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Abstract Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) is one of numerous hypereosinophilic syndromes. The incidence of IHES among children is unknown, but it is considered a rare disease. We report a pediatric case of IHES and the challenges to finding an effective treatment. The patient described here was responsive to prednisolone and thalidomide.

Abstract Treatment with Tenutex® should be considered in patients diagnosed with scabies if the first‐line treatment with 5% permethrin fails. Treatment failure with 5% permethrin may be due to tolerance or resistance in scabies mites.

Abstract This case report presents an acute painful skin reaction several years after injection of site‐enhancing oils (SEO) induced by chemotherapy. This case exemplifies the long‐term dangerous side effects of the use of SEO, however treatable with prednisolone.

Abstract Remember EPFI as a differential diagnosis in children with a rash on the scalp and no effect of antibiotic treatment.

Abstract Patients who are undergoing treatment with bleomycin and develop prurigo or rash should be suspected of bleomycin‐induced flagellate erythema and treated early with antihistamines, topical, and oral corticosteroids.

Cancer-induced bone pain severely compromises the quality of life of many patients suffering from bone metastasis, as current therapies leave some patients with inadequate pain relief. The recent development of specific animal models has increased the understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cancer-induced bone pain including the involvement of ATP and the purinergic receptors in the progression of the pain state. In nociception, ATP acts as an extracellular messenger to transmit sensory information both at the peripheral site of tissue damage and in the spinal cord. Several of the purinergic receptors have been shown to be important for the development and maintenance of neuropathic and inflammatory pain, and studies have demonstrated the importance of both peripheral and central mechanisms. We here provide an overview of the current literature on the role of purinergic receptors in cancer-induced bone pain with emphasis on some of the difficulties related to studying this complex pain state.

We describe a case of a child suffering from alternating hemiplegia with a heterozygous p. E815K pathogenic variant of ATP1A3. The patient started to present abnormal eye movements in the first days of life, followed by the appearance at 2 months of dystonic episodes, and later on, by recurrent episodes of alternating hemiplegia more often on the right side. A severe epilepsy started at the age of 2 years with episodes of status epilepticus since the onset which frequently recurred, requiring admission to the intensive care unit. MRI showed bilateral mesial temporal sclerosis and a left-sided ischaemic lesion. Interictal EEG showed bilateral abnormalities, whereas postictal EEG after status epilepticus showed overt slowing on the left side, suggesting a predominant involvement of ictal activity of the left hemisphere. We hypothesize that in our patient, the left hemisphere might have been more prominently affected by the pathogenetic abnormalities underlying alternating hemiplegia of childhood, rendering it more prone to early ischaemic lesions and recurrent unilateral status epilepticus. We speculate whether alternating hemiplegia of childhood shares some common pathophysiological mechanisms with familial hemiplegic migraine that may be associated with a pathogenic variant of ATP1A2.

Background: Preterm infants are at 8 times higher risk than term infants for pre- and perinatal brain damage, resulting in cerebral palsy. In this paper we have analysed the influence of prenatal and birth-related risk factors on cerebral palsy in preterm infants., Methods: In a register-based study, 175 preterm singleton infants with cerebral palsy, born in 1982-86, were compared with 687 controls matched by gestational age and year of birth., Results: Statistically significant higher rates in cases were found in parity > or = 3 (22% vs. 16%, p < 0.05), Cesarean section (67% vs. 56%, p < 0.01), and low Apgar scores at 1 minute (45% vs. 36%, p < 0.05). By multivariate analyses, two variables remained statistically significant: parity > or = 3 (adjusted OR = 1.53 (95% CI 1.00-2.34), p < 0.05) and Cesarean section (adjusted OR = 1.57 (95% CI 1.07-2.32), p < 0.05)., Conclusions: Pregnancy complications preceding preterm birth did not imply a higher risk of cerebral palsy. Delivery by Cesarean section was a prognostic factor for developing cerebral palsy, and the predictive value of Apgar scores was highly limited.