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Objectives: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) contributes to poor aneurysm prognosis. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and DCI have irreversible and severe consequences once they occur; therefore, early prediction and prevention are important. We investigated the risk factors for postoperative complications of DCI in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) requiring mechanical ventilation in intensive care and validated a prediction model., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with aSAH who were treated in a French university hospital neuro-ICU between January 2010 and December 2015. The patients were randomized into a training group (144) and verification groups (60). Nomograms were validated in the training and verification groups, where receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to verify model discrimination; calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to determine model calibration; and decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to verify clinical validity of the model., Results: External ventricular drain (EVD), duration of mechanical ventilation, and treatment were significantly associated in the univariate analysis; EVD and rebleeding were significantly associated with the occurrence of DCI after aSAH. Binary logistic regression was used to select five clinicopathological characteristics to predict the occurrence of DCI in patients with aSAH requiring mechanical ventilation nomograms of the risk of DCI. Area under the curve values for the training and verification groups were 0.768 and 0.246, with Brier scores of 0.166 and 0.163, respectively. Hosmer-Lemeshow calibration test values for the training and verification groups were x 2 = 3.824 ( P = 0.923) and x 2 = 10.868 ( P = 0.285), respectively. Calibration curves showed good agreement. DCA indicated that the training and verification groups showed large positive returns in the broad risk range of 0-77% and 0-63%, respectively., Conclusions: The predictive model of concurrent DCI in aSAH has theoretical and practical values and can provide individualized treatment options for patients with aSAH who require mechanical ventilation., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article., (Copyright © 2023 Xianjun Chen et al.)

Objective: Glioblastoma is one of the most common and fatal malignancies in adults. Current treatment is still not optimistic. Glioblastoma (GBM) transports RNA to platelets in the blood system via microvesicles, suggesting that platelet RNA can be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target. The roles of specific platelet RNAs in treatment of GBM are not well understood., Methods: Platelet RNA profiling of 8 GBM and 12 normal samples were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between tumors and normal samples. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to elucidate the functions of up- and downregulated genes. miRNA was predicted by miRTarBase, TargetScan, and miRDB databases. circBase and circBank were used for circRNA prediction. ceRNA (circRNA-mRNA-miRNA) network was constructed to investigate the potential interactions., Results: 22 genes were upregulated and 9 genes were downregulated. There are only two genes ( CCR7 and FAM102A ) that connect to miRNAs (hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-1-3p). We assessed the overall survival rates by Kaplan-Meier plotter, and relative expression of GBM and subtypes for overlapped mRNA ( CCR7 and FAM102A ) were evaluated, and further, we obtained circRNAs (has-circ-0015164, hsa-circ-0003243) by circBank and circBase and bind sites through the CSCD database. Finally, a ceRNA network (circRNA-mRNA-miRNA) was constructed based on 2 miRNAs, 2 mRNAs, and 2 circRNAs by Cytoscape. This study focused on potential mRNA and ceRNA biomarkers to targeted treatment of GBM and provided ideas for clinical treatment through the combination of hematology and oncology., Conclusion: The findings of this study contribute to better understand the relationship between GBM and the blood system (platelets) and might lay a solid foundation for improving GBM molecule and gene diagnosis and prognosis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Xianjun Chen et al.)

Purpose: Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is the main ingredient in cinnamon, and it has been proven to have an inhibitory effect on many different tumor types. However, it lacks effect on glioma. This paper explores the effect CA has on glioma cells U87 and U251 at the cellular and molecular levels., Methods: The relationship between Hif-1 α and Sept9 was found by CGGA. Cell Viability Assay (CCK8) was made to detect the proliferation ability. The scratch experiment and the transwell experiment were applied to the migration and invasion ability. Annexin V-FITC/PI were used to detect the cell apoptosis. Western blotting was used to determine the specified protein level., Results: Cell proliferation assay results revealed CA to inhibit the proliferation of glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner. It promoted apoptosis for upregulating the expression of Bax and downregulating the expression of Bcl-2. Wound Healing Assay and transwell test found CA to have anti-invasion ability and that it upregulated the expression of E-cadherin and downregulated the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The molecular mechanism was studied from a tumor microenvironment (TME) perspective. Pi3k inhibitor (LY294002) was used for interfering with cells, and the results found CA to demonstrate a similar effect. Hif-1 α and Sept9 expressions were inhibited, and Akt and p-Akt were also inhibited. By using CoCl 2 to make hypoxia, CA was discovered to inhibit the high expression of Hif-1 α and Sept9, demonstrating a correlation with the Pi3k/Akt pathway. It is suggested that the mechanism of Sept9 under hypoxia regulation can be realized through the Pi3k/Akt pathway., Conclusions: This study proves for the first time that CA is an effective drug for inhibiting the proliferation of glioma through Sept9 and reveals Sept9 to be related to the Pi3k/Akt pathway in terms of tumor microenvironment, providing a molecular basis for the further study of CA in glioma treatment., Competing Interests: The authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest to this work., (Copyright © 2022 Zhiwen Wang et al.)

Objective: To explore the predictive value of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) in the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH)., Methods: We recruited 32 patients with aSAH as the case group and 24 patients with unruptured aneurysms as the control group. Serum MFG-E8 levels were measured by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We analyzed the relationship between MFG-E8 levels and the risk of DCI., Results: The levels of serum MFG-E8 in the case group (mean = 11160.9 pg/mL) were significantly higher than those in the control group (mean = 3081.0 pg/mL, p < 0.001). MFG-E8 levels highly correlated with the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) and modified Fisher scores ( r = -0.691 and - 0.767, respectively, p < 0.001). In addition, MFG-E8 levels in patients with DCI (5882.7 ± 3162.4 pg/mL) were notably higher than those in patients without DCI (15818.2 ± 3771.6 pg/mL, p < 0.001). A receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the occurrence of DCI could effectively be predicted by MFG-E8 (area under the curve = 0.976, 95%CI = 0.850-1.000). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a remarkable decrease in the incidence of DCI in case group individuals with high levels of MFG-E8 (≥11160.9 pg/mL, p < 0.001)., Conclusion: MFG-E8 may be a useful predictive marker for DCI after an aSAH and could be a promising surrogate end point., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article., (Copyright © 2021 Xianjun Chen et al.)