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Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-mediated resistance has become a great challenge for tumor treatment. Cisplatin increased tumor PD-L1 expression, promoted chemotherapy resistance. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced PD-L1 expression might facilitate immunotherapy resistance. Methylseleninic acid (MSeA), a selenium (Se) compound, offered superior cancer chemo-preventive activities and enhanced tumor sensitivity to diverse chemotherapeutic drugs. This study explored the effects of MSeA on the PD-L1-mediated resistance using both in vitro and in vivo models. Results showed that MSeA substantially attenuated cisplatin-induced PD-L1 expression via inhibiting protein kinase B phosphorylation, thereby potentiated cisplatin cytotoxicity in prostate and lung cancer cell models. In lung cancer xenograft model, MSeA significantly suppressed cisplatin-induced PD-L1 expression, consequently enhanced T-cell immunity, ultimately improved the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin. Moreover, IFN-γ-induced tumor PD-L1 expression was remarkably reduced by MSeA, with correlated reductions in janus kinase 2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in prostate and lung cancer cell models. Our findings, for the first time, demonstrated that MSeA is a potential agent to overcome PD-L1-mediated chemotherapy and immunotherapy resistance. Such information might have potential clinical implications for prostate and lung cancer treatment.

High-throughput metabolic analysis is of significance in diagnostics, while tedious sample pretreatment has largely hindered its clinic application. Herein, we designed FeOOH@ZIF-8 composites with enhanced ionization efficiency and size-exclusion effect for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS)-based metabolic diagnosis of gynecological cancers. The FeOOH@ZIF-8-assisted LDI-MS achieved rapid, sensitive, and selective metabolic fingerprints of the native serum without any enrichment or purification. Further analysis of extracted serum metabolic fingerprints successfully discriminated patients with gynecological cancers (GCs) from healthy controls and also differentiated three major subtypes of GCs. Given the low cost, high-throughput, and easy operation, our approach brings a new dimension to disease analysis and classification.

Amorphous metal–organic frameworks (a MOFs) are an emerging family of attractive materials with great application potential, however a MOFs are usually prepared under harsh conditions and a MOFs with complex compositions and structures are rarely reported. In this work, an a MOF‐dominated nanocomposite (a MOF‐NC) with both structural and compositional complexity has been synthesized using a facile approach. A ligand‐competition amorphization mechanism is proposed based on experimental and density functional theory calculation results. The a MOF‐NC possesses a core–shell nanorod@nanosheet architecture, including a Fe‐rich Fe‐Co‐a MOF core and a Co‐rich Fe‐Co‐a MOF shell in the core–shell structured nanorod, and amorphous Co(OH)2 nanosheets as the outer layer. Benefiting from the structural and compositional heterogeneity, the a MOF‐NC demonstrates an excellent oxygen evolution reaction activity with a low overpotential of 249 mV at 10.0 mA cm−2 and Tafel slope of 39.5 mV dec−1.

The geometry of nanoparticles has a profound effect on their interactions with macrophages. For an elongated geometry, the well-known curvature-dependent phagocytosis mechanism is still under debate, presumably because another important parameter, the probability of orientation, is overlooked. To verify this hypothesis, it is demonstrated that increasing the probability of the preferred vertical orientation is an efficient strategy to significantly enhance macrophage phagocytosis and uptake. This is achieved via a well-designed hexapod nanoparticle in comparison with a monopod counterpart. The hexapod nanoparticle can achieve ≈100% close-to-vertical orientation, thereby favoring phagocytosis. This discovery provides a new insight into the design of nanomaterials for macrophage-oriented bioapplications.

Amorphous metal–organic frameworks are an emerging family of attractive materials with great application potential. In their Research Article on page 3638, C. Yu and co‐workers have developed a facile ligand‐competition amorphization strategy for the synthesis of nanocomposites based on amorphous metal–organic frameworks with both compositional and structural heterogeneity, which exhibit superior electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity.

Amorphe Metall‐organische Geruste sind eine aufstrebende Klasse interessanter Materialien mit grosem Anwendungspotenzial. In ihrem Forschungsartikel auf S. 3659 stellen C. Yu und Mitarbeiter eine einfache Amorphisierungsstrategie vor, die auf Ligandenkonkurrenz beruht. Auf diese Weise synthetisieren sie Nanokomposite auf der Basis amorpher Metall‐organischer Geruste mit heterogener Zusammensetzung und Struktur, die eine hohe elektrokatalytische Aktivitat in der Sauerstoffentwicklung zeigen.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative brain disorder that exhibits clear pathologic changes in the hippocampus. Traditional drug delivery systems are ineffective due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this study, an efficient, stable, and easily constructed nanosystem (CB-Gd-Cy5.5) based on the cholera toxin B subunit (CB) is designed to improve the efficiency of drug delivery to the brain, especially the hippocampus. Through intranasal administration, CB-Gd-Cy5.5 is easily delivered to the brain without intervention by the BBB. The CB in CB-Gd-Cy5.5 is used for specifically combining with the monosialoganglioside GM1, which is widely found in the hippocampus. This nanosystem exhibits impressive performance in accumulating in the hippocampus. In addition, the good magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capability of CB-Gd-Cy5.5 can satisfy the monitoring of AD in the different stages.