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Sertoli cells (SCs) provide structural and nutritional support for developing germ cells. Normal glucose metabolism of SCs is necessary for spermatogenesis. Melatonin could alleviate the effects of heat stress on spermatogenesis. However, the influences of heat stress on glucose metabolism in SCs remain unclear, and the potential protective mechanisms of melatonin on SCs need more exploration. In this study, boar SCs were treated at 43°C for 30 min, and different concentrations of melatonin were added to protect SCs from heat stress-induced impairment. These results showed that heat stress-induced oxidative stress caused cell apoptosis, inhibited the pentose phosphate pathway, and decreased the ATP content. Furthermore, heat stress increased the expressions of glucose intake- and glycolytic-related enzymes, which enhanced the glycolysis activity to compensate for the energy deficit. Melatonin relieved heat stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by activating the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)/NF-E2-related factor 2 signaling pathway to increase the capacity of antioxidants. In addition, melatonin enhanced heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression through melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B), thereby stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Activation of the HIF-1α signaling pathway enhanced glycolysis, promoted the pentose phosphate pathway, and increased cell viability. Our results suggest that melatonin reprograms glucose metabolism in SCs through the MTNR1B-HSP90-HIF-1α axis and provides a theoretical basis for preventing heat stress injury.

Recently, several studies have reported that the pharmacological effects exerted by cannabidiol (CBD) are partially related to the regulation of autophagy. Increasing evidence indicates that autophagy provides protection against ischemia-induced brain injury. However, the protective effect of CBD against mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in hemorrhagic shock (HS)-induced brain injury has not been studied. In the present study, we observed the protective effects of CBD against neural mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in a rat model of HS. In addition, CBD increased Beclin-1 and LC3II expression and reduced P62 expression, which were indicative of autophagy. CBD treatment attenuated the neural apoptosis induced by HS, as reflected by restoring mitochondrial dysfunction, downregulation of BAX, neuro-apoptosis ratio and NF-κB signaling activation, and upregulation of BCL2 in the cerebral cortex. Such protective effects were reversed by 3-Methyladenine, a specific autophagy inhibitor, indicating that the protective effects of CBD treatment involved autophagy. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, significantly inhibited CBD-induced autophagy, demonstrating that PI3K/AKT signaling is involved in the CBD's regulation of autophagy. Furthermore, we found that CBD treatment upregulated PI3K/AKT signaling via cannabinoid receptor 1. Therefore, these findings suggested that CBD treatment protects against cerebral injury induced by HS-mediated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to reinforce autophagy.

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a key role in cellular energy homeostasis and cell proliferation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression in biological processes. It is unclear to whether miRNAs are involved in AMPK-regulated Sertoli cell (SC) proliferation. To further understand the regulation of miRNAs in the immature boar SC proliferation, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) was added to activate AMPK. By an Illumina small RNA deep sequencing, we obtained sequences and relative expression levels of 272 known mature miRNAs, among which 9 miRNAs were significantly upregulated whereas 16 miRNAs were downregulated following the AICAR treatment. The results identified 38 conserved miRNAs, with 8 significantly downregulated miRNAs whereas no upregulated miRNAs. Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses suggested that miR-1285 was involved in many activities and pathways associated with cell proliferation via targeting on AMPKα2. We validated that AICAR significantly downregulated miR-1285 level in SCs. Transfection of miR-1285 mimic increased the SC viability and cell cycle progression but reduced AMPKα2 mRNA and protein levels, indicating that miR-1285 is involved in the immature boar SC proliferation via downregulating AMPKα2 expression.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces germ cell apoptosis, but its mechanism of action is not clear. One possibility is that LPS regulates the expression of FAS ligand (FASLG) in Sertoli cells, which will then influence germ cell apoptosis. In this study, LPS reduced the viability of cultured, immature boar Sertoli cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner; enhanced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFA), interleukin-1β (IL1B), nitric oxide (NO), and transforming growth factor-β (TGFB); and increased the expression of FASLG in a dose-dependent manner. While 10 μg/ml LPS enhanced the expression of FASLG, reduced cell cycle progression, and impaired the ultrastructure of Sertoli cells, this dose did not induce apoptosis. LPS also had no effect on the activity or expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 or 9 (MMP2 or MMP9). In contrast, the expression of ssc-miR-187 increased following LPS challenge, and inhibition of ssc-miR-187 blocked LPS-induced expression of FASLG. Our results therefore suggest that LPS reduces the viability of and enhances FASLG expression in cultured, immature boar Sertoli cells through elevated secretion of TNFA, IL1B, NO, and TGFB as well as through the regulation of ssc-miR-187 potency.

Summary This paper attempts to acquire a good understanding of the formation and evolution of acid sulphate soils (ASS), as well as to assess the consequent environmental impacts. An incubation experiment to simulate the development of ASS under various weathering scenarios was set up. Fresh monosulphidic black ooze (MBO) material was divided into three parts and each was subjected to different drying and rewetting regimes by controlling an artificial water table in an incubation cell. The observations focused on the changes in mineralogy of the material and reflectance spectral changes during the oxidation process, and the ionic composition and chemical status of the solutions generated. Mineralogical investigations with hyperspectral and XRD analysis showed that frequent inundation produced extensive surface oxidation and a change from iron sulphide minerals to stable end members such as goethite. For the material experiencing moderate or occasional inundation, oxidation was less advanced and a different secondary mineral suite, with iron sulphate minerals such as jarosite, was present. Solutions generated from all the incubation cells were generally acidic with pH around 3.5, indicating that sulphide oxidation occurred rapidly in all cells. Sulphate concentrations in solutions from the different cells were calculated from the measurements of SO42− and other anions in solutions and may approximate the rates of sulphide oxidation. Potential environmental impacts were illustrated in terms of soil acidity, salinity and trace metal release, and the effects of the different wetting/drying regimes on the oxidative process also provided insight into potential weathering effects in a changing climate.

SUMMARY Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is known to be involved in mammalian cell proliferation, while S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) plays a vital role in the cell cycle. Within the testis, estrogen also plays an important role in Sertoli cell proliferation, although it is not clear how. The present study asked if mTOR is involved in 17β-estradiol-dependent Sertoli cell proliferation. We specifically assessed if extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and/or phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) exert convergent effects toward the activation of mTOR signaling, and if this signaling regulates the expression of SKP2 through retinoblastoma (RB) and early mitotic inhibitor 1 (EMI1) protein and on CCNE1 and CCND1 mRNA levels. Treatment with 17β-estradiol for 15–90 min activated mTOR, with mTOR phosphorylation peaking after 30 min. U0126 (5 μM), a specific inhibitor of (MEK1/2), and 10-DEBC (2 μM), a selective inhibitor of AKT, both significantly reduced 17β-estradiol-induced phosphorylation of mTOR. Rapamycin suppressed 17β-estradiol-induced Sertoli cell proliferation, appearing to act by reducing the abundance of SKP2, CCND1, and CCNE1 mRNA as well as RB and EMI1 protein. These data indicated that 17β-estradiol enhances Sertoli cell proliferation via mTOR activation, which involves both ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling. Activated mTOR subsequently increases SKP2 mRNA and protein expression by enhancing the expression of CCND1 and CCNE1, and inhibits SKP2 protein degradation by increasing EMI1 abundance. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 82: 305–314, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Background The aim of the present study was to compare the reported efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-l receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and insulin glargine (IGlar) for poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Methods Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov were carried out. References and cited papers of relevant articles were also checked. Results Seven trials met the inclusion criteria. GLP-1RA showed equivalent or superior efficacy to IGlar for reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), with a greater proportion of patients achieving HbAlc

In this paper, an effective decision process method is proposed to address the challenge in a multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem because of large number of criteria. This method is based on the criteria reduction, tolerance relation, and prospect theory (PT). By building a discernibility matrix for tolerance relation (DMTR) in an MCDM problem with numerical values or interval numbers, this method first allows us to recognize a set of critical criteria from a large criteria pool, and ignore the other criteria. Next, it establishes the criteria weights through the DMTR as they are usually not indicated in the data. Then, the method ranks all the choices and selects the most desirable choice according to the weighted majority advantage value (WMAV). Here two risk-preference assumptions are proposed based on the PT and tolerance degree to select the WMAVs of different interval numbers with the same expectation. Using different risk-preference assumptions, we separately build WMAVs for different types of DMs. Finally, we presented two voting examples to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method.

In this paper, a radial basis collocation method (RBCM) based on the global space-time multiquadric (MQ) is proposed to solve the inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP). The global MQ is simply constructed by incorporating time dimension into the MQ function as a new variable in radial coordinate. The method approximates the IHCP as an over-determined linear system with the use of two sets of collocation points: one is satisfied with the governing equation and another is for the given conditions. The least-square technique is introduced to find the solution of the over-determined linear system. The present work investigates two types of the ill-posed heat conduction problems: the IHCP to recover the surface temperature and heat flux history on a source point from the measurement data at interior locations, and the backward heat conduction problem (BHCP) to retrieve the initial temperature distribution from the known temperature distribution at a given time. Numerical results of four benchmark examples show that the proposed method can provide accurate and stable numerical solutions for one-dimensional and two-dimensional IHCP problems. The sensitivity of the method with respect to the measured data, location of measurement, time step, shape parameter and scaling factor is also investigated.

The inverse problem of 2D Laplace equation involves an estimation of unknown boundary values or the locations of boundary shape from noisy observations on over-specified boundary or internal data points. The application of radial basis collocation method (RBCM), one of meshless and non-iterative numerical schemes, directly induces this inverse boundary value problem (IBVP) to a single-step solution of a system of linear algebraic equations in which the coefficients matrix is inherently ill-conditioned. In order to solve the unstable problem observed in the conventional RBCM, an effective procedure that builds an over-determined linear system and combines with least-square technique is proposed to restore the stability of the solution in this paper. The present work investigates three examples of IBVPs using over-specified boundary conditions or internal data with simulated noise and obtains stable and accurate results. It underlies that least-square-based radial basis collocation method (LS-RBCM) poses a significant advantage of good stability against large noise levels compared with the conventional RBCM.

A selective and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for determining the total amount of vanadium in carbonaceous shales (stone coal ores). The method is based on the reaction of vanadium(V) with the chromophore reagent 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. In a 0.072 mol l−1 sulfuric acid medium, 5-Br-PADAP reacts with vanadium(V) to form a red-violet complex with a maximum absorption peak at 596 nm with an apparent molar absorption coefficient of the complex of 8.45 × 104 l mol−1 cm−1. Beer's law was obeyed in the range 0–25 μg vanadium in 25 ml of solution, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995. Interferences due to various non-target ions were also investigated and high quantities of other common inorganic ions were tolerable. The method involved the dissolution of the ore sample by Na2O2 fusion, followed by filtering of the alkali solution after which Fe(III), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) etc. were effectively separated from the solution by precipitation in a NaOH solution. Selectivity was increased with the use of EDTA as a masking agent. The vanadium in ore samples was determined with a relative deviation (RSD) between 0.20 and 0.76%, and has been successfully applied to the determination of vanadium-bearing stone coal ores. The results indicated that the accuracy of 5-Br-PADAP spectrophotometry is comparable with the ICP-AES method. The characteristics of the method, i.e., simplicity, selectivity, sensitivity and rapid calibration, make it specially suitable for routine analysis. Une methode spectrophotometrique selective et sensible a ete developpee pour determiner la concentration totale de vanadium dans les minerais rocheux de charbon. La methode est basee sur la reaction du vanadium (V) avec l'agent colore 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) en presence de peroxyde d'hydrogene. Dans une solution d'acide sulfurique, le 5-Br-PADAP reagit avec le vanadium pour former un complexe rouge violace qui a son pic maximum d'absorption a 596 nm et un coefficient d'absorption molaire apparent de 8.45 × 104 l mol−1 cm−1. La loi de Beer est verifiee entre 0 et 25 μg de vanadium dans 25 ml de solution, avec un coefficient de correlation de 0.9995. Les interferences dues a differents ions parasites ont aussi ete recherchees et d'importantes quantites des autres ions inorganiques communement trouves se sont revelees tolerables. La methode comprenait la mise en solution de l'echantillon de minerai par fusion avec Na2O2, suivie d'une filtration de la solution alcaline ensuite de quoi Fe(III), Cu(II), Ni(II) et Co(II) etc. ont eteelimines de la solution par precipitation dans une solution de NaOH. La selectivite a ete augmentee par l'utilisation de EDTA comme agent masquant. Le vanadium dans les minerais a ete determine avec une deviation relative standard (RSD) comprise entre 0.20 et 0.76% et la methode a ete appliquee avec succes a la determination du vanadium dans des minerais rocheux de charbon. Les resultats montrent que la precision de la spectrophotometrie de 5-Br-PADAP est comparable a celle obtenue avec l'ICP-AES. Les caracteristiques de cette methode, a savoir sa simplicite, sa selectivite, sa sensibilite et sa calibration rapide en font une methode particulierement adaptee aux analyses de routine.

Objectives The aim of this study is to look at the incidence of supraorbital ethmoid cells (SOEC) in normal Chinese subjects by using spiral computed tomography (CT) scanning. In addition, subjects with chronic rhinosinusitis with SOEC were reviewed for endoscopic analysis. Methods A total of 202 normal Chinese subjects underwent spiral CT. Meanwhile, a retrospective review of patients who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery over a 1-year period was conducted. Results SOEC showed an incidence of 5.4% (22 sides), and all of them arose from the anterior ethmoid cells. On coronal CT, an SOEC might give the appearance of multiple frontal sinuses, type III frontal cells, suprabullar cells, frontal bullar cells, interfrontal septal cells, or that there was a septation present within the frontal sinus. Meanwhile, 11 chronic rhinosinusitis patients with 12 SOEC were identified. Conclusion A thorough knowledge of endoscopic anatomy and CT of the frontal recess and various fronto-ethmoid cells were required for safe dissection of the SOEC and frontal ostium.

Proteins were detected in channels of commercial starches of normal maize, waxy maize, sorghum, and wheat through labeling with a protein-specific dye and examination using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The dye, specifically 3-(4-carboxybenzoyl)quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde (CBQCA), fluoresces only after it reacts with primary amines in proteins, and CLSM detects fluorescence-labeled protein distribution in an optical section of a starch granule while it is still in an intact state. Starch granules in thin sections of maize kernels also had channel proteins, indicating that proteins are native to the channels and not artifacts of isolation. Incubation of maize starch with protease (thermolysin) removed channel proteins, showing that channels are open to the external environment. SDS-PAGE analysis of total protein from gelatinized commercial waxy maize starch revealed two major proteins of about Mr 38,000 and 40,000, both of which disappeared after thermolysin digestion of raw starch. Co...

O(1),a3Dnetworkconsistingoftwodifferent,interpenetrating2D neutral polymers. With strong anisotropyfrom single ions arranged in the chains, sheets, and finally the3D structure, 1 exhibits spin canting and typical metamag-netism.Crystal-structure determination by X-ray crystallographyshowed that each of the four Co

Two new coordination polymers [Cd(tdc)(bpy)(H2O)]n (1) and [Cd(tdc)(phen)]n (2) (H2tdc = thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized under hydrothermal condition. Their crystal structures have been established by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Fdd2 with a = 14.757(7), b = 45.38(2), c = 10.518(5) A, V = 7044(6) A3, Z = 16; 2 in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 7.262(1), b = 21.970(2), c = 10.051(1) A, β = 105.01(1)°, V = 1548.8(2) A3, Z = 4. Both of them are double-stranded chains and further assembled into three-dimensional networks by π-π stacking interactions. 1 and 2 are stable in air, and show blue photoluminescence at 415 nm and 410 nm, respectively.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss recent advances in diagnostic techniques for severe acute pancreatitis. To discuss recent changes in the treatment of severe acute pan­creatitis, and to evaluate their effects. METHODS: Sixty-two patients who were admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital with severe acute pancreatitis between April 1984 and June 2001 were reviewed. RESULTS: From 1984 to 1993, the main treatment was early surgical debridement, and the mortality rate was 38.5% (15/39). Since 1994 computed tomo-graphy has been used as a diagnostic tool, and treatment has shifted to aggressive intensive medical care, with specific criteria for operative and non-operative interventions. The mortality rate during this period was 17.4% (4/23). CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of patients with severe acute pancreatitis has improved greatly because of advances in diagnosis and treatment. Computed tomography is an important and effective non-invasive diagnostic technique.

Starch suspensions (0.25%) were gelatinized to 70 and 100°C, and starch ghosts (defined as gelatinized starch granule envelopes after the majority of internal starch polymers have been released) and remnants were collected by centrifugation and washed with water. Protein was revealed in isolated gelatinized normal starch ghosts using confocal laser scanning microscopy and a protein-specific dye that fluoresces only after reaction with primary amines in protein. This technique eliminates background interference from residual dye. Observation of fluorescent-labeled protein in the starch ghosts at different optical depths of field revealed that protein was concentrated in the envelopes of swollen, gelatinized potato, maize, and wheat starch ghosts. Only traces of protein were found in gelatinized starch granule remnants of waxy maize and amylose-free potato starches after they were heated to 100°C, indicating that the proteins observed in gelatinized normal maize starch were largely granule-bound st...

Waxy and normal maize starches were damaged to different extents by ball milling, with waxy starch notably more susceptible to damage. Starch damage caused substantial decreases in shear stress or apparent viscosity in both waxy and normal maize starch pastes at a wide range of shear rates (5.6 to 400 1/sec). Shear stress or apparent viscosity decreases were more evident in waxy than in normal maize starch pastes at the same ball milling times. Values of storage moduli were much higher than values of loss moduli, and storage moduli decreased with increase in starch damage in both waxy and normal maize starches, indicating decrease in elastic property. The study showed that starch damage causes substantial rheological changes in gelatinized pastes and that waxy starch undergoes more pronounced changes than normal starch. These results can be used to understand the general behavior of damaged normal and waxy starches in processed foods.

Starch granule-associated proteins, including granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), were found to be partially lost during alkaline extraction of rice starch. Variability in amount of loss of GBSS and other granule proteins was found among different rice lines. Also, part of the GBSS and other granule proteins leached out during gelatinization of the alkali-extracted rice starch. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that some protein still existed in gelatinized starch granules prepared from starch isolated using alkaline extraction. The starch that retained more GBSS and other granule proteins after alkaline extraction tended to have more protein in the isolated gelatinized starch granules, indicating that proteins resistant to alkaline extraction also tended to resist leaching during gelatinization. The study suggests that leaching of granule-associated proteins may contribute to variations in paste properties of alkali-extracted starches.

We previously reported that inhibition of the 12-lipoxygenase pathway abolished proliferation and induced apoptosis in several pancreatic cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the 12-lipoxygenase product 12(S)-HETE stimulated pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and reversed 12-lipoxygenase inhibitor–induced growth inhibition. We investigated the underlying mechanism for 12(S)-HETE–induced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, using 2 human pancreatic cancer cell lines, PANC-1 and HPAF. Cell proliferation was monitored by both thymidine incorporation and cell number. Western blotting was used to investigate the effect of 12(S)-HETE on cellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation as well as ERK, P38 MAPK and JNK/SAPK phosphorylation. 12(S)-HETE markedly stimulated proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In parallel, 12(S)-HETE induced tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple cellular proteins, while inhibition of tyrosine kinase by genestein abolished 12(S)-HETE–induced proliferation, indicating that intracellular protein tyrosine kinase activation is involved in the mitogenic effects of 12(S)-HETE. Following treatment with 12(S)-HETE, both ERK and P38 MAPK, but not JNK/SAPK, were phosphorylated. The specific MEK inhibitors PD098059 and U0126, which in turn suppress ERK, abolished 12(S)-HETE–stimulated proliferation. In contrast, inhibition of P38 MAPK with SB203580 did not affect 12(S)-HETE–stimulated pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, 12(S)-HETE–stimulated ERK phosphorylation was inhibited by genestein, indicating that tyrosine phosphorylation is essential for ERK activation. These findings suggest that both ERK and cellular protein tyrosine kinase activation are involved in 12(S)-HETE–induced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation but P38 and JNK/SAPK are not involved in this mitogenic effect. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Soluble starch plays an important role in the rheology of starch pastes and gels. However, some functional aspects and the microstructural basis of its contribution are still not clear. In this study, commercial corn starch was pasted in a Rapid Visco Analyzer to peak viscosity, and separated into soluble starch (clear of granules and primarily amylose) and insoluble starch (gelatinized starch granules and primarily amylopectin). When the insoluble starch was reconstituted at different levels with soluble starch, paste viscosity profiles in the Rapid Visco Amylgram decreased with addition of increasing amounts of soluble starch. Cold stage scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of pastes revealed a continuous cellular structure of the sample without soluble starch and a denser fibrous structure of the one with soluble starch. Texture analysis of gels formed from pastes showed that the firmness of the gel increased, while gel stickiness decreased, with increasing amounts of added soluble starch. Cold stage SEM of gels revealed a fibrous structure of the gels with the addition of soluble starch and a cellular structure of the gels consisting of insoluble starch alone. Decrease in gel stickiness with addition of the amylose-rich soluble portion implies a large contribution by amylopectin or starch remnants to sticky gel texture. The microstructural comparison of pastes and gels with and without soluble starch provides a structural explanation for the function of soluble starch in pastes and gels.

Chemical activation and unimolecular dissociation pathway and kinetic analysis is presented on addition of radicals H, O, OH, and HO2 to one of the two types of unsaturated carbons on cyclopentadiene. Addition of H atom or OH radical at the 1 position forms an allylic radical, which can break the weaker (allylic) carbon(SINGLEBOND)carbon bond, opening the 5-carbon ring and forming a resonance stabilized radical. Addition at the 2 position is less exothermic and forms a secondary radical, which can break a carbon(SINGLEBOND)carbon bond to form a vinylic radical. The vinylic radical, if formed will rapidly react with O2 or decompose, β Scission. Addition at the 2 position usually results in reverse reaction (dissociation back to the reactants) O(3P) addition to the two types of unsaturated carbons on cyclopentadiene will form two diradical isomers which will quickly decompose to H atom plus cyclopentenone-yl radicals, both of these cyclopentenone-yl radicals will undergo β Scission to form stable cyclopentadienone and H atom. HO2 addition to the unsaturated carbons on cyclopentadiene can form the cyclopentenyl (allylic) radical plus O2 as products through intramolecular isomerization (H Shift) and then dissociation. Thermochemical property data for intermediate species along with rate constants for these radical addition reactions to cyclopentadiene and the decomposition/isomerization reactions of the adducts are estimated. Rate constants for each channel are calculated using bimolecular quantum Rice Ramsperger Kassel, QRRK, for k(E) with a modified strong collision analysis for fall off. Rate constants are presented over a range of pressure and temperature. Modeling results are compared to the limited literature data available for validation, i.e., to species profiles for appropriate reaction systems, where cyclopentadiene is a key intermediate. Rate constants on abstraction of the resonance stabilized H from the cyclopentadiene ring are also estimated. Major (vida infra) reaction channels and kinetic parameters Addition at the 1 position \scriptfont4=\seveni \scriptscriptfont4=\fivei \halign{\quad$\rm #$\hfil&\qquad $\rm #$\hfil\crCY13PD+H\Longleftrightarrow C=\!=CC.C=\!=C&\it k\rm =1.4\ 10^{14}\ \it T\rm ^{-0.18}\ exp(-3150/\it RT\rm )\cr CY13PD+O\Longleftrightarrow \hbox{Cypent-3-eneone-2yl}+H&\it k\rm =8.91\ 10^{12}\ \it T\rm ^{-0.15}\ exp(-590/\it RT\rm )\cr CY13PD+OH\Longleftrightarrow C=\!=CC.C=\!=COH&\it k\rm =8.18\ 10^{12}\ \it T\rm ^{-0.07}\ exp(-850/\it RT\rm )\cr CY13PD+HO_{2}\Longleftrightarrow \hbox{Cypentene-3yl}+O2&\it k\rm =1.33\ 10^{15}\ \it T\rm ^{-1.07}\ exp(-9530/\it RT\rm )\cr} Addition at the 2 position \scriptfont4=\seveni \scriptscriptfont4=\fivei \halign{\quad$\rm #$\hfil&\qquad $\rm #$\hfil\crCY13PD+H\Longleftrightarrow C=\!=CC.+C\equiv\!\equiv C&\it k\rm =1.64\ 10^{36}\ \it T\rm ^{-5.99}\ exp(-32500/\it RT\rm )\cr CY13PD+O\Longleftrightarrow \hbox{Cypent-3-eneone-4yl}+H&\it k\rm =5.60\ 10^{12}\ \it T\rm ^{-0.06}\ exp(-200/\it RT\rm )\cr CY13PD+OH\Longleftrightarrow C=\!=CC.OH+C=\!=C&\it k\rm =1.07\ 10^{33}\ \it T\rm ^{-5.49}\ exp(-37420/\it RT\rm )\cr} Units cm-3 mole-1 sec -1, Ea in kcal/mole, temperature range 900-1400 K © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet: 29: 893–913, 1997.