptimal algorithm, which decouples the power allocation with the relay assignment and subcarrier pairing is further proposed. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the advantage of the two proposed algorithms and the impact of relays' location and number of subcarriers on the secrecy performance. Moreover, it is shown that the secrecy performance of the proposed scheme is decreased with respect to the number of untrusted relays.

Abstract Urban pollution caused by road particles is widely criticized. The complex and changeable internal flow field of the dust suction port has the greatest influence of the dust suction operation effect. The aim of this paper is to explore the influence law of various influencing factors on the flow field characteristics of the sweeper’s dust suction port, and reveal its influence mechanism on the dust suction efficiency of the dust suction port. The results of the study show that: increasing the width and outlet diameter will change the flow field characteristics, and the dust suction efficiency will change accordingly, 500 mm and 280 mm are the best width and outlet diameter respectively. The increase of driving speed will increase the relative speed between the inlet surface and dust particles, causing dust particles to spill. The increase of negative pressure at the outlet will increase the flow field characteristics, but the dust suction efficiency will stop when it increases to a certain value. A new dust suction port structure is proposed to further improve the dust suction efficiency. This study can provide a reference for the design of the dust suction port.

Abstract In searching for unique and unexplored 2D materials, the authors try to investigate for the very first time the use of delaminated V‐MXene coupled with precious metal ruthenium (Ru) through atomic layer deposition (ALD) for various contact and noncontact mode of real‐time temperature sensing applications at the human–machine interface. The novel delaminated V‐MXene (DM‐V2CTx) engineered ruthenium‐ALD (Ru‐ALD) temperature sensor demonstrates a competitive sensing performance of 1.11% °C−1 as of only V‐MXene of 0.42% °C−1. A nearly threefold increase in sensing and reversibility performance linked to the highly ordered few‐layered V‐MXene and selective, well‐controlled Ru atomic doping by ALD for the successful formation of Ru@DM‐V2CTX heterostructure. The advanced heterostructure formation, the mechanism, and the role of Ru have been comprehensively investigated by ultra‐high‐resolution transmission/scanning transmission electron microscopies coupled with next‐generation spherical aberration correction technology and fast, accurate elemental mapping quantifications, also by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. To the knowledge, this work is the first to use the novel, optimally processed V‐MXene over conventionally used Ti‐MXene and its surface‐internal structure engineering by Ru‐ALD process‐based temperature‐sensing devices function and operational demonstrations. The current work could potentially motivate the development of multifunctional, future, next‐generation, safe, personal healthcare electronic devices by the industrially scalable ALD technique.

Background. The sepsis screening tool is essential because it enables the rapid identification of high-risk patients and facilitates prompt treatment. Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) is a widely used screening tool for sepsis. However, it has limitations in predicting patient prognosis. We developed the S-S.M.A.R.T (sepsis evaluation with shock index, mental status, age, and ROX index on triage) and aimed at evaluating it as a screening tool for patients with suspected sepsis in the emergency department. Methods. We conducted a single-center retrospective chart review of patients with suspected sepsis in the emergency department. We compared the prognosis prediction abilities of the S-S.M.A.R.T and qSOFA scores in patients with suspected sepsis. The primary outcome was 7-day mortality, and the secondary outcomes included 30-day mortality and ICU admission. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the chi-square test were used. Results. In total, 401 patients were enrolled. The mean age of the patients was 72.2 ± 15.6 years, and 213 (53.1%) of them were female. The S-S.M.A.R.T had superior predictive ability for prognosis of patients with suspected sepsis compared to qSOFA (area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.789 vs. 0.699; p=0.02 for 7-day mortality, AUC of 0.786 vs. 0.681; p

Abstract The role of B7‐H3 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is not fully understood. Two previous studies investigating its expression and significances in AML are partially different. In this study, we aimed to systematically characterize the genomic and immune landscape in AML patients with altered B7‐H3 expression using multi‐omics data in the public domain. We found significantly increased B7‐H3 expression in AML compared to either other hematological malignancies or healthy controls. Clinically, high B7‐H3 expression was associated with old age, TP53 mutations, wild‐type WT1 and CEBPA, and the M3 and M5 FAB subtypes. Moreover, we observed that increased B7‐H3 expression correlated significantly with a poor outcome of AML patients in four independent datasets. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed the enrichment of the “EMT” oncogenic gene signatures in high B7‐H3 expressers. Further investigation suggested that B7‐H3 was more likely to be associated with immune‐suppressive cells (macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and Th17 cells). B7‐H3 was also positively associated with a number of checkpoint genes, such as VISTA (B7‐H5), CD80 (B7‐1), CD86 (B7‐2), and CD70. In summary, we uncovered distinct genomic and immunologic features associated with B7‐H3 expression in AML. This may lead to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying B7‐H3 dysregulation in AML and to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Abstract Under ER stress conditions, the ER form of transmembrane proteins can reach the plasma membrane via a Golgi‐independent unconventional protein secretion (UPS) pathway. However, the targeting mechanisms of membrane proteins for UPS are unknown. Here, this study reports that TMED proteins play a critical role in the ER stress‐associated UPS of transmembrane proteins. The gene silencing results reveal that TMED2, TMED3, TMED9 and TMED10 are involved in the UPS of transmembrane proteins, such as CFTR, pendrin and SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike. Subsequent mechanistic analyses indicate that TMED3 recognizes the ER core‐glycosylated protein cargos and that the heteromeric TMED2/3/9/10 complex mediates their UPS. Co‐expression of all four TMEDs improves, while each single expression reduces, the UPS and ion transport function of trafficking‐deficient ΔF508‐CFTR and p.H723R‐pendrin, which cause cystic fibrosis and Pendred syndrome, respectively. In contrast, TMED2/3/9/10 silencing reduces SARS‐CoV‐2 viral release. These results provide evidence for a common role of TMED3 and related TMEDs in the ER stress‐associated, Golgi‐independent secretion of transmembrane proteins.

Abstract In this study, a non‐orthogonal multiple access based cooperative relay system is investigated, where the source serves multiple destinations via an amplify‐and‐forward relay. Direct links between the source and destinations are considered to form a general framework while the maximum ratio combination (MRC) is applied to obtain the largest decoding signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR). Firstly, the outage performance is analysed with given successive interference cancellation (SIC) order and power allocation. An excellent approximated expression for the exact outage probabilities is derived in closed form. In addition, the asymptotic expression at high signal‐to‐noise ratio is provided to gain further insights. Then, in order to fully exploit the potential of the system, a joint optimisation of SIC order design and power allocation is formulated, with the objective of minimising the maximum outage probability of all destinations. By exploring the inherent property of the system, an optimal solution of SIC order and power allocation is developed. Finally, simulation results are presented to verify the correctness of the analytical results as well as indicate the efficiency of authors' SIC order design and power allocation algorithm.

Abstract Background Although elevated serum gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a known indicator of increased risk of several cancers, the clinical value of repeated measurements of GGT has not been determined. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether repeatedly elevated serum GGT levels are associated with the risk of respiratory cancer incidence. Methods We included participants who had undergone the Korean Health screening four times during 2009–2012 and had previously undergone four consecutive examinations. Those who were diagnosed with respiratory cancer before the date of examination were excluded. The participants obtained one GGT point if their GGT levels were in the highest quartile (the quartile 4 group). We analyzed the association between GGT points and respiratory cancer incidence by Cox proportional hazard models. Results During mean follow‐up of 6.39 ± 1.2 years, 3,559,109 participants were enrolled. Of them, 8,944 (0.34%) men and 1,484 (0.14%) women were newly diagnosed with respiratory cancer. In multivariate analysis adjusted for confounding factors, male participants with 4 GGT points had a significantly higher hazards of developing respiratory cancer than those with 0 GGT points (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31–1.48). Among female, participants with the highest points of GGT also had sixfold increased risk of developing laryngeal cancer. However, no significant association was observed between GGT points and lung cancer incidence among women (HR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.81–1.11). Conclusion Repeatedly elevated serum levels of GGT were associated with a higher risk of respiratory cancer incidence, especially in men. This finding suggests that physicians can identify a person with a higher risk of respiratory cancer through a simple repeated measurement of GGT.

Abstract Background There are several ways to determine psychological resilience. However, the correlation between each measurement is not clear. We explored associations of baseline relative “resilience” and risk with later self‐reported trait resilience and other biological/mental health indices. Methods We utilized baseline and follow‐up survey data from 500 participants aged 30–64 in the community cohort. Baseline “relative” resilience was defined by: (a) negative life events (NLEs) in the six months before baseline and (b) depressive symptoms at baseline, yielding four groups of individuals: i) “Unexposed and well,” “Vulnerable (depression),” “Reactive (depression),” and “Resilient.” “Trait” resilience at follow‐up was self‐reported using the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC). Associations between relative resilience at baseline, CD‐RISC, and heart rate variability (HRV) indices at follow‐up were assessed with generalized linear regression models after adjustments. Associations between baseline resilience and subsequent loneliness/depression indices were also evaluated. Results Overall trait resilience and its subfactors at follow‐up showed strong negative associations with “Reactive” at baseline (adj‐β for total CD‐RISC score: −11.204 (men), −9.472 (women)). However, resilience at baseline was not associated with later HRV, which was compared with the significant positive association observed between CD‐RISC and HRV at the same follow‐up time point. The “Reactive” exhibited significantly increased depressive symptoms at follow‐up. The overall distribution pattern of CD‐RISC subfactors differed by baseline resilience status by sex. Conclusions The “relative” resilience based on the absence of depression despite prior adversity seems to be highly related with trait resilience at follow‐up but not with HRV. The sub‐factor pattern of CD‐RISC was different by sex.